SlideShare una empresa de Scribd logo
1 de 27
Seminar
“Multicultural Texts and Voices”
(R.R. 345/14)
Universidad Católica de Salta
06 y 07 de junio de 2014
Proyecto de investigación
Consejo de Investigaciones de la Universidad Católica de Salta
Identidad y migración
en discursos anglófonos
(Res. Rec. Nº 560/11)
EQUIPO DE INVESTIGACION:
ALEMAN, MARIA JOSE
COMPANY, SUSANA MARIA
IRRAZABAL PAZ, FERNANDA
LOUTAYF, SOLEDAD
MICHEL, MARIA MARTA
Border pedagogy
Giroux states the need to be open to
different voices and traditions, in an
ongoing attempt to eliminate forms of
subjective and objective suffering, so
that the act of communicating and
living extends rather than restricts the
creation of democratic public
spheres.
H. Giroux, Border Pedagogy as Postmodern
Resistance (1991)
Border pedagogy offers students the opportunity to:
 access multiple cultural codes, experiences, and
languages
 become media literate in a world of changing
representations
 access the knowledge and social relations that
enable them to read critically
 appreciate how texts express and represent
different ideological interests
 regard texts as social and historical constructions
 analyze texts in terms of presences and absences
 read dialogically through a configuration of many
voices
students as border-crossers
cultural borders historically
constructed and socially organized
with rules and regulations
borders of meaning, maps of
knowledge, social relations, and
values are negotiated and rewritten
as the codes and regulations become
destabilized and reshaped.
“coming to voice”
engaging in discussions of cultural
texts, drawing upon one’s personal
experience, and confronting the
process through which ethnicity and
power can be rethought as a political
narrative that challenges racism as
part of a broader struggle to
democratize social, political, and
economic life.
multiple positions and experiences that
allow teachers and students to speak in
and with many complex and different
voices.
many voices are allowed to speak to
initiate students into a culture that
multiplies rather than restricts
democratic practices and social relations
as part of a wider struggle for
democratic public life.
H. Giroux
Cultural Identity
Cultural identity, is a matter of
'becoming' as well as of 'being'.
It belongs to the future as much as to
the past.
It undergoes constant transformation.
It is subject to the continuous 'play' of
history, culture and power.
In-betweeness or liminality
A threshold from where one gets on and
off during the process of identity
construction.
The space where migrants move with the
freedom of reinventing themselves.
(Kral, 2009)
Pat Mora (b. 1942, El Paso,
Texas)
Día
El día de los niños, El día de los libros/Children's 
Day, Book Day 
April 30th and every day of the year
In 1996, author Pat Mora learned about the
Mexican tradition of celebrating April 30th as El
día del niño, the day of the child. Pat thought,
“We have Mother’s Day and Father’s Day. Yes!
We need kids’ day too, but I want to connect
all children with bookjoy, the pleasure of
reading.”
http://www.patmora.com/whats-dia/
“Immigrants”
by Pat Mora
What is an immigrant?
Who is an immigrant?
What associations does the
word bring about?
Immigrants
Pat Mora
wrap their babies in the American flag,
feed them mashed hot dogs and apple pie,
name them Bill and Daisy,
buy them blonde dolls that blink blue
eyes or a football and tiny cleats
before the baby can even walk,
speak to them in thick English,
hallo, babee, hallo,
whisper in Spanish or Polish
when the babies sleep, whisper
in a dark parent bed, that dark
parent fear, “Will they like
our boy, our girl, our fine American
boy, our fine American girl?”
The immigrant has been made into something
resembling an alien. He is an example of the
undead, who will invade, colonise and
contaminate, a figure we can never quite
digest or vomit.
Unlike other monsters, the foreign body of the
immigrant is unslayable. Resembling a zombie
in a video game, he is impossible to kill or
finally eliminate not only because he is already
silent and dead, but also because there are
waves of other similar immigrants just over the
border coming right at you.
Hanif Kureishi, The migrant has no face, status or
story, The Guardian
Others only have the power we give them. The
immigrant is a collective hallucination forged in our
own minds. This ever developing notion, like God or
the devil, is an important creation, being part of
ourselves, but the paranoiac, looking wildly around,
can never see that the foreign body is inside him. Of
course not: when the world is divided so definitively
into the Hollywood binaries of good and bad, no one
can think clearly. Hate skews reality even more than
love. If the limits of the world are made by language,
we need better words for all this. The idea of the
immigrant creates anxiety only because he is
unknown and has to be kept that way.
Hanif Kureishi, The migrant has no face, status or story, The Guardian
Look, don’t identify me by the size and shape of my body, my social
class, my job, my gender, my ethnicity, my sexuality, my nationality, my
age, my religion, my education, my friends, my lifestyle, how much
money I earn, the clothes I wear, the books I read, where I go shopping,
the way I decorate my house, the television programmes and movies I
watch, my leisure and sports activities, the car I drive, the music I listen
to, the drinks I like, the food I eat, the clubs I go to, where I go on holiday,
the way I speak or my accent, the things I say, the things I do, or what I
believe in. I’m just me. OK?’
Culture and Identity. Published by: Mohammed K AlShakhori on Sep 23, 2013
“Legal Alien” by Pat Mora
Legal Alien, by Pat Mora
Bi-lingual, Bi-cultural,
able to slip from "How's life?"
to "Me'stan volviendo loca,"
able to sit in a paneled office
drafting memos in smooth English,
able to order in fluent Spanish
at a Mexican restaurant,
American but hyphenated,
viewed by Anglos as perhaps exotic,
perhaps inferior, definitely different,
viewed by Mexicans as alien,
(their eyes say, "You may speak
Spanish but you're not like me")
an American to Mexicans
a Mexican to Americans
a handy token
sliding back and forth
between the fringes of both worlds
by smiling
by masking the discomfort
of being pre-judged Bi-laterally.
LET’S “TECH IT UP”!
Tagxedo
Wordle
Edmodo
THANK YOU!

