This is literature review.

1. Literature Review: Humanism
and Literary Theory
Paper No: 3 (Literature Review)
Enrollment No: 2069112220170004
Course: M.Phil
Submitted to: Department of English
MKBU
Submitted by: Dipti Vaghela

2. What is Literature Review?
• It is about what has been published on a topic
by accredited scholars and researchers.
• It is the process of standing on the shoulders
of giants.

3. Introduction
• This Review deals with some points as under,
• 1) Concept of Man
• 2) Two tracks of theory
• 3) Why reading literature important
• 4) Concept of Humanism or secular humanism
• 5) Religion as supportive to human
• 6) Religion makes harder to be peaceful
• 7) Culture and customs are connected
• 8) Humanity in right sense
• 9) Conclusion: human suffers out of religion

4. Concept of man
• According to materialism ‘man’ is material
components. His intellectual, emotional
aspects are nothing but a product of mind.
• According to idealism body of man is nothing
but a shell for the spirit of the intellect.

5. Two tracks of theory
• First one is practical criticism it means close
reading of books
• Second is text as key to understand ideas
beyond text. Rather to focus on only text it
asks big picture.

6. Why reading literature important?
• The purpose is to enhancement of
human values, to show true nature of
society, get more understanding of
human behavior, etc.

7. Concept of Humanism/ secular
humanism
• It is the belief that people can live using their
intelligence and reason rather than depending
on a god or religion.
• Secular humanism means denoting attitudes,
activities, or other thing that have no religious
or spiritual basis, not bound by religion rule,
etc.

8. Religion as a supportive to human
• It converts animal qualities of man to human
qualities, agent of social control, organizing
social life, etc.
• So, it is very important to survival of human
being, without it human can’t survive.

9. Religion makes harder to be peaceful
• It promotes tribalism, always to be obey, it
diverts good intentions, it teaches
helplessness, it seeks power, etc.
• These many things are bad things about
religion.

10. Religion, Culture and customs are
connected
• We can’t make it separate because these all
words are related with each other.
• Culture and customs are somewhere part of
religion.

11. Humanity in right sense
• It is about building a bond amongst the
society with the help of a sustainable value.
• Where happiness will come? ‘ where the mind
is without fear and the head is held high,
where knowledge is free. Where the world has
not been broken up into fragments by narrow
domestic walls…

12. Conclusion

13. • From those pie charts we come to know that
numbers of nonreligious people are
increasing. It may possible that one of the
reasons is that human beings are suffering
from our religions while nonreligious people
are free. As also describing in secular
humanism. . Religions also provide for rites of
passage such as marking birth, marriage and
death. (Buckingham)
•

14. Reference
• Balaji, Balamurali. Service to Humanity. Gandhian Institution.
<www.mkgandhi.org/articles/servicetohumanity.htm>.
• Buckingham, Janet Epp. "The Relationship between religion and a secular society." Vol. 9:3.
2012.
• Davies, Tony. "The Religion of Humanity." Davies, Tony. Humanism. 2nd Edition. New York:
Replika Press, 2008. 25-28.
• Gunasekara, Victor A. "The Core Principles of secular Humanism." vgweb.org.
<www.vgweb.org/manussa/coreprint.htm>.
• Hoebeler, J David. "New Humanism." First Principles (10): 1-2.
• Hokema, Anthony A. "Man." googleweblight.
• Klages, Mary. "Humanism and Literary Theory." uidaho.edu.
<http://www.colorado.edu/English/ENGL2012Klages/humanism.html>.
• Mische, Patricia. "The Significance of Religions for social justice and a culture of peace."
Journal of Religion, Conflict, and Peace 1 (2007).
• Taline, Ja. "10 most important functions of religion." December 2010.
• Tarico, Valerie. "6 Ways of Religion Does more Bad than good." 12 November 2014.
• Tucker-Ladd, Clay. "Why we need values and morals." talentdevelop.com.
<https://talentdevelop.com/articles/WWNVAM.html>.
• Yelnic, Juli. "Cultural values: definition, examples & importants." study.com.
<study.com/academy/lesson/cultural-values-definition-examples-importance.html>.

15. Thank you