Laves presentation practical experiences in the culling of poultry in germany

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Niedersächsisches Landesamt
für Verbraucherschutz und
Lebensmittelsicherheit
Dr. Ursula Gerdes
Dr. Josef Diekmann
Dipl.-Ing. Rainer Thomes
Lower Saxony state office for consumer protection and food safety
Practical experiences in the culling
of poultry in Germany

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Practical experiences in Germany
1. Container cap with carbon dioxide (CO2)
2. Electrocution with mobile units
3. Stable gassing with CO2
4. Backyard flocks units

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1. Container cap with carbon dioxide (CO2)

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1. Container cap with CO2
Netherland, 8th March 2003

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• Capacity: 1.500 to 3.000 birds / h per cap
• 13 caps are owned by rendering plants in Lower Saxony
• Total capacity with an estimated effectiv number of 1.500
birds / h (included setup time) and a 16 hour working period
⇒ about 312.000 birds / day

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Advantages
• low costs in production and storage
all technique is located in the cap, cap is service free, standard
container stay unchanged
• supplying of birds to the cap can be done with boxes, by
hand, with elevators, conveyor belts etc.
• can be used for laying hens (laying battery, free run
stables) and chicken, also for peking ducks (geese?)

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Disadvantages
relativ high carbon dioxide consumption
needs a well rehearsed logistic :
1. gas bottle bundles, no single 37-kg-bottles!
2. fittings (compressed gas regulator, metal tubes, gas heatings),
3. large pick up crew (10 - 20 persons)
4. Lift, stairs, elevators upon the cap neccessary

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hooks – positive electrode
water bath – negative electrode
transformer (250 V)
motor (< 1 kW)

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• Capacity: 2.500 to 6.000 birds / h
• 5 mobile units located in Lower Saxony,
service contract with producer
• total capacity with an estimated effectiv number
of 3.000 birds per hour and a 16 hour working day:
⇒ 240.000 birds / d

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Geese culling with mobile electrocution unit

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Disadvantages
• Expensive: about € 40.000,-
• birds have to be hooked in still living (animal welfare)
• not adequate for small birds -
birds below 800 grams fall through the hooks

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Advantages
• no stand by contract needed = low running costs
• no complex logistics, very short setup-time
• Inside use
• electrical parameters easy to measure
• sufficient for water fowl
• fixed chain speed: culling depends NOT on working speed
of crew

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without thermal evaporator

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• Capacity: 5 - 10 stables per road tanker (20 tons) and day
⇒ 2 - 3 turkey farms each with 3 to 5 stables
• Total capacity depends on number of available CO2 road tankers,
estimated 8 to 16 in Germany
• Stand by contracts in Germany with Air Liquide and LINDE Gas,
each with 1 - 3 teams available after 48 hours

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Stable gassing turkey – „Lousiana stable“

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carbon dioxide outlets
(6 mm, one left, one right)
coated fire hoses

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carbon dioxide overflow
at the curtains when
about 30 volume percent
of carbon dioxid
concentration is reached

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birds are laying in the same position as
they were standing before discharging
of carbon dioxide –
no shortening reaction to be seen

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birds adopted a relaxed position –
only a few animals show ophistotonus

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• technique of gass supply very expensive and available only in small
amounts (road tankers)
• Good skilled team necessary (provided by company)
• Needs partitioning at very large stable volumes
• Has not been tested on water fowls (ducks, geese)
3. Stable gassing with CO2 - disadvantages

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• Very fast culling of a flock in accordance with animal welfare principles
(1 hour / stable house)
• team size 5 to 6 persons (2 to 3 by gas supplying company)
• Also applicable to multi-level cagings
• no requirements to stable sealings –
• CO2 good available, cheap, (0,20 € / kg)
• no need to handle still living birds
3. Stable gassing with CO2 - advantages

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• Container cap: 312.000 birds / d
• electrocution mobile units: 240.000 birds / d
• stable gassing: 200.000 birds / d
(rough estimate for the first weeks:
2 road tanker each with 20 tons CO2,
each 5 chicken fattening stables with 20.000 chickens
• theoretical total capacity: about 752.000 birds / d
Total capacity in Lower Saxony

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4. Small container – 1.000 litres

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4. Small container
standpipe
carbon dioxide
bottle bundle
1.000 litres
stainless
steel
container
(standard
in slaughter
houses)
carbon
dioxide
analyzers
revolver
drum
opening
carbon
dioxide
„snow
pipe“

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5. Dry ice method – dust bin and snow pipe

Laves presentation practical experiences in the culling of poultry in germany

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Laves presentation practical experiences in the culling of poultry in germany