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Changes in Conservation Values in Modified Forest: Does Human Involvement Affect its Land Use Pattern and Wildlife Presence?
1. 2019-10-04
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A8b: Forecasting the effects of land-use on wildlife communities and conflict at human-wildlife interface
Changes in Conservation Values in Modified Forest:
Does Human Involvement Affect its Land Use Pattern
and Wildlife Presence?
Shoma JINGU*, Keisuke SAKATA,Taiichi ITO
*Laboratory of Wild-land Planning &Wildlife Management
Graduate School of Life and Environmental Sciences University of Tsukuba
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Background: Forest in Japan
Forest cover: 68.5% (FAO, 2015)
Second highest percentage cover next to Finland in the developed countries
Remained stable for more than 150 years
However, composition and locality change in recent 60 years
Forest increase = Forestation by rural population decrease
Forest decrease = Deforestation by urban concentration
Human-modified landscapes that respond to change
in human involvement
> Typical example in Japan: Agricultural forest Satoyama
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Background: Agricultural forests as a modified landscape -Satoyama
Human-modified landscape based on traditional, sustainable use for natural resources.
Japanese government is putting its efforts in conserving Satoyama landscapes
> Represents nature-culture linkage & biodiversity
However, it is questioned whether conservation of present state
Satoyama remnants can play a similar role after the change in human involvement.
> We will show how change in involvement to a human-modified landscape
can affect its conservation values by focusing on wildlife presence.
Sato = village
Yama = mountain/forest
Forestation Deforestation
In recent 60 years…
OR
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Objective & Method
Objective:Clarify the relationship between human involvement and the historical change of
land use & wildlife presence.
Method: Analysis of historical records
Land Use Pattern
Land use & land cover survey maps (1884, 2016)
Aerial photographs (1947-1948, 2008-2017)
Wildlife Presence
Interview survey to local communities
Road-kill reports
Museum research archives
Camera trap survey
Case Study:
Tsukuba City
50 km north east ofTokyo
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Result:Wildlife Presence: Mid & large-sized mammals
Japanese hare
Lepus brachyurus
Native
Raccoon dog
Nyctereutes procyonoides
Red fox
Vulpes vulpes
Japanese badger
Meles anakuma
Wild boar
Sus scrofa
Japanese squirrel
Sciurus lis
Raccoon
Procyon lotor
Masked palm civet
Paguma larvata
Symbolic species in Satoyama
Threatened
Alien
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Discussion: Human involvement to forest in the study area
Current Satoyama remnants have undergone functional change, which resulted in structural
and compositional change.
It is questionable whether the human-nature coexistence conservation value of Satoyama
remains unchanged.
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Conclusion
We found that many Satoyama remnants have undergone functional changes in its land
use and have equally affected wildlife presence.
Largely changed forests may retain wildlife conservation value through provision of
habitats in general, although its ecosystem may have changed to a large degree.
While we agree that human-modified forests are important for conservation, change in
usage patterns result in varied environmental outcomes.
This study provides an example that traditional human-nature coexistence should not
necessarily be the primary conservation value in secondary natural environments which
are subject to change in human involvement.