power plant engineering for undergrauate engineering student

1. jahangirabad institute of technology

2. Diesel power plant
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3. General layout of diesel power
plant
Introduction:-
 The engines convert chemical energy in fuel in to
mechanical energy and then used to generate electricity is
known as diesel power plant.
A diesel engine takes in just air, compresses it and then
injects fuel into the compressed air.
 The heat of the compressed air lights the fuel
spontaneously.
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4. Continue…
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Fig :- Layout of diesel power plant

5. Components of Diesel power
plant
IC engine
Air intake system
Engine starting system
Fuel system
Exhaust system
Cooling system
Lubricating system
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6. Performance of diesel power
plant
The performance of the diesel engine means the power and
efficiency.
Indicated mean effective pressure:- From the area of
indicator diagram it is possible to find an average gas
pressure that while acting on piston throughout one stroke
would account for the network done.
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7. Continue…
 Indicated horse power (IHP):-
I.H.P. =
 Brake horse power (B.H.P.)
B.H.P.=
 Indicated thermal efficiency (ηi )
=
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XK
nNALP
4500
....
4500
2 NT
Cv.J)(W.
4500)(I.H.P.

8. Fuel system
From the main fuel tank, the fuel oil is transferred to the
consumption tank by a transfer pump through a filter.
Common types of injection system.
Common rail injection
Individual pump injection
Distributor system
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9. lubrication system
Types of lubricating system
 Splash system.
 Semi-pressure system.
 Full pressure system.
 Solid lubricants or dry sump lubrication system
 Mist lubrication system
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10. supercharging system
The purpose of supercharging is to raise the volumetric
efficiency above that value which can be obtained by normal
aspiration.
Types of supercharger:-
 Positive displacement type super chargers.
(a) Piston Cylinder type
(b) Roots blowers
(c) Vane blower
 Centrifugal type super chargers or turbo type.
 Turbo type super chargers.
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11. Exhaust system
The purpose of the exhaust system is to discharge the
engine exhaust to the atmosphere outside the main
building.
1. Exhaust noise should be reduced to a tolerable degree.
2. To reduce the air pollution at breathing level, Exhaust
should be exhausted well above the ground level
3. Pressure loss in the system should be reduced to
minimum.
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12. diesel plant operation and
efficiency
Diesel engines, large capacity industrial engines, deliver
efficiencies in the range of 35 – 42 %.
The power industry is trying to increase this conversion
efficiency of power plants to maximize electricity
generation and reduce environmental impact.
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13. Heat balance
It is a useful method to watch the performance of the
diesel power plant.
The following quantities are considered:
1. The quantity of fuel consumed during a given period.
2. Quantity of cooling water and its outlet and inlet
temperatures.
3. Weight of exhaust gases.
4. Temperature of exhausts gases.
5. Temperature of flue gases supplied.
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14. Site selection of diesel power
plant
 Ideal choice for the diesel electric power plants is as near the
load centre as possible in order to avoid transmission costs and
losses
 The factors to be considered for site selection of diesel power
plants are availability of water supply
 availability of fuel,
 availability of transportation facilities,
 distance from populated area
 availability of land at reasonable rate and of high bearing
capacity to withstand the load of the plant and also vibrations
transmitted to the foundation from compressors and diesel
engines.
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15. power plant with steam power
plant.
Diesel power plant Steam power plant
 Located anywhere as very less
water is required.
 Initial cost is the least.
 Highest running cost due to
high price of diesel
 Diesel is source of power
which is the least available
among all.
 Higher than hydro and nuclear
power plants.
 Located where water and coal and
transportation facilities are
adequate
 Initial cost is lower than hydro and
nuclear.
 Running cost is higher than
nuclear and hydro due to amount
of coal required
 Coal is source of power. So limited
quantity is available
 Cost of fuel transportation is
maximum due to large demand for
coal.
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