SlideShare una empresa de Scribd logo
1 de 22
Descargar para leer sin conexión
ISMB2016読み会	
http://www.slideshare.net/carushi	
https://speakerdeck.com/carushi
•  温度に応じて二次構造が変化し、RNAの持つ機能を調節するRNA termometersの配
列をデザインするアルゴリズムを開発	
•  枝刈り&探索を繰り返す厳密解に加えてlarge neighbourhood search algorithmによる
貪欲解を得る	
•  42℃→30℃で50%活性が落ちるThermo-IRESスイッチを実験的にも確認
•  実験はスペインのグループと共同	
•  IRESの構造解析	
•  こちらの論文は温度依存性ではなく、二次構造を壊
す類似配列をデザイン	
•  picornavirusのdomain 5においてヘアピンループとポ
リピリミジントラクトの露出がIRESの活性に重要であ
ることを調べた
Science, 2016 Jan. 	
•  RNA loop structure, m6A, IRES	
•  10%のmRNAがcap非依存の翻訳を受ける	
•  5’UTR and 3’UTRどちらにもエンリッチ
RNA folding	
•  配列→構造	
•  相補的な塩基のpairingにより安定化	
•  A-U, G-C, G-U	
•  ΔG of GC/CG stacking is 	
•  3.4kcal/mol - ATP hydrolysis 7kcal/mol	
•  最安定(MFE)構造を予測	
Hairpin	
Internal	
Multi	
A
Exterior	
Bulge	
…((…))…	
Example
RNA “inverse” folding	
•  構造 → 配列	
•  特定のMFE構造を取る配列をデザインする	
•  RNA合成の分野で重要	
•  ターゲット:数十から数百nt 程度のアプタマー、リボスイッチ	
•  ナイーブにやるとだいたい計算は激重	
•  配列を作る → MFE構造予測 O(N^3) → 配列を作る…の繰り返し	
•  シュードノット以上の複雑な構造のMFEはNP完全なので大体は無視
既存ソフトウェア	
温度依存で2構造を取る	
•  Switch Design (Flamm 2001) -
adaptive walk	
•  Frnakenstein (Lyngso 2012) -
genetic algorithm	
•  どちらも該当する中で探索をしな
がら最適配列を一つ出力する	
	
