E-Participation in Slum-Upgrading

www.fupol.eu www.facebook.com/fupol www.facebook.com/mtwapapsup www.ongea-mtwapa.org/
E-Participation in Slum-Upgrading
Mohamed El Sioufi, UN-HABITAT
Peter Sonntagbauer, Cellent AG

Agenda
 Introduction
 Background PSUP
 Mtwapa Pilot
 Technology and Features
 Experiences so far

Slum Upgrading Unit / Housing and Slum Upgrading Branch / UN-Habitat Nairobi
UNHABITAT
 UN-Habitat is the United Nations programme working towards a better urban
future.
 Its mission is to promote socially and environmentally sustainable human
settlements development and the achievement of adequate shelter for all.

• PSUP initiated by the Secretariat of
the African, Caribbean and Pacific
Group of States (ACP), funded by the
European Commission (EC) and
implemented by UN-Habitat.
• PSUP in 34 ACP countries.
PSUP

 Large Scale Research Project 2011 – 2015 with a budget of 9,0 Mio EUR within the
Framework 7 Program of the European Union
 17 Partners from Austria, Croatia, China, Cyprus, France, Macedonia, Germany, Kenya,
Latvia, Romania, Spain, UK providing a good balance of international ICT companies,
universities and political institutions
FUPOL

Agenda
Setting
(Demand)
Analysis
Policy Design
Formulation
Implementation Monitoring
FUPOL Integrated Technology Solution
E-Services to support the policy-lifecycle
involving all stakeholders
Citizens Politicians Civil Servants

History Cooperation
 2012 First talks between UN-HABITAT and FUPOL
 End of of 2012 MOU signed
 2013 UN-HABITAT joined FUPOL as a full partner
Main activities
• Joint Publication “E-Governance in Developing Countries”
• Mtwapa Pilot
• Conferences & Dissemination

• The overall objective of PSUP is to contribute to the improvement of
the living conditions of the urban poor, thus contributing to the
Millennium Development Goal 7, targets C and D.
• PSUP applies a human rights-based approach, mainstreaming: the
right to participate in public decision-making, the right to adequate
housing, the right to basic urban services and the right against
unlawful evictions.
• PSUP is operationalized to address the 5 deprivations affecting the life
of slum dwellers: lack of potable water, improved sanitation, durable
housing, adequate living space and security of residential tenure.
• In order to institutionalise participatory approach into policies and
planning strategies, PSUP is currently being implemented in three
phases
PSUP (1)

• The PSUP methodology and its phases seek to encourage an inclusive
environment where all stakeholders are empowered to participate in
defining the future of cities and citizens, with special focus on slum
dwellers.
• The progressive involvement of slum communities in the
implementation of PSUP is secured by inclusive communication
strategies and communication tools, as the ones provided by
E-participation.
PSUP (2)

• The advantages of e-participation for participatory slum upgrading are:
- Broader participatory processes;
- Better informed citizens;
- Increased public support to slum upgrading projects;
- Increased transparency and accountability in implementation;
- Reduced risk of overlooking important details.
• PSUP has identified 4 areas in which e-participation
can contribute towards the meaningful involvement
of slum communities in its implementation:
decision-making, exchange, monitoring and
making information available.
E-Participation and PSUP

Mtwapa is part of Kilifi County and lies 15 kms North East of Mombasa
City.
• Total Population: 62,680 p.
Slum Population: 37,483 p.
Slum Households: 6,000 approx.
• Mtwapa Town was profiled as part of
PSUP Phase 1 and, in Phase 2, an
action plan was outlined containing
the following agreed priorities with
respect to slum upgrading:
- Security of tenure
- Accessibility and Drainage
- Sanitation Facilities
- Solid Waste Management
- Public Lighting
Mtwapa

• Easy to manage from UN-HABITAT HQ
• Small population in Mtwapa to test approach, before going to bigger
sites
• Kenya’s Technological/Connectivity status:
- Mobile Telephone use: over 80%, with more internet and
mobile usage in Urban areas
- Competitive and lucrative Mobile industry, resulting in Kenya
mostly covered by 3G network
- Kenya is known for innovations in Mobile applications, as the
telephone money transfers’ system called M-Pesa.
Why Mtwapa ?

• Enabling legislature and policies highlighting ‘participation’ in Kenya
- Constitution of Kenya 2010: lays the foundation for public participation in
the country’s development agenda, describing people’s participation,
inclusiveness and sustainable development as national values and
principles of governance.
- County Governments Act 2012: Local Government to promote and
facilitate citizen participation in the development of policies and plans,
and in the delivery of services at local level.
- Urban Areas and Cities Act: Requires Urban Areas to have GIS based urban
plans developed with stakeholder participation.
- Public Financial Management Act: Requires demonstration/evidence of
public stakeholder participation.
- Draft National Urban Development Policy and Draft National Slum
Upgrading and Prevention Policy.
Why Mtwapa ? (cont´d)

Technical Setup
Analysis „Single Window“ in FUPOL Backend
Passive E-Participation Active E-Participation
Currently 114.000 postings in the DB from the Kilifi region

 Early warning system
 What is the current concern of citizens „Hot Topics“
 Social Media offer new opportunities complementing „traditional“ channels
such as surveys, face to face meetings
Hot Topics

Social Media Dashboard

Geolocalized Analytics

Opinion Maps and
Questionnaires
Analysis in FUPOL Backend

• Sensitization and Awareness of Central and Local Governments
• Buy-in by Government officials
• Sensitization and Awareness of concerned communities
• Buy-in by community leaders, elected residents committees, etc.
• Training of Government technical teams, elected residents
committees, youth and interested community members
• Recruitment of Assistant Community Mobilizers
• Testing, launch and operation of the e-tools
• Begin operation
Current Status

• Enabling Legal/ Policy Framework for Stakeholder and
Community Participation in Country Governance and Development.
• Political good will and buy-in.
• Available technology/connectivity.
• Informed and empowered community.
• Base data/base-maps.
• Skilled technical support.
• Basic IT equipment.
Success Factors

Thank you

E-Participation in Slum-Upgrading

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