Design concepts used to create digital graphics

1. Objec&ve 102.01 15%
Explain design concepts used to create digital graphics.

2. Part 1: Elements of Design
q Color
q Line
q Shape
q Texture

3. Color
q Helps iden&fy objects in a design.
q Creates visual flow in a design.
q Communicates feelings and moods to the audience
or viewer.
q Consists of hue, satura&on, and brightness.
q Watch this video on Color Theory Basics

4. Color
q Par&cular colors in a design can communicate
certain moods and feelings to the audience
RED - excitement, anger,
danger, love
BLUE - calm, sadness,
serenity
YELLOW - cowardice, sympathy
cheerfulness
ORANGE - liveliness, energy
warmth
PURPLE - royalty, dignity
mystery
BLACK - mourning, despair
sophistication
WHITE - innocence, purity,
faith
GREEN - envy, luck,
peacefulness

5. Color Scheme
q The purposeful selec&on of colors for use in design.
q Sets a mood, aLracts aLen&on, or makes a
statement.
q Color can be your most powerful design element if
you learn to use it effec&vely.
q Color schemes usually are limited to 2 or 3 colors.

6. Complementary Colors
q Colors across from each other on the color wheel
work well together when used in a design
Example : Purple and Green

7. Hue
q The name given to a color
☐ Within a par&cular hue, a variety of individual
colors can be created by changing satura&on and
brightness
Select Hue
on color
bar using
sliders.

8. Saturation
q The amount of hue used in a par&cular color.
☐ Example : PURPLE
Less saturated with the
purple hue.
More saturated with the
purple hue.

9. Brightness
q How light or dark a color appears; adding black or
white changes a color’s brightness.
☐ Example : GREEN
Bright Green (white
added to a green hue).
Dark Green (black added
to green hue).

10. Lines
q Give direc&on to a design.
q Create movement in a design.
q Thick lines show importance, thin lines demonstrate
quick movement.

11. Lines
VERTICAL LINES
-carry eye up and down
-convey a feeling of awe
or challenge
DIAGONAL LINES
-slanted
-add interest to a design
HORIZONTAL LINES
-carry eye le^ and right
-convey a feeling of calm
or peacefulness
CURVED LINES
-gently bent
-give a so^, relaxed
feel to a design

12. Shape
q The form of an object.
q When lines enclose a space.
q Can be used to help iden&fy objects:
☐ Example : circle = sun, oval = egg
q Three basic shape types:

13. Texture
q Combina&on of dots, lines, and colors used create
the illusion of a surface appearance.
q Adds depth and dimension to a design.

14. Part 2: Principles of Design
q Propor&on
q Balance
q Rhythm
q Emphasis
q Unity/Harmony

15. Proportion
q A size rela&onship between components of a
design.
q Propor&on can be:
☐ Between one component of a design and
another component .
OR
☐ Between a component and the design as a
whole.
q Good propor&on adds harmony, symmetry, or
balance among the parts of a design.

16. Balance
q How design elements are arranged either
horizontally or ver&cally on the canvas.
q FORMAL BALANCE
☐ Also known as
symmetrical balance
☐ Design is exactly
equal on both sides
q INFORMAL BALANCE
☐ Also known as
asymmetrical balance
☐ Both sides of the
design are not equal,
but are s&ll balanced

17. Symmetrical Balance
Horizontal Symmetry
Approximate Horizontal Symmetry
Radial Symmetry

18. Asymmetrical Balance

19. Rhythm
q Crea&ng the feeling of movement in a design.
☐ Generated through the repe&&on of lines, colors,
shapes, and textures.

20. Emphasis
q Center of interest in a design.
q Component of the design that
is no&ced first by the
audience.
q Creates visual flow or
hierarchy which carries the
viewer’s eye through the
design.
q Use differences in size, color,
and type.

21. Unity/Harmony
q When all components of a design look as if they
belong together. Achieved when the Elements and
Principles of Design are used effec&vely.
q Alignment o^en impacts unity/harmony.
☐ Arranging design components in an organized
and visually appealing manner.
q White Space
☐ The absence of text or graphics in a design; visual
breathing room for the eye; helps avoid over-
crowding and creates natural flow.

22. Part 3 Digital Graphics
q Any image or design created or edited by a
computer.
☐ Drawings
☐ Logos
☐ Photos
☐ Adver&sing
☐ BuLons
☐ Icons
☐ Diagrams
☐ Charts

23. Digital Graphics
q Bitmap Graphics
☐ Use square pixels
arranged in a grid
that have assigned
colors.
☐ Lose clarity when
viewed up close or
zoomed in.
☐ Also referred to as
Raster Graphics.
q Vector Graphics
☐ Use mathema&cal
formulas to define
lines, points, curves,
and other aLributes.
☐ Do not lose clarity
when viewed up
close or zoomed in.
☐ Best type of graphic
for prin&ng in large
scale.

24. Resolution
q Describes the clarity of Bitmap Graphics.
q Determined and defined by the number of Pixels
Per Inch (PPI).
q LOW RESOLUTION
☐ Blurry in
appearance
☐ Rela&vely
small file size
q HIGH RESOLUTION
☐ Very clear in
appearance
☐ Rela&vely large file
size

25. Color Modes of Digital Graphics
q Black & White - uses only true black and true white.
q Grayscale - uses true black, true white, and all
shades of gray in between.
q True Color - all possible color combina&ons.
q RGB (Red, Green, Blue) - op&mized for viewing on a
screen.
q CMYK (Cyan, Yellow, Magenta, Black) - op&mized for
prin&ng purposes.

26. Color Depth
q The number of dis&nct colors a graphic is capable of
displaying.
q Related to color mode:
☐ Black & White
☐ Indexed Color (256 colors)
☐ True Color (16.7 million colors)

27. Color Terms
q Color Profile
☐ A pre-determined subset of specific colors
assigned to an image; preset for devices like
scanners, digital cameras, monitors, and printers
so that the color of an image remains true from
source to des&na&on.
q Color Gamut
☐ The range of colors that is defined by the color
profile; when working within a given color
profile, color choices are selected from the
gamut.

28. Color Terms
q Color Libraries
☐ Color system manufacturers create standardized
colors for communica&ng color informa&on
across apps and processes, i.e. Pantone.
q Dithering
☐ If a par&cular output device (monitor, web page,
etc.) cannot display colors within the assigned
color profile, a process called dithering peppers
in pixels of similar colors to replace the colors
that cannot be displayed.