初めて厳密解の列挙が可能なアルゴリ
ズムを作った	
Inverse folding	
•  RNAinverse	
•  RNA-SSD	
•  INFO-RNA	
•  MODENA (made in Japan!)	
•  NUPACK-DESIGN (Caltech)	
•  Inv (China)	
•  RNAifold
アルゴリズム概要	
•  RNAifoldをベースの制約付きのInverse
folding	
•  複数構造に対して実行	
•  二次構造を木構造に分解	
•  ノード間のoverlap・inclusion	
•  関連するノードは同時に最適化	
•  ノードの探索順序を確定	 数字逆?	
実装:C++&OR-tools (CP search engine)	
ループ内はおそらくマルチスレッド
1,2: bp and up	
0: bp and bp	
4,6: bp and paired i	
5,6: bp and paired j	
7: closing bp
RNAifoldの戦略	
……((……))…………….((((…))).)……	目的の構造	
①独立のノードに分解	
NNGNNNNNNNN	
↓	
AAGAAAAAACUA	
↓	
②配列を制約に従って埋める	
塩基対を組む場所は塩基対のペ
アで、組まない場所は任意の塩
基でNを埋めてみる	
.((……)).	 ③RNAfoldで目的の構造と	
合うことを確認	
※少なくともこの部分配列は目的の構造と一致している必要がある	
unpairdの塩基が周囲に追加されることで違うMFE構造を取りうる
……((……))…………….((((…))).)……	
④各部分構造から得られた配列を組み合わせて最終的に目的の構造と合うか確認	
RNAifoldの戦略	
AAGAAAAAACUA	 ACGGGAAACCCAGA	
……((……))…………….((((…))).)……	
+	
Target	
MFE	
不一致の場合	
•  正解部分のBpを確率的に固定し再探索 (LNS)	
•  全パターン試す (CP)
温度依存で目的構造が2つある場合	
30℃の塩基対()部分を埋める	
30℃のループ.部分を埋める	
30℃の境界部分を埋める	
同時並行で関連する10℃の塩
基対を埋める!	
→ オーバーラップがある領域では同時に最適化(例)
•  完成したものからMFE構造を
チェックする(30℃→10℃)	
工夫(Heuristic)	
•  塩基対は安定的なGCから入れて
みる	
•  片方では組まないものは逆に不安
定なものから	
•  ループ領域はAUから入れてみる	
•  ただしランダム変数で順序には揺ら
ぎ	
温度依存で目的構造が2つある場合
結果 thermo-IRESのデザイン	
42℃(活性高い)	30℃(活性低い)	
Experimentally validated!	
•  RNAifold2Tで候補を挙げる	
•  以下の選択基準でD1,D2をセレクト	
•  (a)(b)の構造をとる(P > 0.2)	
•  意図しない構造の確率の2倍以上	
•  直近のドメイン4の構造を不安定化させない	
Activity42℃/30℃	
WT D1 D2 NC	
Start codon	
Py tract	
•  FMDV IRES domain 5	
•  IRESのCap非依存な翻訳は42℃の構
造の方がよく働く
IRES活性の実験的検証方法	
•  Luc/CAT	
•  35S labelled Luciferase polypeptide	
•  chloramphenicol acetyl transferase polypeptide	
•  SDS-PAGE → Densitometerで発現量の比を取る	
CAT	 5’UTR	 Luciferase	Cap
結果 予測結果比較	
λ phage thermoregulator RF01804	
Relative frequency of the cost function of SD→低くある必要はない?	
Black : RNAifoldの全解探索	
を長時間行ったもの
Cost function	
Flamm, et al. RNA. 2001.	
G: partition function	
→-RTlnp(Ω1)-RTlnp(Ω2)	
→ただし結果1で使っていた選択
基準に類似😅
短 (N<130nt) 30min	 Supplementary	
全体的な列挙数はRNAiFold2T	
解けた総数はあまり変わらず	
結果 thermoregulatorの列挙
長 (N>130nt) 60min	 Supplementary	
結果 thermoregulatorの列挙	
全体的な列挙数はRNAiFold2T	
解けた総数はSDが若干上回る
•  24hr走らせて、出せるだけ候補を出す	
•  オーダーで2桁以上違う→列挙に強い(配列は似てる可能性が高い)	
短 24hr	
結果 thermoregulatorの列挙
•  SHAPE(実験的構造解析)の
データを足すと構造予測も大きく
変化する	
•  将来的には取り入れたい
コメント	
•  アルゴリズムとしては既存のものに新たな制約を追加したもの	
•  ニッチだけど厳密解えらい→既存手法のコスト関数は実はイケてないのでは?	
•  実用的には様々なheuristicが必要	
•  MFEにしか(有効に)使えない、構造計算の再利用は0	
•  長いものに対してたくさんの候補を出せるところに優位性	
•  あとは頑張って実験という方向性	
•  生物学的に面白いトピックに使える(た)点が評価されたという印象

Más contenido relacionado

Destacado

2024 State of Marketing Report – by Hubspot
2024 State of Marketing Report – by Hubspot2024 State of Marketing Report – by Hubspot
2024 State of Marketing Report – by HubspotMarius Sescu
 
Everything You Need To Know About ChatGPT
Everything You Need To Know About ChatGPTEverything You Need To Know About ChatGPT
Everything You Need To Know About ChatGPTExpeed Software
 
Product Design Trends in 2024 | Teenage Engineerings
Product Design Trends in 2024 | Teenage EngineeringsProduct Design Trends in 2024 | Teenage Engineerings
Product Design Trends in 2024 | Teenage EngineeringsPixeldarts
 
