2.  a multi-faceted theory of classroom
management
 based on 4 key concepts
 Identifying & addressing mistaken goals of
misbehaviour
 Being democratic rather than autocratic/ permissive
teachers
 Using logical consequences rather than punishment
 Awareness of the difference between praise and
encouragement

3.  Key Concept 1: Mistaken goals
 Attention seeking (more dominant in young
children)
 Power seeking (behaviours include disobedience,
talking back, or overt resistance)
 Revenge (behaviours include stealing, kicking, and
intentionally hurting others)
 Feelings of inadequacy (helplessness or inferiority)

4.  Key Concept 2: Being democratic VS autocratic
or permissive
 Treating students as individuals & with respect
 Modelling respect at all times
 Treating students with dignity, firmness & kindness
 Allowing students to help make important class
decisions
 Using instructional methods that meet individual
students’ learning needs & interests

5.  Key Concept 3: Logical consequences VS
punishment
 Simple, specific classroom rules must first exist, after
which a sequence of logical consequences can be laid
down
 Use punishment ONLY when all logical
consequences have been exhausted
 Possibility of students devising their OWN
classroom rules & logical consequences

6.  Key Concept 4: Praise VS encouragement
 More encouragement to boost confidence & self
esteem
 Encouragement keeps students on task & minimizes
disruption
 Less praise to reduce students’ dependency on it
 Praise may have a discouraging effect in the long
run: a decrease in the amt of praise may lead to a
decrease in self-worth

7.  Advantages
 Promotes respect & communication among teachers
& students
 Students take responsibility for their own actions
 Concept of logical consequences when used
consistently, provide a fair & basic element
 Complements good teaching (caring classroom
community, student-centered instructions, student-
teacher collaboration)
 Potential for contributing to the safe schools movt.

8.  Disadvantages
 Difficulty at times in identifying & understanding
reasons for misbehaviour
 Inability to always respond properly to
misbehaviour and provide logical consequences
 Inappropriate for tackling more serious problems
 Teachers who are inherently autocratic or permissive
might have difficulty adopting democratic
perspectives