Más contenido relacionado

Similar a Workshop on Pat Mora

interculturalcommunicationandunderstanding101-120811171308-phpapp02.ppt
interculturalcommunicationandunderstanding101-120811171308-phpapp02.pptinterculturalcommunicationandunderstanding101-120811171308-phpapp02.ppt
interculturalcommunicationandunderstanding101-120811171308-phpapp02.pptArlynAyag
 
9162015Final-Volume-1-Issue-1-Orphée-Noir-September-2015
9162015Final-Volume-1-Issue-1-Orphée-Noir-September-20159162015Final-Volume-1-Issue-1-Orphée-Noir-September-2015
9162015Final-Volume-1-Issue-1-Orphée-Noir-September-2015Alexander Adames
 
Language and Cultural Identity
Language and Cultural IdentityLanguage and Cultural Identity
Language and Cultural IdentityAiden Yeh
 
Discrimination Essay. Prejudice And Discrimination - GCSE Religious Studies P...
Discrimination Essay. Prejudice And Discrimination - GCSE Religious Studies P...Discrimination Essay. Prejudice And Discrimination - GCSE Religious Studies P...
Discrimination Essay. Prejudice And Discrimination - GCSE Religious Studies P...Lauren Davis
 
Language and Power ReaderVictor Villanueva, Robert EddyP.docx
Language and Power ReaderVictor Villanueva, Robert EddyP.docxLanguage and Power ReaderVictor Villanueva, Robert EddyP.docx
Language and Power ReaderVictor Villanueva, Robert EddyP.docxsmile790243
 

Similar a Workshop on Pat Mora (9)

interculturalcommunicationandunderstanding101-120811171308-phpapp02.ppt
interculturalcommunicationandunderstanding101-120811171308-phpapp02.pptinterculturalcommunicationandunderstanding101-120811171308-phpapp02.ppt
interculturalcommunicationandunderstanding101-120811171308-phpapp02.ppt
 
Essay About Race
Essay About RaceEssay About Race
Essay About Race
 
9162015Final-Volume-1-Issue-1-Orphée-Noir-September-2015
9162015Final-Volume-1-Issue-1-Orphée-Noir-September-20159162015Final-Volume-1-Issue-1-Orphée-Noir-September-2015
9162015Final-Volume-1-Issue-1-Orphée-Noir-September-2015
 
343002 week 3
343002 week 3343002 week 3
343002 week 3
 
343002 week 3
343002 week 3343002 week 3
343002 week 3
 
Essays On Multiculturalism
Essays On MulticulturalismEssays On Multiculturalism
Essays On Multiculturalism
 
Language and Cultural Identity
Language and Cultural IdentityLanguage and Cultural Identity
Language and Cultural Identity
 
Discrimination Essay. Prejudice And Discrimination - GCSE Religious Studies P...
Discrimination Essay. Prejudice And Discrimination - GCSE Religious Studies P...Discrimination Essay. Prejudice And Discrimination - GCSE Religious Studies P...
Discrimination Essay. Prejudice And Discrimination - GCSE Religious Studies P...
 
