5. Semantic Web
To create a universal medium for the exchange of data.
… to smoothly interconnect
personal information management,
enterprise application integration and
the global sharing of
commercial, scientific and cultural data.
Semantic Web Activity Statement
http://www.w3.org/2001/sw/Activity
6. Musician
plays records
Instrument plays at Album
attends
Admirer Event
rdf:type
rdf:type
< musician: Musician
rdf:ID="urn:rdf:969914d5ca929194ea18787de32c66
5a-1"> musician:records
RDF …
<musician:name>Eric Clapton</musician:name>
<musician:records rdf:resource =
"http://www.guitar.org/legendaryrecordings/EC#urn:r <album: Album
df:958804d5ca918084ea17676de21c887a-0"/> rdf:ID="urn:rdf:958804d5ca918084ea17676de21
… c887a-0">
</musician:Musician> …
<album:title>Unplugged</album:title>
<album:year>1992</album:year>
…
</album:Album>
7. What is an ontology?
Important definition (Hendler, 2001)
a set of knowledge terms, including
vocabulary
semantic interconnections
some simple rules of inference and
logic for some particular topic
11. Automation of
service discovery,
Semantic Web Services composition,
invocation, and
monitoring
Envisioned evolution of the Web
Computation Web Services Semantic
UDDI, WSDL, SOAP Web Services
Content Web Semantic Web
HTML, HTTP RDF(S), OWL, WSML
Syntax Syntax
http://www.wsmo.org/TR/d17/v0.2/
12. Semantic Web Services
SWS descriptions languages
Semantic Annotations for WSDL Recommendation
and XML Schema (SAWSDL)
Web Service Semantics (WSDL-S)
W3C Submissions
Ontology Web Language for Services (OWL-S)
Web Service Modeling Ontology (WSMO)
Semantic Web Service Ontology (SWSO)
13. SAWSDL : An extension of WSDL
http://lsdis.cs.uga.edu/projects/meteor-s/wsdl-s/WSDL-S-W3C-ppt.ppt
<Operation> <Operation>
<Input1> <Input2>
<Output1> <Output2>
SAWSDL Web service 1 Web service 2
Composition
Operation:
buyTicket
Input1:
<Operation>
TravelDetails
Output1:
Confirmation <Input1>
Operation: Semantic UDDI
cancel Ticket Search <Output1>
Input1:
TravelDetails Service Template
Output1: Publish
Confirmation
Annotations
15. Current State
Automation of service
Discovery
WSMO-MX, OWLS-MX, SAWSDL-MX – DFKI
iMatcher – based on iSPARQL
Composition
IRS, WSMO Studio
Invocation
Monitoring
19. End-user Development: AMICO
http://amico.sourceforge.net/
Sequence
Sequence
f
Parallel Split
Exclusive choice
f
Simple merge
20. Google maps (with AJAX HTTP connection to AMICO)
End-user development
Sequence
Sequence
f
Parallel Split
http://amico.sourceforge.net/
Exclusive choice
f
Simple merge
21. Not quite Semantic Web!
But, some very useful lessons learned
No discovery – variable names
Ontologies and discovery engines
Mediation is still a problem
24. Linked Data
SPARLQ end points are
already services
They enable semantic-rich data mash-ups
http://linkeddata.org/static/images/lod-datasets_2009-03-05-scaled.png
25. Potluck
From [Huynh et al, 2008]
David F. Huynh, Robert C. Miller, David R. Karger: Potluck: Data mash-up tool for casual users. J. Web Sem. 6(4): 274-282 (2008)
26. Potluck
From [Huynh et al, 2008]
David F. Huynh, Robert C. Miller, David R. Karger: Potluck: Data mash-up tool for casual users. J. Web Sem. 6(4): 274-282 (2008)
27. Composing Services: WebML
Start from business processes (in BPMN)
From [Brambilla et al, 2008]
Marco Brambilla, Stefano Ceri, Irene Celino, Dario Cerizza, Emanuele Della Valle, Federico Michele Facca, Andrea Turati,
Christina Tziviskou: Experiences in the Design of Semantic Services Using Web Engineering Methods and Tools. J. Data
Semantics 11: 1-31 (2008)
28. Composing Services: WebML
End-users interact with discovery engines
From [Brambilla et al, 2008]
Mediation another key challenge
Marco Brambilla, Stefano Ceri, Irene Celino, Dario Cerizza, Emanuele Della Valle, Federico Michele Facca, Andrea Turati,
Christina Tziviskou: Experiences in the Design of Semantic Services Using Web Engineering Methods and Tools. J. Data
Semantics 11: 1-31 (2008)
31. Families of Service Compositions
Domain engineering
Feature modeling
Annotation of features
Services discovery
32. Families of Service Compositions
Application Engineering
Description logic-based staged configuration
User functional and non-functional requirements
Combining with soft-requirements – fuzzy DL
Transforming configuration into WSMO
Run-time adaptation
33. Semantic techs can be
useful for automation
But, better understanding is needed
Applications vs. service compositions
Service-oriented app. lifecycles
Adaptivity of service-oriented applications
Software languages are needed