The document discusses how cognitive neuropsychology uses functional brain imaging techniques and data from patients with brain lesions to inform models of normal cognition and its neural underpinnings. Functional imaging allows more precise localization of brain areas involved in cognitive tasks compared to other neuropsychological methods. While early models linked specific cognitive functions to brain regions based on patient data, modern approaches recognize interactive and distributed neural systems and acknowledge limitations of making inferences from single cases or accidental brain lesions.

1. Cognitive Neuropsychology and Functional Brain Imaging: Implications for functional and anatomical models of cognition Humphreys & Price, 2001

11. Problems for Cognitive-Anatomical Models Damaging Representations, Disconnections and Sampling Bias 1 2 Some brain regions more vulnerable to damage than others. 3 Some cognitive precesses are represented bilaterally, making their disturbances rare.