Rhinosporidiosis

Rhinosporidiosis By Dr. T. Balasubramanian M.S. D.L.O.

Definition Rhinosporidiosis has been defined as a chronic granulomatous disease characterized by production of polyps and other manifestations of hyperplasia of nasal mucosa. The etiological agent is Rhinosporidium seeberi.

Rhinosporidium seeberi ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

History ,[object Object],1892 - Malbran observed the organism in nasal polyp 1900 - Seeber described the organism 1903 - O'Kineley described its histology 1905 - Minchin & Fantham studied O'Kineley's tissue and named the organism as Rhinosporidium Kinealyi 1913 - ZSchokke reported similar organism in horses and named it Rhinosporidium equi 1923 - Ashworth described its life cycle 1924 - Forsyth described skin lesion 1924 - Thirumoorthy reported the first female patient 1936 - Cefferi establised the identity of R. Seeberi and R. Equi 1953 - Demellow described the mode of its transmission

Incidence / geographical description ,[object Object],More than 90% of cases have been reported from India / Srilanka Madurai, Ramnad, Rajapalayam, and Sivaganga are endemic zones in Tamilnadu Transmission is possibly due to taking bath in common ponds

Theories of spread ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Karunarathnae ‘s theory ,[object Object],Karunarathnae postulated that Rhinosporidium seeberi existed in a dimorphic state. It existed in a saprophytic form in soil and water. It took a yeast form inside tissues. This ability to exist in dimorphic state helps it to survive hostile environment for a long period of time.

Reasons for endemicity ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Life cycle (Ashworth) ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Life cycle (Ashworth) ,[object Object]

Life cycle (Recent) ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Life cycle (Recent) ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Life cycle (Recent) ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Life cycle (Recent) ,[object Object]

Clinical classification ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Common sites affected ,[object Object],Nose - 78% Nasopharynx - 68% Tonsil - 3% Eye - 1% Skin - very rare

Features of nasal Rhinosporidiosis ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Histopathology of nasal Rhinosporidiosis ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Features of nasal Rhinosporidiosis ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Reasons of chronicity ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Treatment ,[object Object],[object Object]

Rhinosporidiosis

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Rhinosporidiosis