1. qwertyuiopasdfghjklzxcvbnmqwerty
uiopasdfghjklzxcvbnmqwertyuiopasd
fghjklzxcvbnmqwertyuiopasdfghjklzx
cvbnmqwertyuiopasdfghjklzxcvbnmq
wertyuiopasdfghjklzxcvbnmqwertyui
opasdfghjklzxcvbnmqwertyuiopasdfg
hjklzxcvbnmqwertyuiopasdfghjklzxc
vbnmqwertyuiopasdfghjklzxcvbnmq
wertyuiopasdfghjklzxcvbnmqwertyui
opasdfghjklzxcvbnmqwertyuiopasdfg
hjklzxcvbnmqwertyuiopasdfghjklzxc
vbnmqwertyuiopasdfghjklzxcvbnmq
wertyuiopasdfghjklzxcvbnmqwertyui
opasdfghjklzxcvbnmqwertyuiopasdfg
hjklzxcvbnmrtyuiopasdfghjklzxcvbn
mqwertyuiopasdfghjklzxcvbnmqwert
yuiopasdfghjklzxcvbnmqwertyuiopas
Unit 34: Operations Management in
Business
24th January 2015
NAME

2. CONTENTS
1. Introduction:..........................................................................................................................................................................3
1.1 Importance of operations management for organisations:...................................................................................3
1.2 analyse the operations functions of Jaguar JLR (JLR) ..............................................................................................4
1.3 Transoformation processes in the operations management of JLR: ....................................................................5
2. link between operations management and strategic planning...................................................................................6
2.1 the importance of the ‘Three Es’to organisations ...................................................................................................6
2.2 impact of the tension between cost minimisation and quality maximisation in organisations ......................7
2.3 evaluate the significanceof the five performance objectives that underpin operations management to
organisations.........................................................................................................................................................................7
3. organise a typical production process..............................................................................................................................8
3.1 assess howlinear programming adds value to a given production process.......................................................8
3.2 evaluate critical path analysis and network planning.............................................................................................8
3.3 the need for operational planningand control in FURNITURE Manufacturing Company:................................9
4. the production of an operational plan for an organisation.......................................................................................10
4.1 produce a set of clearly definedoperational outcomes for a selected organisation......................................10
4.2 a network plan indicating the resultant critical path...........................................................................................11
4.3 HOW QUALITY MANAGEMENT TECHNIQUES ARE APPLIED TO IMPROVE OPERATIONS IN JLR:..................12
References: .............................................................................................................................................................................13

3. 1. INTRODUCTION:
Operations Management (OM) manages the configuration and administration of items,
procedures, administrations and supply chains. It considers the securing, improvement, and
use of assets that organizations need to convey the merchandise and administrations their
customers need.
The extent of OM reaches from key to strategic and operational levels. Delegate vital issues
incorporate deciding the size and area of assembling plants, choosing the structure of
administration or information transfers systems, and outlining innovation supply chains.
Strategic issues incorporate plant format and structure, venture administration systems, and
gear choice and substitution. Operational issues incorporate creation booking and control,
stock administration, quality control and assessment, movement and materials taking care
of, and gear upkeep strategies.
1.1 IMPORTANCE OF OPERATIONS MANAGEMENT FOR ORGANISATIONS:
Operations administration is one of the focal capacities of all associations whether creating
products or administrations, or in the private, open or intentional areas Operations
administration is one of the focal capacities of all associations whether delivering
merchandise or administrations, or in the private, open or willful divisions.
Some individuals (particularly those professionally included in operations administration)
contend that operations administration includes everything an association does. In this
sense, each director is an operations administrator, since all chiefs are in charge of helping
the exercises needed to make and convey an association's merchandise or administrations.
Be that as it may, others contend that this definition is excessively wide, and that the

