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Astricon - Realities of Global Infrastructure in the Cloud
1. Global Infrastructure in the Cloud
Cory von Wallenstein
Chief Technology Officer, Dyn Inc.
@cvonwallenstein
@cvonwallenstein from @DynInc
2. “Wired people should know something about wires”
- Neal Stephenson, quoted in Andrew Blum’s TED Talk What is the Internet, Really?
http://www.flickr.com/photos/notaperfectpilot/8119088205/
8. Going Global in the Cloud
• Never been easier
• Never been more affordable
• Why should or shouldn’t you?
• If so, how?
@cvonwallenstein from @DynInc
9. A Word on Costs and Value
• Unlikely to save you raw dollars
• Likely to spend the same or more
• But here’s what you gain:
– Flexibility (can’t really screw this up)
– Performance (many caveats here)
– Reliability (if you do it right)
– Efficiency (if your team embraces it)
• Are those worthwhile to you?
@cvonwallenstein from @DynInc
10. Why go from 1 to N?
@cvonwallenstein from @DynInc
12. Reason 1: Disaster Recovery
Speed of light
299,792.458 km/second
Theoretical RTT
~40ms
Real RTT
~90ms
http://www.cogentco.com/files/images/network/network_map/networkmap_global_large.png
13. Reason 1: Disaster Recovery
• Things don’t work as well at 90ms RTT latency
as they do at 9ms RTT latency
• Where can you go to get out of the way of a
disaster but not create latency headaches?
http://www.globaldatavault.com/natural-disaster-threat-maps.htm
14. Reason 1: Disaster Recovery
“A frying squirrel took
out half of our Santa
Clara data center two
years back,”
- Mike Christian, Yahoo
http://www.datacenterknowledge.com/archives/2012/07/09/outages-surviving-electric-squirrels-ups-failures/
15. Reason 1: Disaster Recovery
“Squirrel chews account for a whopping 17% of our damages so
far this year! But let me add that it is down from 28% just last
year and it continues to decrease since we added cable guards to
our plant.”, Fred Lawler, Level(3)
http://blog.level3.com/level-3-network/the-10-most-bizarre-and-annoying-causes-of-fiber-cuts/
16. Reason 2: Get closer to users
http://www.akamai.com/html/technology/dataviz1.html
17. Reason 2: Get closer to users
http://www.akamai.com/html/technology/dataviz1.html
19. How: Figure out who and where
• Figure out what your motivations are
– Disaster recovery
– Get closer to users
– Future scaling
• Take a latency inventory of your apps
– To end users
– To other dependencies
• Get out the maps! Fire up traceroute!
– EC2: US East (Northern Virginia), US West (Oregon), US West (Northern California), EU (Ireland), Asia
Pacific (Singapore), Asia Pacific (Tokyo), South America (Sao Paulo), and GovCloud.
@cvonwallenstein from @DynInc
20. How: Deploy and manage w/
• sanity
Software defined datacenters
– Fancy term for “I defined the architecture in code
instead of Microsoft Visio”
• Configuration management
– Orchestrate the cloud APIs, and the config of
systems
– Chef
– Puppet
– CFEngine, and more
• Huge loss if you don’t take advantage of this
@cvonwallenstein from @DynInc
21. How: Coordinating global traffic
• What’s the app?
– Application agnostic, like DNS Global Server Load
Balancing
• Fancy term for “DNS servers monitor your servers and
change DNS answers when events are detected”
– Application specific, like DUNDi
• Decentralized coordination and fault tolerance
• Avoid SPOFs like the plague
– Keep it simple, keep it scalable
@cvonwallenstein from @DynInc
22. What can you expect?
• Flexibility
– Deploy new servers in new locations in hours
instead of weeks
• Performance
– If horizontally scalable on commodity hardware,
you win. Else, be careful.
– If closer to users and site-to-site latency not an
issue or data is distributed/eventually consistent,
you win. Else, be careful.
@cvonwallenstein from @DynInc
23. What can you expect?
• Reliability
– If you understand “regions” and “availability
zones”, you win. Else, be careful.
http://joyent.com/blog/if-i-was-your-cloud-provider-i-d-never-let-you-down
24. What can you expect?
• Efficiency
– Automation
– More instrumentation -> reduced MTTD
– More scalable
– Most important: More focus on what delivers your
business core competitive advantage.
@cvonwallenstein from @DynInc
25. Thank you (and we’re hiring!)
VP Technical Operations, Director of Engineering
Director of Security, Network Engineers, Software Engineers,
System Engineers, System Administrators (and more!)
Reach out to me: dyn.com, cvw@dyn.com, @cvonwallenstein