2. What Is Diabetes ?

3. Diabetes Mellitus - An Insight
Diabetes mellitus is a disorder
characterized by increased blood
sugar (hyperglycemia) due to
defective insulin secretion, insulin
action or both.

4. Types of Diabetes
Type 1 diabetes:- No Insulin present at all. Happens often
during childhood. Usually below 30 years of
age. Also called as Juvenile Diabetes.
The cells responsible for making
Insulin are absent

5. Types of Diabetes
Type 2 diabetes:- Not enough insulin OR Insulin doesn’t work
(Insulin resistance)
Happens usually above 30 Years of age, also
known as Adult Onset Diabetes.
Insulin resistance

6. Symptoms for Type 2 Diabetes

7. Complications of Diabetes

8. What Is Insulin ?

9. Insulin
Insulin is a substance that controls
the amount of glucose (sugar) in the
blood.

10. Insulin
If there isn’t enough insulin or if it doesn’t have the proper
effect, the level of glucose in the blood increases and this can
have harmful effects.
Target for Diabetic patients
PPBG : < 180 mg/dl
FBG : 90 - 130 mg/dl

11. Diet
The Controls Exercise
Foot Care

12. Diet Control
Limit your food intake during each meal
or snack
Divide your food intake into 3 evenly
spaced meals with a small healthy
snack between meals ,if needed

13. Diet Control
Don’t skip meals
Eat fibre rich foods such as fruits,
vegetables, grains and beans
Limit the amount of fat , sugar
and salt in your meal

14. Diet Control
Points to be taken into consideration while planning the diet
Avoid roots and tubers e.g.
DO NOT EAT
potato, sweet- potato, but carrot US..WE ARE Choose
and radish can be consumed. NOT GOOD me
FOR YOU
Avoid sugar, glucose, jams,
honey, sweets, nuts,
Horlicks,Bournvita etc.

15. Diet Control
Avoid fried food.
Include salads but avoid
salad dressing with fat
Include plenty of green leafy
vegetables.

16. Diet Control
Quantity of oil should be restricted
Dietary exchanges should be taken into consideration
consume very less oil

17. Diet Control
Include food rich in fibre
Avoid fruits such as mango,
banana, chickoo, custard apple etc

18. Exercise

19. Exercise
Losing weight can be:
Difficult
&
Frustrating

20. Exercise
But it is POSSIBLE to :
Lose weight
&
Sustain weight loss

21. Exercise
Physical activity is an important part of
Diabetes Management

22. Exercise
Exercise can:
Boost your metabolism
Increase muscle mass, so you
burn more calories
Help improve the body’s response
to insulin and naturally lowering
glucose by burning extra calories.

23. Exercise
The facts: For people having diabetes
You need to exercise daily or at least five
times a week
The exercise duration should for
45 to 55 minutes at a time

24. Exercise
Since the muscles that use glucose
appropriately are the long, thin
muscles, you need to develop
these muscles
This requires exercise that is
low-resistance and high-frequency
such as walking

25. Exercise
With a daily low-resistance,
high-frequency exercise program
lasting 45 to 55 minutes, blood glucose
control for diabetes patients improves
and stabilizes, even before weight loss
is achieved.

26. Exercise
Exercise has no long-term effect on glucose.
Within 24 to 48 hours of cessation, the
beneficial effects on diabetes and its control
are lost.
Therefore, exercise is a life-long commitment

27. Exercise
Top Ten Benefits of Being Active
Improves Blood Glucose Management
Lowers Blood Pressure
Improves Blood Fats
Lesser intake of Insulin or Diabetes Pills

28. Exercise
Lose weight and sustain it
Lower risk of other health problems
Gain more energy and sleep better

29. Exercise
Relieves stress
Builds stronger bones and muscles
Enhances flexibility

30. Foot Care

31. Foot Care
Check your Feet Every Day!

32. Foot Care
Foot problems can literally
develop overnight
It is essential to check your
feet daily

33. Foot Care
Check your feet daily for the following :
Cuts, blisters or sores
Change in temperature
(hot or cold)
Change in colour (pale, red, blue)

34. Foot Care
Swelling
Pain
Dry, cracking skin
Sweaty skin

35. Foot Care
Athletes foot or other rashes
Signs and symptoms of infection
Corns and calluses

36. Foot Care
How to take care of your feet ?

37. Foot Care
Look at your feet every day.
Make sure there are no cuts
or red areas
Use a mirror to see the bottom
of your feet
Don’t soak your feet. Wash
them well with mild soap
and water every day

38. Foot Care
Dry them very well,
including in between the
toes
Don’t walk barefoot

39. Foot Care
Wear shoes that fit well
Buy socks designed to keep
your feet comfortable
Use lotion on your feet, but
not between the toes

40. Foot Care
Meet your Foot doctor
Do not cut your toenails. File them
instead, or have them trimmed by
a foot doctor
If you have poor circulation, nerve
damage, or very thick toenails,
see a foot doctor regularly
Also see a foot doctor, if you
have corns, calluses, or bunions

41. Foot Care
If you do get a cut or scratch, address
it right away
Wash with mild soap and warm water
Use a mild ointment
Make sure to change
Cover with gauze and paper tape or
this often
a fabric bandage

42. Foot Care
If the affected area does not heal
OR
Gets red
OR
Has any drainage
Call your healthcare provider right away