4. operations capacity is about delivering the perfect measure of a decent or administration, at
the correct time, of the right quality and at the right cost to meet client requirements.
Some individuals (particularly those professionally included in operations administration)
contend that operations administration includes everything an association does. In this
sense, each director is an operations administrator, since all chiefs are in charge of helping
the exercises needed to make and convey an association's products or administrations.
Notwithstanding, others contend that this definition is excessively wide, and that the
operations capacity is about creating the perfect measure of a decent or administration, at
the ideal time, of the right quality and at the right cost to meet client necessities.
Operations supervisors are in charge of overseeing exercises that are a piece of the creation
of products and administrations. Their immediate obligations incorporate overseeing the
operations methodology, grasping configuration, arranging, control, execution change, and
operations technique. Their circuitous obligations incorporate connecting with those
directors in other practical regions inside the association whose parts have an effect on
operations. Such territories incorporate promoting, money, bookkeeping, work force and
designing.
1.2 THE OPERATIONS FUNCTIONS OF JAGUAR JLR (JLR)
JLR is a business assembled around two incredible British auto marks that plan, architect
and production in the UK. JLR is a piece of Tata Motors, India's biggest auto organization.
JLR is one of the world's chief producers of sports autos, whilst JLR is an incredibly famous
producer of premium 4x4's situated in the United Kingdom. The JLR, specifically, over its 60
year long history has been famous for its association with the planet. The bunch's key
methodology has incredibly minimized the effect of their autos on the earth, either through

5. their e-Terrain advances, more feasible assembling, Co2 balancing, or protection and
humane activities. JLR's maintainability administration structure is some piece of the
motivation behind why supportability is so inserted deliberately in the way they work
together. It is this structure and structure which empowers successful cross practical
engagement and enhances the worth include from the account group. These careful
investigations talk about how the structure functions and how fund helps drive execution.
Panther Land Rover specifically utilizes almost 15,000 individuals, primarily in the UK. This
incorporates around 3,500 specialists in their item advancement focuses at their base camp
in Gaydon, Warwickshire, and at Whitley, Coventry. Castle Bromwich, close Birmingham:
Jaguar XF, XJ and XK Halewood: Land Rover Freelander 2 what's more Range Rover Evoque
Solihull,: Land Rover Defender, Land Rover Discovery 4, Range Rover and Range Rover Sport.
Their business additionally upholds around 115,000 more occupations by implication among
franchised dealerships, suppliers also nearby organizations close to their destinations.
Vehicle deals are dominatingly led through franchised dealerships around the world,
including 90 Jaguar and 118 Land Rover merchants in total..
1.3 TRANSOFORMATION PROCESSES IN THE OPERATIONS MANAGEMENT OF JLR:
A change methodology is any movement or gathering of exercises that takes one or more
inputs, changes and increases the value of them, and gives yields to clients or customers.
Where the inputs are crude materials, it is generally simple to distinguish the change
included, as when milk is changed into cheddar and margarine. Where the inputs are data or
individuals, the way of the change may be more subtle. Case in point, a doctor's facility
changes sick patients (the data) into sound patients (the output).a change methodology is
any action or gathering of exercises that takes one or more inputs, changes and increases
the value of them, and gives yields to clients or customers. Where the inputs are crude
materials, it is generally simple to distinguish the change included, as when milk is changed
into cheddar and margarine. Where the inputs are data or individuals, the way of the
change may be more subtle. Case in point, a doctor's facility changes sick patients (the data)
into sound patients (the yield).

6. JLR's late achievement has driven arrangements for future development and henceforth,
venture. In request to convey plans for practical development, and boosting benefits and
money era, JLR perceived the need for an enhanced and more incorporated arranging
methodology. It initially conveyed another arrangement called Emfasis, based on the
Prophet EPM stage, which incorporates the focal capacities of valuing, volume arranging,
assembling regulates costs, parts and extras expenses and fund crosswise over about two
hundred business sectors. Emfasis methodologies immediate information sustains of vehicle
volume estimates in excess of 36 months by more than 2,000 subsidiaries and about 200
business sectors and after that 'liquidates up' these estimates by applying valuing,
immediate and backhanded expenses (again by subsidiary and market). Emfasis has
reformed JLR's capacity to examine volume and benefit yields, and also Kpis. Mechanized
preparing additionally permits of an opportunity time for investigation of business and
model execution both at corporate HQ furthermore by money groups over the globe, who
can undoubtedly access the information for territorial business sector investigation and
situation arranging. Emphasis likewise profits limit arranging, as it supports in the projection
of future stock levels of key segments. Also, administration now has entry to worldwide
gainfulness projections which help immediate them to where they can add millions to
organization benefit by changing the portion of vehicles crosswise over worldwide markets.
This new information draws individuals together and helps JLR in getting the right
individuals in the room also sways the business to ask the right inquiries of money.
2. LINK BETWEEN OPERATIONS MANAGEMENT AND STRATEGIC PLANNING
Organization's prosperity is frequently inside the administration control, and business
disappointment is numerous times the aftereffect of misguided thinking at the top. For this
reason, vital arranging speaks to a guide to drive organizations on the path to their mission.
The improvement of models for vital arranging flourished amid the 60s and 70s, as a
reaction to a twofold need: (i) the need to deal with a arrangement of different exercises
and to make them simple to think about by utilizing money related based strategies; (ii) the
need of a systemproficient to justify top directors choice making procedure, at the point
when confronting an element environment.
2.1 THE IMPORTANCE OF THE ‘THREE ES’TO ORGANISATIONS
Energy: the greatness of formal and casual correspondence between colleagues
Engagement – the level of cooperation between colleagues and their commitment to the
gathering exchange
Exploration: the degree to which colleagues captivate with different groups taking a shot at
related activities and report their discoveries to the group.