How Race, Age and Gender Shape Attitudes Towards Mental Health
How Race, Age and Gender Shape Attitudes Towards Mental HealthHow Race, Age and Gender Shape Attitudes Towards Mental Health
How Race, Age and Gender Shape Attitudes Towards Mental HealthThinkNow
 
AI Trends in Creative Operations 2024 by Artwork Flow.pdf
AI Trends in Creative Operations 2024 by Artwork Flow.pdfAI Trends in Creative Operations 2024 by Artwork Flow.pdf
AI Trends in Creative Operations 2024 by Artwork Flow.pdfmarketingartwork
 
PEPSICO Presentation to CAGNY Conference Feb 2024
PEPSICO Presentation to CAGNY Conference Feb 2024PEPSICO Presentation to CAGNY Conference Feb 2024
PEPSICO Presentation to CAGNY Conference Feb 2024Neil Kimberley
 
Content Methodology: A Best Practices Report (Webinar)
Content Methodology: A Best Practices Report (Webinar)Content Methodology: A Best Practices Report (Webinar)
Content Methodology: A Best Practices Report (Webinar)contently
 
How to Prepare For a Successful Job Search for 2024
How to Prepare For a Successful Job Search for 2024How to Prepare For a Successful Job Search for 2024
How to Prepare For a Successful Job Search for 2024Albert Qian
 
Social Media Marketing Trends 2024 // The Global Indie Insights
Social Media Marketing Trends 2024 // The Global Indie InsightsSocial Media Marketing Trends 2024 // The Global Indie Insights
Social Media Marketing Trends 2024 // The Global Indie InsightsKurio // The Social Media Age(ncy)
 
Trends In Paid Search: Navigating The Digital Landscape In 2024
Trends In Paid Search: Navigating The Digital Landscape In 2024Trends In Paid Search: Navigating The Digital Landscape In 2024
Trends In Paid Search: Navigating The Digital Landscape In 2024Search Engine Journal
 
5 Public speaking tips from TED - Visualized summary
5 Public speaking tips from TED - Visualized summary5 Public speaking tips from TED - Visualized summary
5 Public speaking tips from TED - Visualized summarySpeakerHub
 
ChatGPT and the Future of Work - Clark Boyd
ChatGPT and the Future of Work - Clark Boyd ChatGPT and the Future of Work - Clark Boyd
ChatGPT and the Future of Work - Clark Boyd Clark Boyd
 
Getting into the tech field. what next
Getting into the tech field. what next Getting into the tech field. what next
Getting into the tech field. what next Tessa Mero
 
Google's Just Not That Into You: Understanding Core Updates & Search Intent
Google's Just Not That Into You: Understanding Core Updates & Search IntentGoogle's Just Not That Into You: Understanding Core Updates & Search Intent
Google's Just Not That Into You: Understanding Core Updates & Search IntentLily Ray
 
Time Management & Productivity - Best Practices
Time Management & Productivity -  Best PracticesTime Management & Productivity -  Best Practices
Time Management & Productivity - Best PracticesVit Horky
 
The six step guide to practical project management
The six step guide to practical project managementThe six step guide to practical project management
The six step guide to practical project managementMindGenius
 
Beginners Guide to TikTok for Search - Rachel Pearson - We are Tilt __ Bright...
Beginners Guide to TikTok for Search - Rachel Pearson - We are Tilt __ Bright...Beginners Guide to TikTok for Search - Rachel Pearson - We are Tilt __ Bright...
Beginners Guide to TikTok for Search - Rachel Pearson - We are Tilt __ Bright...RachelPearson36
 

Destacado (20)

2024 State of Marketing Report – by Hubspot
2024 State of Marketing Report – by Hubspot2024 State of Marketing Report – by Hubspot
2024 State of Marketing Report – by Hubspot
 
Everything You Need To Know About ChatGPT
Everything You Need To Know About ChatGPTEverything You Need To Know About ChatGPT
Everything You Need To Know About ChatGPT
 
