material handling in industry

1. 1

2. *
All material handling should be the result of a
deliberate plan where the needs, performance
objectives and functional specification of the
proposed methods are completely defined at the
outset.
Definition: A plan is a prescribed course of action that is defined in advance of
implementation. In its simplest form a material handing plan defines the material
(what) and the moves (when and where); together they define the method (how and
who).
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3. Material movement and storage activities
should be fully integrated to form a coordinated,
operational system which spans receiving, inspection,
storage, production, assembly, packaging, unitizing,
order selection, shipping, transportation and the
handling of returns.
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Definition: A system is a collection of interacting and/or interdependent entities
that form a unified whole.
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4. Reduce, combine or eliminate unnecessary
movements of equipment. Deliver the material
at correct place, Eliminate rehandling, Reduce
variety of equipment's
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5. Material flow should be based on lay out or
operation sequence. Avoid over crowding,
Eliminate obstacles on the way. Move greatest
weight for least distance. Plan related area of
work together.
Principle
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6. Utilize gravity where possible. Use slides,
chutes, hoppers wherever possible.
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7. *
Unit loads shall be appropriately sized
and configured in a way which achieves the
material flow and inventory objectives at each
stage in the supply chain.
Definition: A unit load is one that can be stored or moved as a singleentity
at one time, such as a pallet, container or tote, regardless of the
number of individual items that make up the load.
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8. Effective and efficient use must be made of all
available space.
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Definition: Space in material handling is three dimensional and
therefore is counted as cubic space.
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9. Safe handling methods and equipment for better
working condition, provide guards, Handling
equipment must be in good working conditions.
High light danger areas, Disposal of fumes,
smoke, dust, Keep floor clean, Keep aisles clear
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10. *
Use of mechanized handling equipment where
quantities are large, long and frequent, Replace
manual handling where large no. of man power is
required with mechanized handling. e.g. earth
moving equipment, concrete mixture
Definition: Automation is a technology concerned with the application of
electro-mechanical devices, electronics and computer-based systems to
operate and control production and service activities. It suggests the
linking of multiple mechanical operations to create a system that can be
controlled by programmed instructions.
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11. Select equipment which is capable of handling
variety of tasks. Buy adjustable racks. Buy versatile
equipment. Use accessories or attachments.
e.g. Vacuum cleaner
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12. Select the equipment after considering all
aspects of material movements and the method.
Cost per unit handling must be considered. It is a
long term investment.
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13. *
Material handling methods, equipment, controls
and software should be standardized within the
limits of achieving overall performance
objectives and without sacrificing needed
flexibility , modularity and throughput.
Definition: Standardization means less variety and
customization in the methods and
equipment employed.
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14. Reduce weight of the equipment. It should have
less dead weight to pay load ratio. Use light
weight pallets, containers, skids.
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15. It should have less idle time. Reduce loading and
unloading time. Use tractor trailer for loading
and unloading and tractor can be used for some
other purpose. Minimum down time
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16. Reduce unproductive time or idle time. Deliver
material at desired rate. Use unskilled labour.
Equipment must be fully utilized.
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17. Obsolete equipment must be replaced by new
one or the latest one.
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18. Use preventive maintenance for the equipment.
Daily maintenance. Train the operators.
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19. Control production and inventory by material
handling equipment. Material should be moved
with lots, batches or containers. Movement of
the material as per schedule.
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20. Production capacity must be fully achieved.
Ensure desired rate flow of the material. Plan to
utilize forward and return trips. Utilize over
head space. Wider aisles for speedy movements
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21. Performance of the equipment must be
measured in terms of cost per unit of handling,
safe working conditions etc.
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22. *
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