7. With the three E’s, an organization can build on teamwork and enhance employee
contributions with ease. By revitalizing employees (Energy), and Engaging them to work
with each other and Investigate (Exploration) new ideas and innovations, an organization
can easily reach its objectives as well as have good resources in the form of human capital.
Thus, the employment of the three E’s become crucial to an organizations success.
2.2 IMPACT OF THE TENSION BETWEEN COST MINIMISATION AND QUALITY
MAXIMISATION IN ORGANISATIONS
Quality is a vital parameter associating exceedingly with time and expense parameters. Yet
it is not a quantitative parameter in nature. In spite of the fact that the targets of expense
and time may be specified often by characteristic numbers, the goal of value is at times
portrayed in amounts, which declines numerical tradeoff among task time, expense, and
quality.
The most pervasive methodology for accommodating the contending targets of expense
minimization what's more nature of conformance augmentation is the “Cost of Quality(Coq)
approach. The Coq methodology offers an approach to accommodate producers' two
clashing goals of augmenting nature of conformance and minimizing expense. By joining
expenses to nature of conformance, this methodology changes the double goal into one
destination of expense of value minimization. This takes into account a simpler examination
of assembling procedure and review method alternatives.
2.3 SIGNIFICANCE OF THE FIVE PERFORMANCE OBJECTIVES THAT UNDERPIN
OPERATIONS MANAGEMENT TO ORGANISATIONS
An organization ought to be concerned to fulfill its clients' necessities for quick and
trustworthy administrations at sensible cost, and in addition helping its own particular
suppliers to enhance administrations they offer. There are five fundamental execution goals
and they apply to numerous sorts of operation:
 Quality
 Speed
 Dependability
 Flexibility
 Cost
Exceeding expectations at one or a greater amount of these operations execution targets
can empower an association to seek after a business technique focused around a relating
aggressive component. Notwithstanding, it is vital to note that the accomplishment of any
specific business procedure depends not just on the capacity of operations to accomplish
brilliance in the proper execution goals, however urgently on clients esteeming the picked
focused components on which the business method is based. Matching operations

8. incredibleness to client necessities lies at the heart of any operations based system. It is
farfetched that any single association can exceed expectations at the same time at all of the
five operations execution destinations. Attempting to do so is prone to prompt disarray if
operations troughs seek after distinctive targets at diverse times.
3. ORGANISE A TYPICAL PRODUCTION PROCESS
3.1 ASSESS HOW LINEAR PROGRAMMING ADDS VALUE TO A GIVEN PRODUCTION
PROCESS
Linear Programing is obliged improvement, where the requirements and the target capacity
are all direct. It is called "programming" in light of the fact that the objective of the counts
helps one pick a "project" of activity.
In Manufacturing, it includes: item decision
A few option yields with distinctive information necessities
Rare inputs
Expand benefit
With the help of linear programming, an organization can effectively plan various product
cycles, operating systems, sales etc. It is a critical tool in the hands of an Operations
Manager.
3.2 EVALUATE CRITICAL PATH ANALYSIS AND NETWORK PLANNING
Critical Path Analysis and PERT are capable instruments that help one to calendar and
oversee complex tasks.
They were created in the 1950s to control huge barrier ventures, and have been utilized
routinely from that point forward. Likewise with Gantt Charts , Critical Path Analysis (CPA)
or the Critical Path Method (CPM) helps one to arrange all undertakings that must be
finished as a major aspect of a venture.
They go about as the premise both for readiness of a timetable, and of asset arranging.
Amid administration of a task, they permit one to screen accomplishment of undertaking
objectives. They help one to see where medicinal move needs to be made to recover a
venture on course.

