1. PRESENTATIONS 1

2. The beginning
 Greet and welcome people
 Thank them for attending
 Make an opening comments

3. Opening comment
 Shared
experience.
 “WE”
 Not a jocking
matter.
 http://www.ted.com/talks/g
 http://www.ted.co
m/talks/susan_etli
nger_what_do_we
_do_with_all_this_
big_data

4. Introductions
 Your name
 Your organization and authority
 Information about your talk

5. Information about your talk
 How long you will be speaking
 Interrupt / questions at the end
 Handouts / notes

6. You need
 Outline
 Acknowledge your listeneners
knowledge.
 Apologize is something went wrong.

7. Decide on what to cover
Decide your main goal, that is,
the particular idea or result the
audience should learn.
 Brainstorm ideas
 Use a linear structure
 Introduce basic terms

8. Backward and forward references
Use
 “I previously showed you
that . . . ”,
 “I will shortly demonstrate
that . . . , but first I must
explain . . . ”) to show how the
current topic relates to rest of
the talk.

9. Changes of topic
- Summarize what should have been learnt
by the audience.
 In short
 In summary
 To summarize
 In conclusion
 In a nutshell
- Explain the role of the new topic in the
talk overall.

10. STRUCTURING
 Deductive and non-deductive
 Discursive
 S-O-W
 Explaining the processes

11. ‘Deductive’ or ‘non-deductive’
 Deductive
 fact + fact + fact…
 therefore
 Conclusion
 Non-deductive
 Conclusion
because
 fact + fact + fact…


12. Discursive presentations
Present both sides of an argument.
 State your opinion.
 The arguments for
 The arguments against
 The summing up

13. S-O-W
 Situation
 Options
 Way Forward

14. Explaining the processes
 How many steps are involved.
 Show a diagram of the process
 Explain each step
 Why before how

15. Phrases for paragraphing
 This brings me to…
 I would now like to move on to…
 A connected point is…
 My next example …
 Following on from this…
 Firstly…Secondly…
 Let’s now go on to consider…
 The next step…
 Another possibility…
 Moving on …

16. The conclusion
 Clearly signal the end.
 Revise the main points and ideas,
 outline future work or work in
progress
 Recommend a change of practice,
or make a judgement.

17. Introducing the end
 Finally…
 In conclusion…
 My last point…
 This brings me to…
 I would like to sum up by saying…
 And so to my closing point…
 Now that I am reaching the end of this talk, I would
like to draw together…
 Lastly…
 I have one final observation…
 In summary…

18. Visual Aids
Choosing and preparing
 Make sure each visual has a
heading.
 Have one idea per visual.
 Be visible (Type sizes 20-22)
 Use pictures better than words

19. NUMBERS
Round figures
“almost €700,000”
Get in shape

20. Colours
 Use strong, dark colours, with
bright, clear colours as highlights.

21. Raising your performance
 Props

22. Using notes 1
 Use index cards (15 x 11)
 Landscape format
 Strong colours
 Put a heading on each card
 Large, clear writing
 Use memory joggers. (short)

23. Using notes 2
Make sure you note down:
 Names
 Numbers
 Essential facts
 Acronyms in full
 Memorable phrases
 Number of card

24. PowerPoint printouts

25. Delivery
 speaking well,
 making good use of slides, and
 Relating to the audience.

26. Speak clearly
 Use sufficient volume,
 project your voice without
shouting, and
 speak a little slower than you
would in normal conversation.

27. Further advice
 Keep your head up
 Pause occasionally
 Make frequent
 eye contact with the audience.

28. QUESTION TIME
 Repeat the question in your own
words and
 Talk to the whole audience.
 Admit ignorance.

29. A presentations checklist
 • What is the key thing the audience should remember?
 • Is there enough background material for the intended audience?
 • Is any material unnecessary?
 • Could some of the material be left for people to read about later?
 Is the talk self-contained?
 • Does the talk have a motivating preamble?
 • Have complex issues been explained in gentle stages?
 • Are the results explained?
 • Are the numbers necessary?
 • Are more diagrams needed?
 • Are the slides simple? Do they have unnecessary ornamentation or distracting
 use of colour?
 • Is there any unnecessary animation?
 • Are the font sizes reasonable?
 • Are there enough examples?
 • Have you rehearsed the talk?
 • Have you prepared something to say about each slide?
 • What were the limitations of the research?
 • Do you explain why the research is interesting or important?
 • Is there a clear conclusion?
 • Have you memorized the talk?
 • If you are asked a question you can’t answer, how will you respond?
 • Have you rehearsed your manner? Will your enthusiasm show?
 • Do you know how to use the equipment?