1. Proper Citation and Attribution
Avoiding Plagiarism
Lois S. Sadler and Janene Batten
Yale University School of Nursing
2010
2. What is PLAGIARISM?
Use of another person's work without
acknowledgment with the intent to pass it
off as your own
3. What is PLAGIARISM?
Use of another person's work without
acknowledgment with the intent to pass it
off as your own
Buying, stealing, borrowing, or otherwise
obtaining all or part of a paper; hiring
someone to write a paper
4. What is PLAGIARISM?
Use of another person's work without
acknowledgment with the intent to pass it
off as your own
Buying, stealing, borrowing, or otherwise
obtaining all or part of a paper; hiring
someone to write a paper
Submitting the same paper for more than
one class
5. It is a serious offense
It’s easier to track than you
think.
Instructors reading your work have a very
sound knowledge of the field of interest you
are writing about, and can recognize the use
of other’s work.
It is easier than ever to find the source of
plagiarized material.
6. When is plagiarism most likely to
happen?
When assignments or papers are left to the
last minute….plan ahead and stage your
work to avoid last minute writing….
When students are stressed by multiple life or
academic pressures and try to take short cuts
When students are not careful about their
note-taking, or instead of note-taking, copy
and paste actual text into their electronic
notes folder or paper draft….NEVER DO
THIS!
7. Consequences of
Lack of or Inadequate Attribution
YSN - Policy #33
Disciplinary Procedures of the School of
Nursing
http://intranet.nursing.yale.edu/Intranet/Policies/default.aspx?id=33
Hearing
If proven to have plagiarized penalties include
reprimand
probation
suspension
expulsion
In addition YSN may refer students for prosecution
9. How to Avoid Plagiarism
proper and complete citation of
original source of the work
ideas
words
concepts
data
Images
This applies to paraphrasing or summarizing the
work of others as well as direct quotations.
If in doubt, always ask!
16. How to avoid – Research
keep accurate information about sources
never copy and paste text from another
source unless you quote it and cite it as a
quote
if your conclusions are same as someone
else’s acknowledge consensus
17. How to avoid – Helpful Tools
Citation Management Tools
EndNote ($)
RefWorks (Free from the Library)
http://www.med.yale.edu/library/education/guides/subcat
egory/citations
Quosa
Organizes and indexes all your articles and documents
http://www.med.yale.edu/library/education/guides/quosa
18. How to avoid – Writing
organize your work in an original way
give exact attribution
use quotation marks and include page number
when necessary
citations should allow reader to find
material quoted
*see APA Manual 6th Edition pp. 171-172
19. How to avoid – Editing
Ask yourself
is the language my own, even paraphrasing?
is this my original idea?
If not, acknowledge source or rewrite to reflect
your thoughts and wording
21. Citation Resources in detail!
APA Manual 6th Edition!
Required for courses and writing
assignments
Medical Library Info Room
REF20 BF76.7 P83 2010
List price $28.95 ($16 on Amazon)
22. Citation Resources in detail!
Dedicated links
Nursing Librarian’s APA site
http://www.med.yale.edu/library/nursing/research/apa.html
APA Style.org
Style help http://www.apastyle.org/apa-style-help.aspx
Tutorials http://www.apastyle.org/learn/tutorials/index.aspx#false
General Counsel Office - Copyright
http://ogc.yale.edu/legal_reference/copyright.html
Copyright Law and Fair Use
http://www.copyright.gov/
23. Not APA Style??
If writing for a journal that requires a different
style (other than APA)
principles are the same
consult the specific guidelines for authors
concerning the actual citation format
Check the Journal’s/Publisher’s site
Manuscript submission
Instructions to Authors
24. Images
There are databases should you need images:
Image Resources
http://guides.med.yale.edu/images
Before using any images please check
copyright statements for each site
Always cite images found on the Internet
25. Academic Integrity Module
MANDATORY
Complete the YSN Academic Integrity Module
reviews the basic principles of academic
integrity
required for all students as part
of the registration process….
26. Consequences of Lack of Attribution or
Inadequate Attribution -- #1
YSN
Policy #32 Personal Conduct Policy is signed by
all students at entry into YSN
Policy #33 Disciplinary Procedures of the School
of Nursing
In most cases, when lack of attribution is documented by the
faculty, failure of the assignment occurs, followed by the
procedure as outlined in Policy #33
27. Consequences of Lack of Attribution or
Inadequate Attribution -- #2
Within the University
Graduate School refers all allegations to the
Graduate School Committee on Regulations and
Discipline. May result in dismissal from the
University.
http://www.yale.edu/graduateschool/academics/ethics.html
Academic Fraud at Yale University
http://www.yale.edu/grants/policies/academic-fraud.html
28. Consequences of Lack of Attribution or
Inadequate Attribution -- #3
In the larger academic and clinical
community
Professional careers are ended or severely
damaged- Stephen Ambrose, Doris Kearns
Goodwin…others
29. Resources and References
American Psychological Association. (2009). Publication manual of the
American Psychological Association (6th ed.). Washington, DC: American
Psychological Association.
American Psychological Association. (2007). APA style guide to electronic
references. Washington, DC: American Psychological Association.
Yale College Writing Center --
(http://www.yale.edu/bass/writing/sources/plagiarism/what.html)
Yale College and the Graduate School of Arts and Sciences
(http://www.yale.edu/graduateschool/academics/integrity.html)
YSN Personal Conduct Policy
Policy #32
http://intranet.nursing.yale.edu/Intranet/Policies/default.aspx?id=32
Policy # 33
http://intranet.nursing.yale.edu/Intranet/Policies/default.aspx?id=33