9. Inside an undertaking it is likely that one will show their last extend arrange as a Gantt Chart
(utilizing Microsoft Project or other programming for undertakings of medium
unpredictability or an exceed expectations spreadsheet for activities of low complexity).the
profit of utilizing CPA inside the arranging procedure is to help one create and test their plan
to guarantee that it is strong. Discriminating Path Analysis formally recognizes undertakings
which must be finished on schedule for the entire undertaking to be finished on time. It
likewise recognizes which undertakings can be deferred if asset needs to be reallocated to
get up to speed with missed or overwhelming assignments. The detriment of CPA, in the
event that one utilize it as the method by which their undertaking arrangements are
imparted and oversaw against, is that the connection of assignments to time is not as
promptly clear as with Gantt Charts. This can make them harder to get it.
A further advantage of Critical Path Analysis is that it helps one to recognize the base time
span expected to finish an undertaking. Where one have to run a quickened venture, it
helps one to recognize which extend steps one ought to quicken to finish the undertaking
inside the accessible time.
3.3 THE NEED FOR OPERATIONAL PLANNING AND CONTROL IN FURNITURE
MANUFACTURING COMPANY:
An example can be cited of a furniture manufacturer, and how with the help of linear
programming the organization can control the operational functions of the business.
A producer makes wooden work areas (a) and tables (b). Every work area requires 2.5 hours
to collect, 3 hours for buffing, and 1 hour to carton. Each one table obliges 1 hour to amass,
3 hours to buff, and 2 hours to carton. The firm can do just up to 20 hours of amassing, 30
hours of buffing, and 16 hours of crating every week. Benefit is $3 every work area and $4
every table. Let us try and maximize the profit.
The linear programming model, for an assembling issue, includes: Courses of action or
exercises that could be possible in distinctive sums Demands – asset limits The demands
portray the creation process – the amount of yield one get for any given measures of the
inputs. The demands say that one can't utilize a greater amount of every asset than one
have of that asset.
Direct obligations imply no reducing or expanding returns. Including more enter gives the
same impact on yield paying little respect to the extent to which one are now making. Non-
pessimismobligations – the procedure levels can't be short of what 0. This implies that one
can't transform oner items go into a resource. It is assumed that the objective of the
organization is to maximize its profits, which will depend on its total revenue, which is $3 for
every work area plus $4 for every table. However, it has to operate within the given time
constraints. Which include assembling, buffing as well as crating? The firm can apply the

10. linear programming tool and derive its maximum profits will appear when it produces 4
units of work area and 3 units of table, in the time constraints.
4. THE PRODUCTION OF AN OPERATIONAL PLAN FOR AN ORGANISATION
4.1 PRODUCE A SET OF CLEARLY DEFINED OPERATIONAL OUTCOMES FOR A
SELECTED ORGANISATION
The Strategy details five operational destinations with a perspective to supporting the
fullfillment of the key targets in a short or medium-term (three to five years) period. The
operational targets are the accompanying:
1. to effectively impact important universal, national and neighborhood methods and
performing artists in enough tending to desertification/land corruption and dry
season related issues
2. to backing the formation of empowering situations for elevating answers for battle
desertification/land corruption and alleviate the impacts of dry season
3. to turn into a worldwide power on logical and specialized information relating to
desertification/land debasement and moderation of the impacts of dry season.
4. to distinguish and location limit building needs to avoid and converse
desertification/land corruption and relieve the impacts of dry season
5. to activate and enhance the focusing on and coordination of national, two-sided and
multilateral budgetary and mechanical assets keeping in mind the end goal to build
their effect and viability
For every operational target, a set of results is additionally characterized in The Strategy.
 In the mid-term assessment, the accompanying difficulties concerning the
operational destinations and their results were distinguished:
 there is no obviously characterized association between the accomplishment of the
operational targets and the fullfillment of the vital goals.
 the operational destinations are detailed as exercises as opposed to time-bound
results ("what ought to be seen by 2013")
 the exact significance of the results and their association with the operational targets
is not generally clear.
 the definition of numerous operational targets and results does not unmistakably
show the connection of the normal activity or the stakeholder that is essentially in
charge of the activity, especially concerning national-universal levels.