Language and Power ReaderVictor Villanueva, Robert EddyP.docx
Language and Power ReaderVictor Villanueva, Robert EddyP.docxLanguage and Power ReaderVictor Villanueva, Robert EddyP.docx
Language and Power ReaderVictor Villanueva, Robert EddyP.docx
 

Último

Google Gemini An AI Revolution in Education.pptx
Google Gemini An AI Revolution in Education.pptxGoogle Gemini An AI Revolution in Education.pptx
Google Gemini An AI Revolution in Education.pptxDr. Sarita Anand
 
HMCS Max Bernays Pre-Deployment Brief (May 2024).pptx
HMCS Max Bernays Pre-Deployment Brief (May 2024).pptxHMCS Max Bernays Pre-Deployment Brief (May 2024).pptx
HMCS Max Bernays Pre-Deployment Brief (May 2024).pptxEsquimalt MFRC
 
Salient Features of India constitution especially power and functions
Salient Features of India constitution especially power and functionsSalient Features of India constitution especially power and functions
Salient Features of India constitution especially power and functionsKarakKing
 
HMCS Vancouver Pre-Deployment Brief - May 2024 (Web Version).pptx
HMCS Vancouver Pre-Deployment Brief - May 2024 (Web Version).pptxHMCS Vancouver Pre-Deployment Brief - May 2024 (Web Version).pptx
HMCS Vancouver Pre-Deployment Brief - May 2024 (Web Version).pptxmarlenawright1
 
How to Give a Domain for a Field in Odoo 17
How to Give a Domain for a Field in Odoo 17How to Give a Domain for a Field in Odoo 17
How to Give a Domain for a Field in Odoo 17Celine George
 
Jual Obat Aborsi Hongkong ( Asli No.1 ) 085657271886 Obat Penggugur Kandungan...
Jual Obat Aborsi Hongkong ( Asli No.1 ) 085657271886 Obat Penggugur Kandungan...Jual Obat Aborsi Hongkong ( Asli No.1 ) 085657271886 Obat Penggugur Kandungan...
Jual Obat Aborsi Hongkong ( Asli No.1 ) 085657271886 Obat Penggugur Kandungan...ZurliaSoop
 
Key note speaker Neum_Admir Softic_ENG.pdf
Key note speaker Neum_Admir Softic_ENG.pdfKey note speaker Neum_Admir Softic_ENG.pdf
Key note speaker Neum_Admir Softic_ENG.pdfAdmir Softic
 
2024-NATIONAL-LEARNING-CAMP-AND-OTHER.pptx
2024-NATIONAL-LEARNING-CAMP-AND-OTHER.pptx2024-NATIONAL-LEARNING-CAMP-AND-OTHER.pptx
2024-NATIONAL-LEARNING-CAMP-AND-OTHER.pptxMaritesTamaniVerdade
 
Exploring_the_Narrative_Style_of_Amitav_Ghoshs_Gun_Island.pptx
Exploring_the_Narrative_Style_of_Amitav_Ghoshs_Gun_Island.pptxExploring_the_Narrative_Style_of_Amitav_Ghoshs_Gun_Island.pptx
Exploring_the_Narrative_Style_of_Amitav_Ghoshs_Gun_Island.pptxPooja Bhuva
 
Micro-Scholarship, What it is, How can it help me.pdf
Micro-Scholarship, What it is, How can it help me.pdfMicro-Scholarship, What it is, How can it help me.pdf
Micro-Scholarship, What it is, How can it help me.pdfPoh-Sun Goh
 
REMIFENTANIL: An Ultra short acting opioid.pptx
REMIFENTANIL: An Ultra short acting opioid.pptxREMIFENTANIL: An Ultra short acting opioid.pptx
REMIFENTANIL: An Ultra short acting opioid.pptxDr. Ravikiran H M Gowda
 
Sensory_Experience_and_Emotional_Resonance_in_Gabriel_Okaras_The_Piano_and_Th...
Sensory_Experience_and_Emotional_Resonance_in_Gabriel_Okaras_The_Piano_and_Th...Sensory_Experience_and_Emotional_Resonance_in_Gabriel_Okaras_The_Piano_and_Th...
Sensory_Experience_and_Emotional_Resonance_in_Gabriel_Okaras_The_Piano_and_Th...Pooja Bhuva
 
