1. 3 Phases of the Soul

2. Ka
 Infants created on potter’s wheel
by god Khnum and placed in
mother’s womb
 Khnum made spiritual duplicate
of the infant, the ka
 Ka stored in the heart and at
death was separated from the
body and would in habit the tomb
near the body
 Ka would need items like food,
clothing, perfume, furniture...
just like the living body

3. Ba
 Entered the body at time of birth and left
at death
 A person’s character or personality
 Depicted as a human-headed bird

4. Akh
 At death, the mummy needed to be
transformed into a form that could exist in
the afterworld
 Transformation took place through use of
magical spells said over the mummy

5. Ma’at
 Order, truth, justice
 Living in accordance with Ma’at
allowed Egyptians to achieve
harmony with the gods and be
assured entry into the hereafter