11. 4.2 A NETWORK PLAN INDICATING THE RESULTANT CRITICAL PATH
In the above figure, a network plan is outlined, detailing the Critical path. Activities are
named from A to I, and how long they will take to complete.
New item presentations have expected a vital part in the development of associations in
focused markets. This vital capacity has turned into a prime obligation of promoting
administration. By receiving a coordinated item arranging procedure, promoting
administration arranges the exercises of different divisions and slices crosswise over
departmental lines to achieve the goal of presenting the new item on calendar.
Understanding also participation by all divisions (promoting, appropriation, designing,
money, assembling, showcasing examination, faculty, buying, innovative work, and deals)
included in the assessment, screening, and advancement of another item underlie a fruitful
and auspicious propelling.
Execution of a coordinated item presentation obliges a coherent arrangement. A point by
point timetable of expected execution must be readied to guarantee powerful control amid
execution. (CPA) satisfies this need of showcasing administration so well that it may have all
the earmarks of being exceptionally custom-made for the item arranging methodology.
A
14 days
B
6 days
C
6 days
D
5 days
E
4 days
F
4 days
G
3 days
H
2 days
I
10 days

12. Utilizing this procedure, one can focus the advancement of a task at every moment to give a
genuine systemfor controlling the whole program.
4.3 HOW QUALITY MANAGEMENT TECHNIQUES ARE APPLIED TO IMPROVE
OPERATIONS IN JLR:
Business Protection and Security
Business Protection guarantees a sheltered and secure environment for representatives,
builders and guests, and ensures the organization's parts, property, restrictive data, item,
and notoriety
Corporate
There are various groups that fall with this region of their business. Every one of them
assume a crucial part in their prosperity. Between them, they are in charge of their
corporate technique, their item cycle, their marketable strategies and their worldwide
extension, and their associations with Financial Services accomplices. They likewise regulate
all their exercises in the zones of corporate social obligation, the earth and government
issues.
Government Affairs
Sitting comfortable heart of the business, this little and very successful group guarantees
they have worldwide impact on strategy and the political environment, wherever it may
influence their business achievement. Their dedication to capital venture and their quick
worldwide development mean the group is confronting more difficulties and opportunities
than at any other time.
Corporate Strategy
Mergers and Acquistions. Joint ventures. Innovation imparting. Outer offers of parts or
frameworks. These are the sorts of business opportunities that their Corporate Strategy
group recognizes and creates.
Corporate Social Responsibility
This group takes a key methodology to CSR, guaranteeing that supportability is implanted at
all levels of their business. They concentrate on attaining to brilliance in various territories,
including:
 Long haul gainful reasonable development

13.  Interest in clean innovation
Budgetary Services
This cooperative efforts a key part in dealing with the operations of outside Financial
Services accomplices universally. The point is to guarantee those accomplices give wholesale
and retail fund and protection items which address the needs of their clients, merchants
and Nscs.
Finance:
Join this group, and one will be serving to fuel their development on a worldwide scale.
Fund not just sits at the very heart of their association, yet it likewise influences each
component of all that one does. So the choices one makes here will swell through their
business and, at last, all far and wide.
Human Resources
 It takes remarkable individuals to develop their business and bring their vehicles to
life. To pull in, hold and create those individuals, it takes an uncommon HR group.
 Arranging change with their Trade Unions
 Exhorting board chiefs on specialty unit association
IT/ Technology
Each snippet of each day, IT keeps Jaguar Land Rover moving in the right bearing. Without it,
their business essentially can't advance.
REFERENCES:
Adrian (2013) 'Efficiency and Transparency:JLR', PWC,
October.
Baker (n,d) 'Linear Programing'.

14. Cigolini & Gritto (2006) 'How to Involve Operations
Managers in the Strategic PlanningProcess', Problems
and Perspectives in Management, January.
CIMA (2009) 'Jaguar Land Rover: CaseStudy', CIMA,
December.
Hu and He (2013) 'An InnovativeTime-Cost-Quality
Tradeoff Modeling of BuildingConstruction Project
Based on Resource Allocation', TheScientific World
Journal.
JLR (2011) 'Sustainability Report', Jaguar Land Rover.
MindTools (2015) Critical Path Analysis, [Online],
Available:http://www.mindtools.com/critpath.html
[24 January 2015].
MIT (n.d) What is Operations Management?, [Online],
Available:http://mitsloan.mit.edu/omg/om-
definition.php [24 January 2015].
Petland, A. (2011) ' The New Science of BuildingGreat
Teams', Harvard Business Review,.
Slack et al (2001) ' Operations Management'.
The Open University (n.d) Understanding operations
management, [Online],Available:
http://www.open.edu/openlearn/money-
management/management/leadership-and-
management/understanding-operations-
management/content-section-4.3 [24 January 2015].
Zaklouta,H. (2009) 'Cost of quality tradeoffs in
manufacturingprocess and process and', MIT.