22. Today young people have close to
complete secondary school in most
of the Caribbean …
Schooling of youth 15-24
12
50
10
40
Percentage
60
8
30
6
20
4
10
2
0
0
Dominican Rep.
Barbados
Haiti
Secondary complete (%)
Source: Barro and Lee (2010)
Belize
Trinidad and
Tobago
Tertiary (%)
Guyana
Avg. yrs. (r. axis)
Jamaica
28. Do they have the skills they
need?
Secondary education is academically
oriented
Many secondary graduates do not master
basic skills
Few labor market-oriented courses
Little career counseling
Little help to transition to work
31. Most workers are still employed
in traditional sectors
DR, Jamaica, St. Lucia
Agriculture
15%
Other services (incl.
Education, Real estate)
25%
Public administration
5%
Wholesale & retail
22%
Construction &
utilities
7%
Hotels & restaurants
6%
Manufacturing
10%
Transport, storage &
communications
7%
Mining
1%
Financial & insurance
services
2%
32. More education brings better
pay, but few opportunities
Distribution
St. Lucia monthly income (ECD)
St. Lucia occupations
50%
45%
40%
35%
30%
25%
20%
15%
10%
5%
0%
100%
90%
80%
70%
60%
50%
40%
30%
20%
10%
0%
<200
[201 399]
[400 799]
[800 1,199]
[1,200 - [2,000 - [4,000 - > 6,000
1,999] 3,999] 5,999]
Primary or less Secondary incl.
incomplete
More than
secondary
Public employee
Private Employee
Primary or less
Secondary incl. incomplete
Apprentice
Self-employed
More than secondary
Total
Unpaid Family Worker
Total
Other
For many educated workers there are few options
outside the public sector and education…
33. Source: World Development Indicators (2012)
om
R
.L
St
uc
ia
ep
ub
lic
Ja
m
ai
ca
D
om
in
ic
a
G
uy
an
a
G
re
na
da
Su
ri n
am
e
in
ic
an
An
tig
Be
ua
liz
an
e
Tr
d
in
Ba
id
La
rb
ad
tin
ud
an
a
Am
d
er
To
ic
ba
Tu
a
go
&
rk
s
C
an
ar
ib
d
be
C
ai
an
co
s
St
Is
.K
la
nd
itt
s
s
an
d
N
ev
is
D
0
5
10
15
20
And workers still face high
unemployment…
Unemployment rates, Caribbean & LAC
35. Do their job opportunities
match their aspirations?
High reservation wages
and career goals
Migration prospects
Family/social support
system might delay
independence
Too few jobs!
36. What skills do employers
value?
Honesty/integrity
86%
Work ethic
86%
Problem solving / efficiency
82%
Communication skills
79%
The ability to work well on teams
77%
Taking individual responsibility
68%
Dependability
47%
Computer skills
45%
0%
Source: CKLN (2005)
20%
40%
60%
80%
100%
37. Do firms invest in them?
Percentage of firms that offer training
60%
50%
40%
30%
20%
10%
0%
Small
Medium
Caribbean
Rest LAC
Source: Enterprise Surveys (2010)
Large
38. So…what do we need to ask?
How do we build comprehensive skills at all
levels of schooling?
How do we make sure children are not “left
behind”?
How do we give more value (social and
economic) to technical skills/professions?
How do we take advantage of the global
economy (also a global labor market)?
[Migration vs. brain drain]
How do we create more jobs domestically?
Notas del editor
Historically, the expansion of primary education to the population in the Caribbean Look up % with complete secondary.
At least 60% of secondary graduates enter the labor market, with no technical skills and little generic (num & lit) skills – low relevance of secondary ed for the labor market.People value internships but they are not mandatory and there are too few of them. Education institutions are disconnected from employers
66% are firms with less than 20 employeesReasons for little trainingLack of emphasis and systemic approachPoaching and small size of firmsLow recognition and value of trainingIncipient market for private training
Some things are happening already…HFLE, etc.Children are being left behind by trackingTechnical professions need to have more value, there is a shortage of skilled technicians