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2.2a earthquakes and volcanoes introduction
- 1. Earth’s Interior and Plate Tectonics Earth’s Interior Weathering Physical and Plate and Erosion Evidence Weatherin Tectonics for Plate g What is Earth’s Tectonics Chemical Interior Weatherin like Transform g Erosion Fault Boundaries Earthquake Plate Convergent Minerals Tectonics s and Plate and Rocks Boundaries Volcanoes Divergent How old Plate Structure are Rocks What are Volcanoe Coundaries and Earthqua s Origin of Rocks
- 2. 2011 Japan Earthquake • http://www.youtube.com • http://www.youtube.com /watch?v=iQfdl7y-blE /watch?v=nLUmQrKOyuk • http://www.youtube.com &feature=related /watch?v=zfxlzyOXlic&fea • http://www.youtube.com ture=related /watch?v=1ikus_TEaGI&fe • http://www.youtube.com ature=related /watch?v=TRDpTEjumdo • http://www.youtube.com &feature=related /watch?v=OdhfV- • http://www.youtube.com 8dbCE&feature=related /watch?v=4GFLqsUexZ0 • http://www.youtube.com • http://www.youtube.com /watch?v=w3AdFjklR50&f /watch?v=NW7vENdDu1o eature=relmfu
- 3. P waves
- 4. P waves
- 5. A 1976 earthquake near Guatemala City shattered this bridge in Agua Caliente, cutting off the city’s main supply route to the Atlantic. The 7.5-magnitude quake killed more than 23,000 people and left thousands more injured and homeless.
- 6. A crane and several construction vehicles lay toppled on a fractured road in Kobe, Japan, after a 7.2-magnitude temblor shook the quake-prone country. The Great Hanshin Earthquake Disaster of 1995 was one of the worst in Japan’s history, killing 6,433 people and causing more than $100 billion in damages.
- 7. The San Andreas Fault scars Southern California’s Carrizo Plain like a battle wound. The 800-mile (1,300-kilometer) fault runs through western and southern California, dividing the Pacific and North American plates.
- 8. Workers position support beams to steady tilting homes in San Francisco's Marina District after a disastrous earthquake hit the city in 1989. The 7.1- magnitude earthquake buckled highways and bridges, crushed cars, and toppled homes and buildings throughout the city.
- 9. The Izmith, Turkey Temblor
- 11. The Izmith, Turkey Temblor
- 12. The Izmith, Turkey Temblor
- 13. The Izmith, Turkey Temblor
- 18. 17.2 Earthquakes and Volcanoes Vocabulary • Focus • Epicenter • P waves • S waves • Surface waves • Seismology • Richter scale • vent
- 19. 17.2 Earthquakes and Volcanoes • Read: “Energy from earthquakes is transferred through Earth by waves” (p568- 569) • Write on your cornell notes information on: – Longitudinal waves – Primary waves – Transverse waves – Secondary Waves
- 22. Mt. Pinatubo, Philippines Mt. Pinatubo Crater Lake
- 23. Mt. Pinatubo, Philippines Mt. Pinatubo Crater Lake
- 24. Mt. Pinatubo, Philippines Mt. Pinatubo Days Before Eruption
- 25. Mt. Pinatubo, Philippines Mt. Pinatubo: First Eruption
- 26. Mt. Pinatubo, Philippines 3 Minutes after first Eruption
- 27. Mt. Pinatubo, Philippines 5 Minutes after first Eruption
- 28. Mt. Pinatubo, Philippines Mt. Pinatubo: 7 minutes after
- 29. Mt. Pinatubo, Philippines Mt. Pinatubo: 10 minutes after
- 30. • How volcanoes are formed http://www.youtube.co m/watch?v=ANeH9W- HMPc&feature=related
- 31. Earthquakes and Volcanoes Vocabulary • Focus – the area along a fault at which slippage first occurs, initiating an earthquake. • Epicenter – the point on Earth’s surface directly above the focus. • P waves – primary waves; the longitudinal waves generated by an earthquake
- 32. 17.2 Kind of Volcanoes • Shield Volcano Magma rich in iron and magnesium Very fluid Lava flows great distances Eruption mild Eruption occur several times Lava produces gently sloping mountain
- 33. 17.2 Kinds of Volcanoes • Composite Volcano Made up of alternating layers of ash, cinders and lava Magma is thicker Gases are trapped in the magma making explosive eruptions Typically thousand meters high Steeper cones than shield volcanoes
- 34. 17.2 Kinds of Volcanoes • Cinder Cone Smallest and most abundant volcanoes Tend to be active for a short time then become dormant Vast quantities of ash and lava fall around vent that form the cone Gas-trapped magma – explosive eruption
- 35. 17.2 Earthquakes and Volcanoes • Kinds of Volcanoes