Occupational safety and health (OSH) also commonly referred to as occupational health and safety (OHS) or workplace health and safety (WHS) is an area concerned with the safety, health and welfare of people engaged in work or employment. The goals of occupational safety and health programs include to foster a safe and healthy work environment

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3. Human Resource is the most valuable asset an
organization
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4. Human Resource is the most crucial factor to
determine
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5. Therefore, protecting the human resource is
the topmost responsibility of the management.
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7. Accidents can cause disability or death
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8. Good heath and safety measures improve
organizational productivity
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9. Increased rate of accidents can affect the
morale of employees
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10. Repetition of accidents can cause unease
among the employees
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11. • Medical Fees
• Hospitalization Expenses
• compensation paid (workmen
compensation ordinance)
• Decrease productivity and
decrease profits
• Hiring and training new
employees
• Waste of management time
Accidents
are costly
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Ensure mental heath
Ensure physical
heath
Ensure social heath

14. Physical and Psychological well being of
employees within and outside the workplace.
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Creating a working environment that is free of
accidents and occupational diseases

15. Factors
Environmental
Factory Mangers
are directly
responsible
Health and Safety
Responsibility is
with everyone
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16. A hazard is a situation that poses a level of threat
to life heath property or environment.
A hazardous situation that has come to pass is called
an incident.
Hazard and possibility interact together to creates a
risk
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17. Physical hazards
Chemical hazards
Biological
hazards
Psycho-socio
hazards
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18. Heat
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19. Coldness
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21. Noise
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22. Vibration
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23. Pressure
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24. Radiation
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25. Gasses
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26. Fumes
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27. Solids or Liquids
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28. Dusts
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29.  Contact with skin, eyes, or oral intake
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30.  Some chemical will have immediate
reactions
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31. It can affect internal organs
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32. Contact with skin, eyes, or oral intake
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33. Handling Animals
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34. Animal products with infections
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35. Dissatisfaction
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37. Frustration
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38.  Can affect the organization as a whole
 Nature of the job
 Role of the person
 Interpersonal relations
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39.  Interpersonal relationships
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40.  Career development pressure is the most
common factor for psycho-socio hazard
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41.  In essence it is the study of designing
equipment and devices that fit the human
body and its cognitive abilities
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48. Match the man to the job
Provide the right tool to work
Encourage to practice right postures
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49. An accident, mishap (misfortune), or, more
archaically, misadventure, is an unforeseen and
unplanned event or circumstance, often with
lack of intention or necessity.
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50. An accident is a result of a series
of predisposed events which
leads to unsafe acts or persons
and/or unsafe environment
•Dr. H.W Henrich
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51. Accidents
Unsafe Acts
Improper
Training
Stress
Unsafe
Procedure
Unsafe Work
Environment
Unsafe
Machines
Unsafe Physical
Environment
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52.  Improper training
 Unsafe procedures
 Stress
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62.  Unsafe Machinery
 Unsafe Physical Environment
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63.  Dangerous components of the machines
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64.  Types of the materials used in the production
process & possible hazards
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65.  Safety guards to cover dangerous parts
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66.  Use of Personal Protective Equipments (PPF)
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67.  Operational Procedure
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68.  Although, a proper training is given, the
organization may be using wrong
1. Procedures
2. Practices
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69. Stress
Psychological
Stress
Physical
Stress
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70.  Unsafe machines
 Unsafe physical environment
 Unsafe chemicals
 Unsafe personal acts
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71.  Check for and remove any unsafe conditions
 Use a check list
 If the hazard can not be totally removed, take
precautions
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72.  Try to screen out employees who might be
more prone to accidents
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73.  Establish a safety policy ( focused on avoiding
accidents)
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74.  Set specific safety goals to be achieved
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75.  Encourage and train employees to be safety
conscious
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76.  Encourage to follow safety rules and take
precautions
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77.  Conduct health and safety inspections
regularly
 Investigate all accidents and
 Commutating employees about them
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78.  Conduct health and safety inspections
regularly
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79.  Thorough genuine top management
contribute
1. Being personally involved in safety activities
2. Giving high priority to safety measures
3. Appointing a safety officer
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80.  How to treat an employee who has met with
an accident with the work place
 His salary
 Benefits
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81.  How to maintain a factory environment
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82.  Proper ventilation and illumination
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83.  Walk ways and safety measures
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84.  Preventive measures
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85.  Welfare of the employees
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86.  Legal recognition to health and safety
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87.  Factories should be maintained clean
 Accumulated dirt and dust should be
removed from floor, benches, work rooms,
staircases and passages
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88.  Floor should be clean (Washing and
Sweeping)
 Factory environment should not be over
crowded
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89.  Reasonable temperature with adequate
ventilation and illumination
 Sufficient and suitable sanitary
conveniences/separately to each sex
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90.  Any machinery should be securely fenced and
fixed
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91.  Any vessel containing dangerous substances
should be covered
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92.  Every hoist or lift should be of good
mechanical constructions (should be
examined by a qualified person periodically)
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93.  Fire evacuation plans/fire fighting appliances
should be installed
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94.  Floor, steps, stairs, passage ways should be
of sound construction.
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95.  Specific safety requirements should be
provided for operation and maintenance of
steam boilers
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99.  Adequate supply of suitable drinking water
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100.  Adequate & suitable washing facilities should
be provided
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101.  Adequate and suitable accommodation
facilities
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102.  A first Aid box should be provided to each
department
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103.  Adequate and suitable facilities for resting
and dining (Male and female separately)
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104.  Notification of accidents and records of
accidents
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105.  Officers have been appointed by the
department of labour (power to inspect any
factory any time)
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106.  Commissioner of labour is empowered to
drive the ordinance
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107.  Administrative offices established
1. Colombo North
2. Colombo South
3. Anuradhapura
4. Jaffna
5. Kandy
6. Kurunegala
7. Matara
8. Rathnapura
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108.  Hierarchy to handle any industrial health and
safety issues
Chief Factory Inspecting Engineer
Deputy Chief Factory Inspecting Engineer
Special Factory Inspecting Engineer
District Factory Inspecting Engineer
Factory Inspecting Engineers
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109.  Safety management is identifying problem
areas and planning out prevention methods
and safety procedures prior to the occurrence
of accidents
 Proactive measures
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110.  To make environment safe
 To make the job safe
 To make workers to adhere to safety
conditions
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111.  Properly planned equipments
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112.  Safe systems and methods of work
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113.  Sufficient man power to carry out work
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114.  Reasonable competencies
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115.  Proper induction and training
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116.  Proper supervision
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117.  Adequate safety measures
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118.  Cost benefit
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119.  Safe environment for social responsibility
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120.  Better industrial relations
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121.  High morale and high productivity
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122.  Enhanced cooperation between employees
and employer
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123.  Increased insurance cost
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124.  Cost of benefits and compensation to injured
employees
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125.  Medical cost
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126.  Legal cost
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127.  Future claims for related injuries
 Work interruptions
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128. 1. Identifying problem areas
2. Planning of safety procedures
3. Implementation and controlling
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129. Education
 Get people to think of safety
 Safety awareness
 Safety slogans and posters
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130. Skill Training
 Incorporate accident prevention in learning
process
 Provide skills to handle dangerous machinery
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131. Engineering
 Engineering improvements in machinery
 Equipment designing
 Job designing
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132. Protection
 Providing protective equipments
 Safety shoes
 Gloves
 Hard hats
 Safety glasses
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