2. S. cerevisiae
+ CO2 +

3. Malting
3
5–
7

4. Mashing
Malt
adjun
t T
4 enz malt

5. 1. 45 C 30 – 60
protease
2. 56 – 62 C 5 – 30
-amylase
3. 57 – 72 C 14 – 45
-amylase
4. 75 – 80 C 5 – 10
wort

6. Wort
hops
1.5 – 2

7. wort
10 C
5
0–4C
2
&

8. bottom yeast
S. carlsbergensis
C6H12O6 2
S. cerevisiae
2C H OH + 2CO
5 2
+ glycerol acetic
ethanol +

9. Clostridium butyric
acid
S. pastorianus
Hansenula anomala
Pediococcus

10. (18 – 24 Brix, 0.4 – 0.6
%, pH 3.5 – 4.0)

11. red – 22 C, white 12 – 15
C)

12. Winemaking
Process
Grape picking Fining
Destemming Maturation
Crushing Stabilization
Pressing Aging
Settling Blending
Fermentation Filtration
Racking Bottling

13. S. cerevisiae
Film yeast oxidize alc -> acid
Acetobacter alc -> acetic
Lactic acid bacteria L. brevis

14. Leuconostoc
mesenteroides Leuc.
Dextranicum
Mucor, Penicillium,
Aspergillus
cork taint

15. salami

17. probiotic
(106 cfu/g)
LAB
Streptococcus thermophilus
Lactobacillus bulgaricus

18. probiotics
lactose

19. Streptococcus
thermophilus
Lactobacillus bulgaricus
40 –
49 C

20. Lactic acid bacteria Strep.
lactis
curd

23. Vinegar
3

24. Acetic acid 5 %
cider
Acetobacter,

25. 3
[alc] 7 –
13 %
5
Starter 1/3

26. Generator
4 – 10 (acetic
acid ~ 11 %)

27. DAP, urea, peptone, yeast
extract

28. Submerged
Process
~ 36 starter

29. Yeast S. cerevisiae -> alc
Gluconobacter, Acetobacter
T > 30 C MO
Film yeast
oxidize acetic

30. Dough, gluten

31. Koji =
Aspergillus oryzae
25 – 30 C, 3

32. 30 C, 3
[ ] 24 %
2 – 12
Protease, amylase

33. A. oryzae
LAB L. delbrueckii
B. subtilis, Ped. halophilus
S. rouxii

34. 1
2
15 % 3
=
15 % 5%

35. Single
cell protein (SCP)
S. cerevisiae

36. SCP
60 – 70 %

37. Scenedesmus acutus,
Spirulina maxima
CO2

38. Pseudomonas,
Hydrogenomonas,
Cellulomonas
%

39. Candida utilis
pH

41. Glutamate , MSG
Corynebacterium
Lysine

42. Dextran
polysaccharide
Leuconostoc
mesenteroides

43. Xanthan
Xanthomonas campestris

44. Homofermentative LAB
Lactobacillus delbruekii, L.
bulgaricus

45. citric acid
Aspergillus niger
+N

46. Amylase
Rhizopus, Mucor, A.
oryzae, A. niger, B. subtilis

47. Invertase
glu + fruc
S. cerevisiae

48. Protease
B. subtilis, A. oryzae