This PowerPoint helps students to consider the concept of infinity.
This PowerPoint helps students to consider the concept of infinity.This PowerPoint helps students to consider the concept of infinity.
This PowerPoint helps students to consider the concept of infinity.christianmathematics
 
The basics of sentences session 3pptx.pptx
The basics of sentences session 3pptx.pptxThe basics of sentences session 3pptx.pptx
The basics of sentences session 3pptx.pptxheathfieldcps1
 
Wellbeing inclusion and digital dystopias.pptx
Wellbeing inclusion and digital dystopias.pptxWellbeing inclusion and digital dystopias.pptx
Wellbeing inclusion and digital dystopias.pptxJisc
 
Fostering Friendships - Enhancing Social Bonds in the Classroom
Fostering Friendships - Enhancing Social Bonds  in the ClassroomFostering Friendships - Enhancing Social Bonds  in the Classroom
Fostering Friendships - Enhancing Social Bonds in the ClassroomPooky Knightsmith
 
ICT role in 21st century education and it's challenges.
ICT role in 21st century education and it's challenges.ICT role in 21st century education and it's challenges.
ICT role in 21st century education and it's challenges.MaryamAhmad92
 
FSB Advising Checklist - Orientation 2024
FSB Advising Checklist - Orientation 2024FSB Advising Checklist - Orientation 2024
FSB Advising Checklist - Orientation 2024Elizabeth Walsh
 
Graduate Outcomes Presentation Slides - English
Graduate Outcomes Presentation Slides - EnglishGraduate Outcomes Presentation Slides - English
Graduate Outcomes Presentation Slides - Englishneillewis46
 
Application orientated numerical on hev.ppt
Application orientated numerical on hev.pptApplication orientated numerical on hev.ppt
Application orientated numerical on hev.pptRamjanShidvankar
 

Último (20)

Google Gemini An AI Revolution in Education.pptx
Google Gemini An AI Revolution in Education.pptxGoogle Gemini An AI Revolution in Education.pptx
Google Gemini An AI Revolution in Education.pptx
 
HMCS Max Bernays Pre-Deployment Brief (May 2024).pptx
HMCS Max Bernays Pre-Deployment Brief (May 2024).pptxHMCS Max Bernays Pre-Deployment Brief (May 2024).pptx
HMCS Max Bernays Pre-Deployment Brief (May 2024).pptx
 
Salient Features of India constitution especially power and functions
Salient Features of India constitution especially power and functionsSalient Features of India constitution especially power and functions
Salient Features of India constitution especially power and functions
 
HMCS Vancouver Pre-Deployment Brief - May 2024 (Web Version).pptx
HMCS Vancouver Pre-Deployment Brief - May 2024 (Web Version).pptxHMCS Vancouver Pre-Deployment Brief - May 2024 (Web Version).pptx
HMCS Vancouver Pre-Deployment Brief - May 2024 (Web Version).pptx
 
How to Give a Domain for a Field in Odoo 17
How to Give a Domain for a Field in Odoo 17How to Give a Domain for a Field in Odoo 17
How to Give a Domain for a Field in Odoo 17
 
Jual Obat Aborsi Hongkong ( Asli No.1 ) 085657271886 Obat Penggugur Kandungan...
Jual Obat Aborsi Hongkong ( Asli No.1 ) 085657271886 Obat Penggugur Kandungan...Jual Obat Aborsi Hongkong ( Asli No.1 ) 085657271886 Obat Penggugur Kandungan...
Jual Obat Aborsi Hongkong ( Asli No.1 ) 085657271886 Obat Penggugur Kandungan...
 
