1. Structured lexicons and Lexical semantics Especially WordNet ® See D Jurafsky & JH Martin: Speech and Language Processing , Upper Saddle River NJ (2000): Prentice Hall, Chapter 16. and http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/WordNet and explore WordNet: http://wordnet.princeton.edu/
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3. animal bird fish ... canary eagle trout shark bald e. golden e. hawk e. bateleur space in general dimensions form motion size expansion distance interval contiguity reduction, deflation, shrinkage, curtailment, condensation .... hyponymy synonymy