2.  Community based tourism (CBT) is a community development
tool that strengthens the ability of rural communities to
manage tourism resources while ensuring the local
community’s participation.
 CBT can help local community in :
- Generating income
- Diversifying local economy
- Preserving culture
- Conserving environment
- Providing educational opportunities
 Thus can become a poverty reduction tool
2

3.  Recognize, support and promote community
ownership of tourism;
 Involve community members from the start
in every aspect;
 Promote community pride;
 Improve the quality of life;
 Ensure environmental sustainability;
3

4.  Preserve the unique character and culture of the
local area;
 Foster cross-cultural learning;
 Respect cultural differences and human dignity;
 Distribute benefits fairly among community
members;
 Contribute a fixed percentage of income to
community projects;
4

5.  Adds greatly to the cost of tourism planning
and development
 Lengthens the period needed to develop
tourism plans
 Majority local community can discriminate
against local ethnic minority groups
5

6.  Some general characteristics of CBT that have been
highlighted by UNEP and UNWTO are as follows:
- Involving appreciation not only of nature,but also of
cultures prevailing in natural areas, as part of the
visitor experience;
- Containing education as part of the tourist offer;
- Generally, but not exclusively, organised for small
groups by small, specialised and locally owned
businesses;
- Minimising negative impacts on the natural and socio-
cultural environment;
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7.  Some general characteristics of CBT that have been
highlighted by UNEP and UNWTO are as follows
(contd.)
- Supporting the protection of natural and cultural
areas by generating economic benefits from it;
- Providing alternative income and employment for
local communities; and
- Increasing local and visitor awareness of
conservation.
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8.  Monitoring of all CBT projects are important
 Helps to:
- Improve understanding of tourism effects on community
- Contribution of tourism towards community’s
sustainability goals
- Identify areas for improvement
- Identify areas where change is occurring
- Understand customer needs
- Manage finances
- Manage internal operations
- Understand the project’s progress
8

9. Benefits of monitoring CBT projects are:
 Evaluating project performance over time;
 Adapting project activities in light of the lessons learned
from monitoring;
 Prioritising future projects based on areas of greatest need;
 Improving project planning, development, and management;
 Ensuring all social categories, (including youth and women)
can benefit from CBT;
9

10. Benefits of monitoring CBT projects are:
 Improving policymaking;
 Increasing donor confidence;and
 Increasing understanding of sustainable tourism
amongst stakeholders.
10

11.  Examining the rationale for monitoring;
 Deciding who should monitor;
 Discussing what to measure;
 Thinking about the type of indicators to be used
 Reviewing the human and financial resources
available for monitoring; and
 Considering how to communicate monitoring results
to stakeholders.
11

12. 12
Collect
Data
Step 2
Identify Key Issues
Step 1
Plan the
Monitoring
Step 8
Review and Adapt
Step 3
Develop Indicators
Step 6
Plan the Response
Step 7
Communicate the Results
Step 5
Evaluate
Results
Step 4
Collect Data
CBT
Monitoring Cycle

13. Step Process
1. Planning to Monitor
-Discuss and plan the idea of monitoring with
the community
- Set objectives for monitoring
- Discuss general practical issues such as who
will be involved, the boundaries of the study
area, the resources required and timing for
monitoring
2. Scoping Key Issues
- Research key issues facing the community-
based tourism business and community
- Hold a community meeting to review and
prioritise issues
- Seek input of monitoring working group to
finalise list
3. Developing Indicators
- Review long list of existing indicators to
match these with the key issues
- Brainstorm in small groups to find new
indicators to match issues
- Screen potential indicators using simple
screening questions
- Fine-tune indicators with technical expertise
where necessary 13

14. Step Process
4.Collecting Data
- Identify data sources
- Design data collection methods such as
surveys and questionnaires
- Design a simple database to hold the results
5. Evaluating Results
-Establish year-one benchmarks
- Identify appropriate thresholds for
management response
6. Planning the Response
Identify poor performing indicator areas
Research possible causes for poor performance
Decide on a management response
Draw up an action plan
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15. Step Process
7. Communicating Results
-Design communication methods for different
stakeholder groups
- Publish results and update regularly
8. Reviewing and Adapting
- Review objectives and key issues
- Review indicators and data collection
- Review of management responses
15

16.  Attitude of central public administration,politics
 Lack of access to market information : locals not
well informed of tourism development
 Lack of appropriate legal systems : To defend
community interest and their participatory rights
 Lack of tourism expertise : No idea to local govt.
to encorporate CBT in planning
 Lack of qualified human resources
 Lack of financial resources
16

17.  http://books.google.ae/books?id=1WQtIOqVT
3gC&pg=PA123&dq=the+host+community&hl=
en&sa=X&ei=vBo8U5G6E6SM5AS9k4FY&ved=0
CDUQ6AEwAA#v=onepage&q=the%20host%20c
ommunity&f=false
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