Product Design Trends in 2024 | Teenage Engineerings
Product Design Trends in 2024 | Teenage EngineeringsProduct Design Trends in 2024 | Teenage Engineerings
Product Design Trends in 2024 | Teenage Engineerings
 
How Race, Age and Gender Shape Attitudes Towards Mental Health
How Race, Age and Gender Shape Attitudes Towards Mental HealthHow Race, Age and Gender Shape Attitudes Towards Mental Health
How Race, Age and Gender Shape Attitudes Towards Mental Health
 
AI Trends in Creative Operations 2024 by Artwork Flow.pdf
AI Trends in Creative Operations 2024 by Artwork Flow.pdfAI Trends in Creative Operations 2024 by Artwork Flow.pdf
AI Trends in Creative Operations 2024 by Artwork Flow.pdf
 
Skeleton Culture Code
Skeleton Culture CodeSkeleton Culture Code
Skeleton Culture Code
 
PEPSICO Presentation to CAGNY Conference Feb 2024
PEPSICO Presentation to CAGNY Conference Feb 2024PEPSICO Presentation to CAGNY Conference Feb 2024
PEPSICO Presentation to CAGNY Conference Feb 2024
 
Content Methodology: A Best Practices Report (Webinar)
Content Methodology: A Best Practices Report (Webinar)Content Methodology: A Best Practices Report (Webinar)
Content Methodology: A Best Practices Report (Webinar)
 
How to Prepare For a Successful Job Search for 2024
How to Prepare For a Successful Job Search for 2024How to Prepare For a Successful Job Search for 2024
How to Prepare For a Successful Job Search for 2024
 
Social Media Marketing Trends 2024 // The Global Indie Insights
Social Media Marketing Trends 2024 // The Global Indie InsightsSocial Media Marketing Trends 2024 // The Global Indie Insights
Social Media Marketing Trends 2024 // The Global Indie Insights
 
Trends In Paid Search: Navigating The Digital Landscape In 2024
Trends In Paid Search: Navigating The Digital Landscape In 2024Trends In Paid Search: Navigating The Digital Landscape In 2024
Trends In Paid Search: Navigating The Digital Landscape In 2024
 
5 Public speaking tips from TED - Visualized summary
5 Public speaking tips from TED - Visualized summary5 Public speaking tips from TED - Visualized summary
5 Public speaking tips from TED - Visualized summary
 
ChatGPT and the Future of Work - Clark Boyd
ChatGPT and the Future of Work - Clark Boyd ChatGPT and the Future of Work - Clark Boyd
ChatGPT and the Future of Work - Clark Boyd
 
Getting into the tech field. what next
Getting into the tech field. what next Getting into the tech field. what next
Getting into the tech field. what next
 
Google's Just Not That Into You: Understanding Core Updates & Search Intent
Google's Just Not That Into You: Understanding Core Updates & Search IntentGoogle's Just Not That Into You: Understanding Core Updates & Search Intent
Google's Just Not That Into You: Understanding Core Updates & Search Intent
 
How to have difficult conversations
How to have difficult conversations How to have difficult conversations
How to have difficult conversations
 
Introduction to Data Science
Introduction to Data ScienceIntroduction to Data Science
Introduction to Data Science
 
Time Management & Productivity - Best Practices
Time Management & Productivity -  Best PracticesTime Management & Productivity -  Best Practices
Time Management & Productivity - Best Practices
 
The six step guide to practical project management
The six step guide to practical project managementThe six step guide to practical project management
The six step guide to practical project management
 
Beginners Guide to TikTok for Search - Rachel Pearson - We are Tilt __ Bright...
Beginners Guide to TikTok for Search - Rachel Pearson - We are Tilt __ Bright...Beginners Guide to TikTok for Search - Rachel Pearson - We are Tilt __ Bright...
Beginners Guide to TikTok for Search - Rachel Pearson - We are Tilt __ Bright...
 

ISMB読み会2016