This talk is about a position paper suggesting an increase of the usage of Computational Intelligence tools to deal with problems related to the Web of Data

1. Linked Data Meets Computational Intelligence
Christophe Guéret
Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, The Netherlands
KRR Group (head Frank Van Harmelen)
cgueret@few.vu.nl
@cgueret

2. Definition: Linked data (aka WoD)
Knowledge system on the web
Allows interlinking concepts with relations
Contains both content and meaning
Web-based structure thus
Distributed
Free to edit and low entry cost to contribute
Standard based
Linked AI AAAI Spring Symposium - Christophe Guéret 2/13

3. Definition: Computational Intelligence
Branch of AI focused on heuristics
Fuzzy systems
Neural networks
Evolutionary computation
Swarm Intelligence
Artificial Immune Systems
…
Nice in context where exact solutions are
unknown/changing/expensive/unnecessary
Linked AI AAAI Spring Symposium - Christophe Guéret 3/13

4. So why does the WoD needs CI ?
The WoD is messy:
Facts hosted by many different parties
Variety of vocabularies
Varying degrees of preciseness
Facts supplied in an inconsistent fashion
But that's not a bug, it's a feature !
In plus, the WoD is very very big (and growing)
Need to deal with the messiness+scale and focus
on “good enough” answers
Linked AI AAAI Spring Symposium - Christophe Guéret 4/13

5. Evolutionary Computing
Competition to survive in an environment
with limited resources
Inspired by theory of evolution (only best
adapted can survive)
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6. Evolutionary Computing for the WoD ?
Evolutionary-based approaches for
combinatorial optimisation
RDF query answering
Ontology mapping
Iterative guessing process with
improvement of guessing strategy and/or
tested solutions
Linked AI AAAI Spring Symposium - Christophe Guéret 6/13

7. Query engine “eRDF”
?city type City Amsterdam type City
Guess
?city asMayor ?mayor Amsterdam asMayor JobCohen
?mayor name “Job Cohenn” JobCohen name “Job Cohenn”
Check
Amsterdam type City
Amsterdam asMayor JobCohen
JobCohen name “Job Cohenn”
Guess again Output best
Checks with SPARQL ASK (s,p,o)
Join free, (global) index free
Linked AI AAAI Spring Symposium - Christophe Guéret 7/13

8. Collective Intelligence
Individuals showing intelligence when acting
as a group. Notion of emerging behaviour.
Swarms inspired by flocks of birds, social
insects (ants,bees,...), schools of fish, ...
Linked AI AAAI Spring Symposium - Christophe Guéret 8/13

9. Collective intelligence for the WoD ?
Semantic gossiping to overcome problems
related to schema heterogeneity
Swarm-based triple store that self-organise
triples among a set of storing nodes
Autonomous, but collaborative, entities
Take decisions based on local information only
Are not aware of the swarm
Linked AI AAAI Spring Symposium - Christophe Guéret 9/13

10. Swarm-based reasoning
Range beast that knows that whoever
authors something is a person
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11. Pros & Cons
What to gain :
Adaptation, learning
Design simplicity
Natural parallelisation, robustness, scalability
Anytime and interactive behaviour
What to loose/trade :
Determinism (traded for emergence)
Completeness (traded for responsiveness)
Precision (traded for approximated recall)
Linked AI AAAI Spring Symposium - Christophe Guéret 11/13

12. What can CI get from SW ?
Simple, Robust, Approximate
Computational
Semantic Web
Intelligence
?
CI may use SW technologies to replace ad-
hoc knowledge representation techniques
Situated evolution ↔ KB evolution
So far, almost no work in that direction
Linked AI AAAI Spring Symposium - Christophe Guéret 12/13

13. Conclusion / Announcement
There is a lot to investigate and discuss !
Symposium on Computational Intelligence
& The Semantic Web, 28 and 29 of April
th th
in Amsterdam
http://www.few.vu.nl/soks/symposium
Linked AI AAAI Spring Symposium - Christophe Guéret 13/13