Presentation by Raymond Brandes from the Development Connect, at the workshop on Gender and Climate-Smart Agriculture in Eastern and Southern Africa Region: Case studies and lessons from 02 to 04 November 2016, Nairobi, Kenya

1. CTA Gender and Climate Smart
Agriculture Workshop
Raymond Brandes
Director, Development Connect
Nairobi, 2 November 2016

2. Development Connect provides high-quality technical
expertise combined with contextual understanding
and a multidisciplinary approach ensures lasting
results through Business, Policy and Programming and
Implementation Consultancy Services in
Organisational Transformation, (Pro-Poor) Public-
Private Partnerships, Private Sector Development,
Agricultural Value Chain Development, Gender, Green
Economy, Capacity Development and Assessments,
Inclusive Business Promotion, Knowledge Capture and
Sharing, and Executive Coaching and Change
Management.

3. • Clarification of terms
• Approaches to include gender in Climate Smart
Agriculture
• Mind setting into gender and programme/proposal
development
Objectives

4. Definitions: Sex and Gender
• SEX is the biological difference between men and
women. Sex differences are concerned with men’s
and women’s bodies. Sexual differences are the
same throughout the human race.
• GENDER refers to the socially given attributes,
roles, activities, and responsibilities connected to
being a female or a male in a given society. These
are learned, changeable over time, and have wide
variations within and between cultures and should
be analyzed with other socio-economic variables.

5. Implications of Gender
Constraints
• “Gender constraints” significantly reduce the
productivity of both the rural sector and the entire
national economy
• Misunderstanding of gender differences leads to
inadequate planning and design of projects and the
perpetuation of gender inequalities and
diminished returns on investments

7. What is “Gender Analysis”?
“Processes that make visible
the varied roles women,
men, girls and boys play in
the family, in the
community, and in
economic, legal and political
structures”

8. Gender Analysis
Looks at how power relations within the household
inter-relate with those at community, market,
national or international level.
Questions in gender analysis:
* Who does what? When? Where?
* Who has what?
* Who decides and how?
* Who gains? Who loses?

9. Practical Gender Needs
* A response to short-term, immediately perceived
needs-mainly arising from and reinforcing
particular women’s reproductive and productive
role
* Do not challenge the subordinate position of
women (ex. Clean water, health care, housing food
provision)
Women’s needs differ from men’s needs because of
their different tasks and responsibilities

10. Strategic Gender Needs
* Response to long-term needs arising from women’s
subordinate position-challenges the nature of the
gendered relationship between women and men
* Women involved as agents of change
* Leads to a transformation of gender division of
labor for all women (Ex. Access to resources, land,
credit, etc.; measures against mail violence; control
over own body)
Women’s needs differ from men’s needs because of their
different positions in society

11. “Gender Mainstreaming”
“It is a strategy for making the concerns and
experiences of women as well as of men an integral
part of the design, implementation, monitoring
and evaluation of policies and programs in all
political, economic and societal spheres, so that
women and men benefit equally, and inequality is
not perpetuated. The ultimate goal of mainstreaming
is to achieve gender equality.”

12. Gender analysis provides a lens through which differences can
explored and assessed between the roles that women and men play,
the varying levels of power they hold, their differing needs,
constraints and opportunities and the impact of these differences on
their lives.
Important:
• Participation/representation of men & women
• Consideration of gendered (practical/strategic) needs based on
concerns and experiences/constraints
• Gender-responsive results (accommodative/transformative)
• Gender disaggregated data – quantitative and “qualitative”
(collection & means of verification)

13.  Gender accommodating approaches recognize and
respond to the specific (practical) needs and realities of
men and women based on their existing roles and
responsibilities (often means women empowerment or
capacity building).
 Gender transformative approaches aim to enhance how
women are integrated into development (strategic
needs), through improving their access to resources and
technologies and the like, while also acting explicitly to
change gender norms and relations in order to
promote more equitable relationships between men and
women and a more socially enabling environment.
Accommodating or transforming?

14. Equity and equality are two strategies we can use in an
effort to produce fairness. Equity is giving everyone what
they need to be successful. Equality is treating everyone
the same. Equality aims to promote fairness, but it can only
work if everyone starts from the same place and needs the
same help. That’s why affirmative action is sometimes
needed.

16. Capacity Development
Individual Organizational /
communal
Institutional /
societal
Gender analysis
Gender accommodating/
transformative approaches
M&E

17. EXAMPLE: Energy for cooking
Practical Needs
• Improved access
to clean energy
Strategic Needs
• Equal sharing of
household tasks
and
responsibilities
Outcomes
• Empowerment
• Improved
livelihood
• Capacity

18. Gender and Climate Smart Agriculture
Energy
Women cook  health
Men cook as well  health, GE and hh income
Vegetables
need less
cooking time
Women cook  more time to be productive
Men cook as well  GE and hh income

19. 9 and 10 November 2016
Safari Park Hotel, Nairobi

20. Questions?

21. THANK YOU!
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Visit our website: http://developmentconnectltd.com
Raymond Brandes
Mobile: +254 725 578 663
Email: DevelopmentConnectRaymond@gmail.com