Why Docker? Dayton PHP, April 2017
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As developers, we are blessed with a huge variety of tools to help us in our daily jobs. One of the most popular ones that has shown up over the last few years is Docker. How does one go about getting started with Docker? Why should you invest your time in this new technology? What can you do with Docker? Let's find out!
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Why Docker? Dayton PHP, April 2017
- 1. Why Docker? Chris Tankersley @dragonmantank Dayton PHP, April 2017 Sunshine PHP 2017 1
- 2. What Is Docker? “Docker is an open platform for developers and sysadmins to build, ship, and run distributed applications. Consisting of Docker Engine, a portable, lightweight runtime and packaging tool, and Docker Hub, a cloud service for sharing applications and automating workflows, Docker enables apps to be quickly assembled from components and eliminates the friction between development, QA, and production environments.” Sunshine PHP 2017 2 https://www.docker.com/whatisdocker/
- 4. Normal Bare-Metal Server Sunshine PHP 2017 4 CPU RAM HD Network Operating System nginx PHP DB
- 5. Virtual Machines Sunshine PHP 2017 5 CPU RAM HD Network Operating System nginx PHP DB Operating System nginx PHP DB Operating System Hypervisor
- 6. Containers Sunshine PHP 2017 6 CPU RAM HD Network Operating System nginxnginx PHP DB PHP DB
- 7. Containers Are Not New • LXC (Linux Containers) • OpenVZ • Systemd-nspawn • Qemu/kvm • BSD Jails • Solaris Zones • chroot Sunshine PHP 2017 7
- 8. Docker is an Ecosystem Sunshine PHP 2017 8 Docker Engine
- 9. Docker is an Ecosystem Sunshine PHP 2017 9 Docker ComposeDocker Machine Docker Swarm
- 10. How does it work? Sunshine PHP 2017 10 Uses a variety of existing Container technologies Server Containers Hyper-V Containers xhyve Virtualization
- 11. Sorry OSX < 10.10 and Windows < 10 Users Docker Toolbox Sunshine PHP 2017 11
- 12. Using Docker – The Basics Sunshine PHP 2017 12
- 13. Running a container • `docker run` will run a container • This will not restart an existing container, just create a new one • docker run [options] IMAGE [command] [arguments] • [options ]modify the docker process for this container • IMAGE is the image to use • [command] is the command to run inside the container • [arguments] are arguments for the command Sunshine PHP 2017 13
- 14. Running a simple shell Sunshine PHP 2017 14
- 15. Running a simple shell Sunshine PHP 2017 15
- 16. Running a simple shell Sunshine PHP 2017 16
- 17. What’s Going On? Sunshine PHP 2017 17 Ubuntu Kernel / + bin/ + etc/ + dev/ + home/ + usr/ + var/ + lib/ + … / + bin/ + etc/ + dev/ + home/ + usr/ + var/ + lib/ + … php nginx bash
- 18. Running Multiple Copies of Software Sunshine PHP 2017 18
- 19. Running Two Webservers Sunshine PHP 2017 19
- 20. Running Two Webservers Sunshine PHP 2017 20
- 21. Running Two Webservers Sunshine PHP 2017 21
- 22. Running Two Webservers Sunshine PHP 2017 22
- 23. Running Two Webservers Sunshine PHP 2017 23
- 24. Running Two Webservers Sunshine PHP 2017 24
- 25. Running Two Webservers Sunshine PHP 2017 25
- 26. Running Two Webservers Sunshine PHP 2017 26
- 27. Some Notes • All three containers are 100% self contained • Docker containers share common ancestors, but keep their own files • `docker run` parameters: • --rm – Destroy a container once it exits • -d – Run in the background (daemon mode) • -i – Run in interactive mode • --name – Give the container a name • -p [local port]:[container port] – Forward the local port to the container port Sunshine PHP 2017 27
- 28. As a Dev Environment Sunshine PHP 2017 28
- 29. Volumes Sunshine PHP 2017 29
- 30. Mounting from the host machine Sunshine PHP 2017 30
- 31. Mounting from the host machine Sunshine PHP 2017 31
