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Military Culture, Mental Health and Law Enforcement
1. Military Culture, Mental Health and Law Enforcement Crisis Intervention Team International Conference 1 June 2010 Deloria R. Wilson, Ph.D. Warrior Resiliency Program San Antonio Texas 210-424-8946
2. Disclaimer Many slides were derived from staff at the Center for Deployment Psychology (CDP) and other Experts. The views and opinions expressed in this presentation are solely those of the author and do not reflect an endorsement by the U.S. Government, DoD, Department of the Army or the Warrior Resiliency Program.
10. A Continuum of Combat Reactions Mission Event Combat Stress Acute Stress PTSD Combat Ready Adjustment Adjustment
11. A Continuum of Combat Reactions Mission Event Combat Stress Acute Stress PTSD Combat Ready Adjustment Adjustment
12. Typical Post Deployment Adjustment Issues Problems sleeping Irritability/Anger More (assertive) driving? Disturbing dreams/images Feeling out of place Physical/Emotional/Cognitive Fatigue Range of emotions including numbness
13. Yellow Flags Increased drinking More withdrawn Some family difficulties Reduced work performance Occasionally late to work/appointments Hyper-vigilance / arousal Discipline Problems
14. Red Flags Alcohol Abuse/Dependence Behavior requiring paperwork Signs for Depression/Anxiety Psychotic Behavior Signs of suicidal ideation Consistently unable to control anger Increasing withdrawal and isolation
15. PTSD Symptoms Impact onSocial Support PTSD and associated problems can reduce available social support Emotional numbing Detachment Hostility and aggression Distrust of others Social problem solving deficits As symptoms persist, individuals may tire of providing support or exhaust resources CDP
16. Relation between PTSD and Social Support One of the strongest predictors of recovery following trauma is social support Deterioration of perceived social support over time may contribute to increased symptoms In general, families provide a primary source of social support, with intimate partners typically the chief source
19. Why is the family important? Each gear impacts the ability of the service member to complete the Mission.
20. Stressors in the Deployment Cycle Pre-deployment Notification Preparation Training Return from Deployment Reunion Reintegration Deployment Departure Sustainment Combat and conflict
21. Pre-Deployment Stressors Preparedness Shifting expectations Changes in family dynamics Anticipation of threats Perception of Mission Lack of information/Rumors Briefing by David Riggs, June 2007
22. Pre-Deployment Stressors - Spouses Confusion Denial Resentment Arguing Worrying Planning Briefing by Doug Lehman, May 2008
30. Pre-Deployment Stressors - Adolescents “I don’t care” Fear of rejection Denial of feelings Anger Higher value on friends Briefing by Doug Lehman, May 2008
31. Stressors in the Deployment Cycle Pre-deployment Notification Preparation Training Return from Deployment Reunion Reintegration Deployment Departure Sustainment Combat and conflict
32. Stressors in the Deployment Cycle Pre-deployment Notification Preparation Training Return from Deployment Reunion Reintegration Deployment Departure Sustainment Combat and conflict
33. Common Stressors SM CDP Editors Charles Figley and William Nash, Combat Stress Injury (2007)
36. It can be hard to figure out how to merge safely
37. Many times families will confuse normal adjustment issues for serious problems or vice versa.
38. Most service members and families expect that the service member or the family will remain unchanged.
39. Knowing the difference between expected adjustment issues and mental health problems often depends on time.
40. “IF YOU WENT TO WAR AND WEREN’T CHANGED, YOU WERE CRAZY BEFORE YOU LEFT.” Ch. Morris, Minnesotata
41. Changes for Family Family has… Service Member’s Return can… • New routines • New responsibilities • More independence and confidence • Made many sacrifices • Worried, felt lonely • Gone through milestones that were missed • Interrupt routine • Disrupt space • Throw off decision making • Cause family to walk on tip toes • Not make everything perfect • Not replace the sacrifices and missed milestones CDP
43. Common Issues during Crises Not necessarily dissimilar than general civilian population Domestic issues/ Relationship issues Financial problems Legal Issues Circumstances may be different May not have family nearby Possible exposure to violence in theater Injured/Wounded Service Member
44. Get to know Military Leadership Military Police Military Mental Health/Medical VA and other veteran’s resources On Line and Community Resources
45. They May Be Able to Help With Information about service member and or family Information about what member’s unit has gone through Links to family and other resources Possibly medical and personal history Resources to collaborate with training Follow-through after an event