The document discusses eye movement control systems in humans. It describes the different types of eye movements including saccades, smooth pursuit, optokinetic, and vestibulo-ocular reflexes. It outlines the major brainstem control centers involved including the PPRF, riMLF, MLF, vestibular nuclei, and cerebellum. Supranuclear control is provided by the frontal eye fields, parieto-occipital junction, and superior colliculus. Common eye movement disorders are also summarized.

1. Supra Nuclear Eye Movement Control

10. Eye Movements-Morphological Classification

11. Eye Movements-Functional Classification Gaze Shift Gaze Maintenence Saccades : To bring images of objects of interest onto the fovea Optokinetic : To hold images on the retina during sustained head rotation Smooth pursuit : To keep the image of a moving target on the fovea Vestibular : To hold images on the retina during brief head rotations Vergence : To move the eyes in opposite directions Fixation : To hold eyes conjugately in a particular position

12. Saccade Control

13. Major Structures in Saccade Control

14. Saccadic System

17. Final Common Integrator Hypothesis

22. Smooth Pursuit Control

23. Smooth Pursuit System

26. Vestibulo Ocular Reflex

27. Vestibulo Ocular Pathways

30. Eye Movement Control – Overview

45. Supra Nuclear Eye Movement Disorders

47. Horizontal Gaze Palsy Localization

48. Vertical Gaze Palsy Localization

49. Tonic Gaze Deviation

54. Smooth Pursuit Disorders

55. Vergence abnormalities

57. Thank You