- 32. Mounting from the host machine Sunshine PHP 2017 32
- 33. Mounting from the host machine Sunshine PHP 2017 33
- 34. Mounting from the host machine Sunshine PHP 2017 34
- 35. Mounting from the host isn’t perfect • The container now has a window into your host machine • Permissions can get screwy if you are modifying in the container • Most things it creates will be root by default, and you probably aren’t root on the host machine • Host-mounted volumes are not portable at all • OSX and Hyper-V VMs have limited pathings to mount • OSX has poor I/O performance Sunshine PHP 2017 35
- 36. Simulating Networks Sunshine PHP 2017 36
- 37. Networking • Docker can create multiple network “pools” • Each container gets an IP address • Containers can be attached to multiple networks • Docker network allow service discovery inside networks Sunshine PHP 2017 37
- 38. Legacy - Docker Links • Legacy Links work with `--link` • Only works on the legacy “bridge” network • Doesn’t support service discovery • Not worth it to use anymore Sunshine PHP 2017 38
- 39. Docker Networks • Discreet IP pool for containers • Containers can be added and removed to the network at whim • Service discovery though ‘--network-alias’ • Can be set up to work across hosts Sunshine PHP 2017 39
- 40. Create a network Sunshine PHP 2017 40
- 41. Attach to a network Sunshine PHP 2017 41
- 42. Ping the web container Sunshine PHP 2017 42
- 43. Add another web and kill web1 Sunshine PHP 2017 43
- 44. Building Custom Environments Sunshine PHP 2017 44
- 45. Custom Images • PHP images are pretty bare • Lots of times need to install extensions Sunshine PHP 2017 45
- 46. Dockerfile • Dockerfile is the configuration steps for an image • Can be created from scratch, or based on another image • Allows you to add files, create default volumes, ports, etc • Can be used privately or pushed to Docker Hub Sunshine PHP 2017 46
- 47. docker/Dockerfile FROM php:apache RUN a2enmod rewrite Sunshine PHP 2017 47
- 48. Build it docker build -t tag_name ./ • This runs through the Dockerfile and generates the image • We can now use the tag name to run the image Sunshine PHP 2017 48
- 49. Build it docker build -t d4dapp docker/ Sunshine PHP 2017 49
- 50. Sunshine PHP 2017 50
- 51. Use the new image docker run -d --name d4dapp -v C:dragoProjectsdockerfordevs-app:/var/www/ -p 8080:80 d4dapp Sunshine PHP 2017 51
- 52. Use the new image Sunshine PHP 2017 52
- 53. Containerizing Build Components Sunshine PHP 2017 53
- 54. Running Composer docker run --rm -v c:/Users/drago/.composer:/root/.composer -v c:/Users/drago/Projects/workshop:/app -v c:/Users/drago/.ssh:/root/.ssh composer/composer install Sunshine PHP 2017 54
- 55. Run Multi-Tier Applications Sunshine PHP 2017 55
- 56. What is Docker Compose? • Multi-container orchestration • A single config file holds all of your container info • Works with Docker Swarm and a few other tools, like Rancher Sunshine PHP 2017 56
- 57. Sample docker-compose.yml version: '2' volumes: mysqldata: driver: local services: d4dapp: build: ./docker/ volumes: - ./:/var/www/ ports: - 8080:80 mysqlserver: image: mysql environment: MYSQL_DATABASE: dockerfordevs MYSQL_ROOT_PASSWORD: 's3curep@assword' volumes: - mysqldata:/var/lib/mysql Sunshine PHP 2017 57
- 58. No longer use docker run $ docker rm –f d4dapp $ docker-compose up -d Sunshine PHP 2017 58
- 59. Now we have 2 containers Sunshine PHP 2017 59
- 60. Other Tools Sunshine PHP 2017 60
- 61. Docker Ecosystem • Docker Machine • Docker Swarm Sunshine PHP 2017 61
- 62. Thank You! • Software Engineer for InQuest • Author of “Docker for Developers” • https://leanpub.com/dockerfordevs • Co-Host of “Jerks Talk Games” • http://jerkstalkgames • http://ctankersley.com • chris@ctankersley.com • @dragonmantank Sunshine PHP 2017 62
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