Key note speaker Neum_Admir Softic_ENG.pdf
Key note speaker Neum_Admir Softic_ENG.pdfKey note speaker Neum_Admir Softic_ENG.pdf
Key note speaker Neum_Admir Softic_ENG.pdf
 
2024-NATIONAL-LEARNING-CAMP-AND-OTHER.pptx
2024-NATIONAL-LEARNING-CAMP-AND-OTHER.pptx2024-NATIONAL-LEARNING-CAMP-AND-OTHER.pptx
2024-NATIONAL-LEARNING-CAMP-AND-OTHER.pptx
 
Exploring_the_Narrative_Style_of_Amitav_Ghoshs_Gun_Island.pptx
Exploring_the_Narrative_Style_of_Amitav_Ghoshs_Gun_Island.pptxExploring_the_Narrative_Style_of_Amitav_Ghoshs_Gun_Island.pptx
Exploring_the_Narrative_Style_of_Amitav_Ghoshs_Gun_Island.pptx
 
Micro-Scholarship, What it is, How can it help me.pdf
Micro-Scholarship, What it is, How can it help me.pdfMicro-Scholarship, What it is, How can it help me.pdf
Micro-Scholarship, What it is, How can it help me.pdf
 
REMIFENTANIL: An Ultra short acting opioid.pptx
REMIFENTANIL: An Ultra short acting opioid.pptxREMIFENTANIL: An Ultra short acting opioid.pptx
REMIFENTANIL: An Ultra short acting opioid.pptx
 
Sensory_Experience_and_Emotional_Resonance_in_Gabriel_Okaras_The_Piano_and_Th...
Sensory_Experience_and_Emotional_Resonance_in_Gabriel_Okaras_The_Piano_and_Th...Sensory_Experience_and_Emotional_Resonance_in_Gabriel_Okaras_The_Piano_and_Th...
Sensory_Experience_and_Emotional_Resonance_in_Gabriel_Okaras_The_Piano_and_Th...
 
This PowerPoint helps students to consider the concept of infinity.
This PowerPoint helps students to consider the concept of infinity.This PowerPoint helps students to consider the concept of infinity.
This PowerPoint helps students to consider the concept of infinity.
 
The basics of sentences session 3pptx.pptx
The basics of sentences session 3pptx.pptxThe basics of sentences session 3pptx.pptx
The basics of sentences session 3pptx.pptx
 
Wellbeing inclusion and digital dystopias.pptx
Wellbeing inclusion and digital dystopias.pptxWellbeing inclusion and digital dystopias.pptx
Wellbeing inclusion and digital dystopias.pptx
 
Fostering Friendships - Enhancing Social Bonds in the Classroom
Fostering Friendships - Enhancing Social Bonds  in the ClassroomFostering Friendships - Enhancing Social Bonds  in the Classroom
Fostering Friendships - Enhancing Social Bonds in the Classroom
 
ICT role in 21st century education and it's challenges.
ICT role in 21st century education and it's challenges.ICT role in 21st century education and it's challenges.
ICT role in 21st century education and it's challenges.
 
FSB Advising Checklist - Orientation 2024
FSB Advising Checklist - Orientation 2024FSB Advising Checklist - Orientation 2024
FSB Advising Checklist - Orientation 2024
 
Graduate Outcomes Presentation Slides - English
Graduate Outcomes Presentation Slides - EnglishGraduate Outcomes Presentation Slides - English
Graduate Outcomes Presentation Slides - English
 
Application orientated numerical on hev.ppt
Application orientated numerical on hev.pptApplication orientated numerical on hev.ppt
Application orientated numerical on hev.ppt
 

