1. Laws on Mass Media

2. Article II Section 24
The State recognizes the vital role of communication
and information in nation-building.

3. Article III Section 3
(1) The privacy of communication and
correspondence shall be inviolable except upon
lawful order of the court, or when public safety or
order requires otherwise, as prescribed by law.
(2) Any evidence obtained in violation of this or the
preceding section shall be inadmissible for any
purpose in any proceeding.

4. Article III Section 4
No law shall be passed abridging the freedom of
speech, of expression, or of the press, or the right of
the people peaceably to assemble and petition the
government for redress of grievances.

5. Continuum of Rights (Free Expression)
Protected Speech
Prior Restraint Subsequent Punishment
(chilling effect)

6. Free speech/press
Right to organize
Right to assembly and petition
Right to association
Right to religious freedom
Right to information

7. Importance of the Guarantee
Promotes growth of individual and the nation
Makes possible scrutiny of acts and conduct of public
officials
Insure responsive and popular government

8. Article III Section 7
The right of the people to information on matters of
public concern shall be recognized. Access to official
records, and to documents and papers pertaining to
official acts, transactions, or decisions, as well as to
government research data used as basis for policy
development, shall be afforded the citizen, subject to
such limitations as may be provided by law.

9. Article XVI Section 2
(1)The ownership and management of mass media
shall be limited to citizens of the Philippines, or to
corporations, cooperatives or associations wholly-
owned and managed by such citizens.
The Congress shall regulate or prohibit monopolies
in commercial mass media when the public interest
so requires. No combinations in restraint of trade or
unfair competition therein shall be allowed.

10. Article XVI Section 2
(2) The advertising industry is impressed with public
interest, and shall be regulated by law for the protection
of consumers and the promotion of the general welfare.
Only Filipino citizens or corporations or associations at
least seventy per centum of the capital of which is owned
by such citizens shall be allowed to engage in the
advertising industry.
The participation of foreign investors in the governing
body of entities in such industry shall be limited to their
proportionate share in the capital thereof, and all the
executive and managing officers of such entities and
managing officers must be citizens of the Philippines.

11. Mass Media Advertising
100% Filipino 70% Filipino

12. Limitations on the Freedom of Mass Media
“The best limitation of one’s right is
another person’s right.”
"The right to swing my fist ends where the
other man's nose begins."

13. 1) to the public order or security, (national security,
clear and present danger)
(2) to the public morals (obscenity laws)
(3) to private reputation and the right of privacy (right
to privacy)
(4) to the integrity or efficiency of public bodies like
Congress and the courts. (trial by publicity)

14. Philippine Reality
“The Philippines has the freest media in Asia but it in
2009, it was the most dangerous place to become a
journalist.”
The Philippines this year , 2013, has been ranked
sixth most dangerous place on earth
Swiss-based Press Emblem Campaign (PEC)

15. Maguindanao Massacre

16. Right to Privacy
Right to know vs. Right to privacy
Standard Rule: Reasonable Expectation of Privacy

17. What constitutes invasion of privacy?
1. False Light
2. Appropriation
3. Revelation of Private Facts
4. Physical Intrusion