1. The Fall of Communism The balkanization of Eastern Europe

2. Revolu tions of 1989 Sometimes called the Autumn of Nations, The Revolutions of 1989 were the series of events in Central and Eastern Europe in the autumn of 1989, when various Soviet-style Communist governments were overthrown in the space of a few months.

3. The breakup of Yugoslavia

5. Balkanizati on A geopolitical term originally used to describe the process of fragmentation or division of a region into smaller regions that are often hostile or non-cooperative with each other.

6. Slavic languages Historic Distribution The area shaded in light purple is the Prague-Penkov-Kolochin complex of cultures of the 6th to 7th c. AD, likely corresponding to the spread of Slavic tribes at the time.

7. Ottomans Under Suleiman the Magnificent, they captured Belgrade in 1521. The city's Hungarian defenders, who had pleaded in vain for reinforcements from German princes preoccupied with the upheavals of the Reformation, were slaughtered.

8. Ottoman Empire Also known as the Turkish Empire , it existed from 1299 to 1923. At the height of its power in the 16th and 17th centuries, its territory included Anatolia, the Middle East, parts of North Africa, and much of south-eastern Europe to the Caucasus.

9. Nationalism Slavic pride Romanticized Russian painting of Slavs during the Middle Ages.

10. Marshall Tito Yugoslavia is created at the end of World War II as a communist republic when a federation of six communist states replaces the monarchy. Marshal Josip Broz Tito, a resistance fighter who led the underground against Nazi occupation, takes charge of the new republic -- a tenure that will last until his death in 1980.

11. Why did Communism fail? In this book, the author condemns exclusionary and militaristic nationalism, as obsolete and mortally dangerous to mankind. He illustrates dilemmas facing Western-democratically inclined intellectuals in Serbia.

12. Слободан Милошевић Slobodan Milošević ; (20 August 1941 – 11 March 2006) was President of Serbia and of Yugoslavia. He served as President of Serbia from 1989 to 1997 and then President of the Federal Republic of Yugoslavia from 1997 to 2000. He also led Serbia's Socialist Party from its foundation in 1992 to 2001.

13. Ethnic cleansing During the 1990s it was used extensively by the media in the former Yugoslavia in relation to the Yugoslav wars. This massacre occurred near Kosovo.

14. European Response

15. Milosevic’s downfall He was forced to resign following a popular uprising against his rule. A year later Milošević was extradited to stand trial in the The Hague but died after five years in prison with just fifty hours of testimony left before the conclusion of the trial. Milošević, who suffered from chronic heart ailments, high blood pressure and diabetes, died of a heart attack Bosnian Muslims pray before the burial of 78 bodies exhumed from mass graves around Vlasenica, Bosnia and Herzegovina.

16. NATO The North Atlantic Treaty Organisation (NATO), is an international organization for defense collaboration established in 1949.

18. Air Quality Air pollution in Europe is linked to many major health problems. Urban air quality in particular is considered very poor. Over 70% of all Europeans live in cities and it is reported that more than 1 in 4 children have asthma related illnesses.

19. Air Pollution Europe has led the world in the reduction of greenhouse gas and sulphur dioxide emissions over the last ten years. However, with its high population density and its advanced industrial economy, Europe remains one of the worlds most polluting regions.

20. Free Trade "Free markets and open trade are the best weapons against poverty, disease and tyranny," said President George W. Bush speaking about a pursuing a free trade agreement with all the countries of Central America at the World Affairs Council National Conference held at the Organization of American States in Washington, D. C., Jan. 16.

21. Effects of Fall of Communism Which effect accurately completes the flow chart? A. Government ownership of businesses expands. B. Competition in business and industry declines. C. Private ownership of businesses and free enterprise begins. D. All profits shared equally by workers.