Workshop on Pat Mora

  • 1. Seminar “Multicultural Texts and Voices” (R.R. 345/14) Universidad Católica de Salta 06 y 07 de junio de 2014
  • 2. Proyecto de investigación Consejo de Investigaciones de la Universidad Católica de Salta Identidad y migración en discursos anglófonos (Res. Rec. Nº 560/11) EQUIPO DE INVESTIGACION: ALEMAN, MARIA JOSE COMPANY, SUSANA MARIA IRRAZABAL PAZ, FERNANDA LOUTAYF, SOLEDAD MICHEL, MARIA MARTA
  • 3. Border pedagogy Giroux states the need to be open to different voices and traditions, in an ongoing attempt to eliminate forms of subjective and objective suffering, so that the act of communicating and living extends rather than restricts the creation of democratic public spheres. H. Giroux, Border Pedagogy as Postmodern Resistance (1991)
  • 4. Border pedagogy offers students the opportunity to:  access multiple cultural codes, experiences, and languages  become media literate in a world of changing representations  access the knowledge and social relations that enable them to read critically  appreciate how texts express and represent different ideological interests  regard texts as social and historical constructions  analyze texts in terms of presences and absences  read dialogically through a configuration of many voices
  • 5. students as border-crossers cultural borders historically constructed and socially organized with rules and regulations borders of meaning, maps of knowledge, social relations, and values are negotiated and rewritten as the codes and regulations become destabilized and reshaped.
  • 6. “coming to voice” engaging in discussions of cultural texts, drawing upon one’s personal experience, and confronting the process through which ethnicity and power can be rethought as a political narrative that challenges racism as part of a broader struggle to democratize social, political, and economic life.
  • 7. multiple positions and experiences that allow teachers and students to speak in and with many complex and different voices. many voices are allowed to speak to initiate students into a culture that multiplies rather than restricts democratic practices and social relations as part of a wider struggle for democratic public life. H. Giroux
  • 8. Cultural Identity Cultural identity, is a matter of 'becoming' as well as of 'being'. It belongs to the future as much as to the past. It undergoes constant transformation. It is subject to the continuous 'play' of history, culture and power.
  • 9. In-betweeness or liminality A threshold from where one gets on and off during the process of identity construction. The space where migrants move with the freedom of reinventing themselves. (Kral, 2009)
  • 10. Pat Mora (b. 1942, El Paso, Texas)
  • 11.
  • 12. Día El día de los niños, El día de los libros/Children's  Day, Book Day  April 30th and every day of the year In 1996, author Pat Mora learned about the Mexican tradition of celebrating April 30th as El día del niño, the day of the child. Pat thought, “We have Mother’s Day and Father’s Day. Yes! We need kids’ day too, but I want to connect all children with bookjoy, the pleasure of reading.” http://www.patmora.com/whats-dia/
  • 13. “Immigrants” by Pat Mora What is an immigrant? Who is an immigrant? What associations does the word bring about?
  • 14.
  • 15. Immigrants Pat Mora wrap their babies in the American flag, feed them mashed hot dogs and apple pie, name them Bill and Daisy, buy them blonde dolls that blink blue eyes or a football and tiny cleats before the baby can even walk, speak to them in thick English, hallo, babee, hallo, whisper in Spanish or Polish when the babies sleep, whisper in a dark parent bed, that dark parent fear, “Will they like our boy, our girl, our fine American boy, our fine American girl?”
  • 16.
  • 17.
  • 18. The immigrant has been made into something resembling an alien. He is an example of the undead, who will invade, colonise and contaminate, a figure we can never quite digest or vomit. Unlike other monsters, the foreign body of the immigrant is unslayable. Resembling a zombie in a video game, he is impossible to kill or finally eliminate not only because he is already silent and dead, but also because there are waves of other similar immigrants just over the border coming right at you. Hanif Kureishi, The migrant has no face, status or story, The Guardian
  • 19. Others only have the power we give them. The immigrant is a collective hallucination forged in our own minds. This ever developing notion, like God or the devil, is an important creation, being part of ourselves, but the paranoiac, looking wildly around, can never see that the foreign body is inside him. Of course not: when the world is divided so definitively into the Hollywood binaries of good and bad, no one can think clearly. Hate skews reality even more than love. If the limits of the world are made by language, we need better words for all this. The idea of the immigrant creates anxiety only because he is unknown and has to be kept that way. Hanif Kureishi, The migrant has no face, status or story, The Guardian
  • 20. Look, don’t identify me by the size and shape of my body, my social class, my job, my gender, my ethnicity, my sexuality, my nationality, my age, my religion, my education, my friends, my lifestyle, how much money I earn, the clothes I wear, the books I read, where I go shopping, the way I decorate my house, the television programmes and movies I watch, my leisure and sports activities, the car I drive, the music I listen to, the drinks I like, the food I eat, the clubs I go to, where I go on holiday, the way I speak or my accent, the things I say, the things I do, or what I believe in. I’m just me. OK?’ Culture and Identity. Published by: Mohammed K AlShakhori on Sep 23, 2013
  • 22. Legal Alien, by Pat Mora Bi-lingual, Bi-cultural, able to slip from "How's life?" to "Me'stan volviendo loca," able to sit in a paneled office drafting memos in smooth English, able to order in fluent Spanish at a Mexican restaurant, American but hyphenated, viewed by Anglos as perhaps exotic, perhaps inferior, definitely different, viewed by Mexicans as alien, (their eyes say, "You may speak Spanish but you're not like me") an American to Mexicans a Mexican to Americans a handy token sliding back and forth between the fringes of both worlds by smiling by masking the discomfort of being pre-judged Bi-laterally.