The main goal of this presentation is how to do research in particular field of engineering. For an example this presentation describes design of Vehicle tracking and monitoring system. So how to do research in particular field by referring standard IEEE papers is described in this presentation.

1. Design and Implementation of
Vehicle tracking & Monitoring
System
PREPARED BY -
DARSHAN BHATT
(150320704001)
SUBJECT: Research Skills
COURSE: ME (EC) – SEM 1

2. • Safety and security of a vehicle is of prime most importance for its
owner.
• Vehicle tracking is needed in the unfortunate event of vehicle theft.
• Vehicle tracking system silently records locations, movements and
speed of the vehicle in which it is placed.
• Applications of vehicle tracking include monitoring driving behavior,
and parent with a teen driver and also used in theft prevention.
• Stolen vehicle recovery can be done.
• Surveillance applications
Introduction

3. Literature Review

4. Related Technologies and Techniques
• Wireless Sensor Network (WSN)
• Mobile communication – X1 transmitter + GSM + Google MAP
• Wireless communication – GPS & GSM + Arduino UNO
• GPS/GSM/GPRS + Google MAP
• Embedded Technology – GPS/GPRS/GSM + Raspberry Pi

5. System Components for Vehicle Tracking
• A vehicle tracking system has four main components:
A sensing and communication unit - to detect the presence of a vehicle
A classification unit - to classify the detected vehicle
Processing unit - for tracking
An energy source

6.  WSN enables remote monitoring of objects and environment.
 WSN assists user to detect target and get the movement information of the target.
 To detect and monitor the target (vehicle), WSN use these hardware tools:
METHOD 1
Vehicle Tracking using WSN
Honeywell’s HMC1002
(Magnetic Sensor)
MicaZ
(Wireless Medium)
MTS 310
(Data Acquisition Board)

7. Experimental Setup
Constant Velocity Model
(Too much error)
Constant Acceleration Model
(Error at curved Paths)
Constant Jerk Model
(Error at straight Paths)
+
Gives better results

8. Strength & Gaps
STRENGTH
• Magnetic sensor HMC1002 are
extremely sensitive to earth’s
magnetic field.
• It detects the vehicle even at
very high speed.
• They are cost effective.
• High sensitivity & high
reliability
• Small in size
GAPS
• HMC1002 is low range magnetic
sensor.
• Measurements acquired from the
sensor node are noisy.
• Tracking was implemented using
constant velocity model which is
not an accurate algorithm.
• This model did not perform well
at curved path.

9. METHOD 2
Vehicle Tracking System using GSM Modem & Google
Map
• Hardware Required: GSM Modem, Transmitter,Receiver.
• Software Required: Google Map, Diafaan, MySOL Database.
GSM Modem Intellitrac’s X1 Transmitter Google Map

10. Remote Vehicle Tracking System Block Diagram

11. Strengths & Gaps
• This system uses google map sevice to
displaying the position of vehicle
which is now becoming a one of the
popular application from google.
• Google map having a user friendly
graphical interface.
• GSM allows user to send SMS up to
160 characters.
• Cost effective
• The greatest disadvantage of GSM
module is that multiple users share the
same BW.
• Electronic Interference occurred
during transmission via GSM.
• Sometimes noisy results are generated
from the transmitter side.
STRENGTH GAPS

12. METHOD 3
Vehicle Tracking System using GPS & GSM
Modem
• Main components : GPS & GSM Modem, Micro-controller
u-blox NEO 6Q
(GPS Module)
u-blox LEON-G100
(GSM Module)
Arduino UNO
(Microcontroller)

13. Vehicle Tracking System Block Diagram

14. Strengths & Gaps
• The system can provide improved
customizability.
• It has global operability.
• GPS module used in this technique
is Cost effective and provides high
performance.
• Robust functionality and variety of
applications of Arduino UNO
makes more functional the vehicle
tracking system.
• GPS receivers are Electrostatic
sensitive device (ESD) & require
special precautions when
handling.
• Programming related problems
occured in use of Arduino UNO
• Two basic places of failure are
faulty wiring and faulty coding
with Arduino UNO.
STRENGTH GAPS

15. METHOD 4
Vehicle Tracking using GPS/GSM/GPRS+Google
Map
• Hardware components: GPS receiver, GSM, Arduino UNO R3
• Software component: Google Map
GPS MODULE – EM-406 GSM/GPRS module – SM5100B

16. Layout of the Vehicle Tracking system

17. Strengths & Gaps
• This system uses google map service
to displaying the position of vehicle
which is now becoming a one of the
popular application from google.
• System implementation cost is low as
compared to the previous system.
• This system provides the facility of
store the recorded data using MySQL
database management system.
• Electronic Interference occurred
during transmission via GSM.
• Facing complexity in implementation
of programs in micro-controller.
• Other extra programming needed to
access the MySQL database
management system.
STRENGTH GAPS

18. • The proposed system works on GPS/GPRS/GSM SIM900A Module
which includes all the three things namely GPS GPRS GSM. The GPS
current location of the vehicle; GPRS sends the tracking information
to the server and the GSM is used for sending alert message to
vehicle’s owner mobile.
• Vehicle tracking using recent technology – Raspberry Pi &
Smartphone application
• Specified path inside raspberry pi file system which is taken from
owner’s android smartphone.
METHOD 5
Vehicle Tracking & Monitoring using Embedded
Linux Board

19. • Hardware components : Raspberry pi board, temperature and gas
leakage sensors, GPS/GPRS/GSM Module
• Software requirement: MySQL database system, web browser
Hardware & Software requirement in Vehicle
Tracking & Monitoring
LPG Gas leakage sensor
(MQ-6)
Temperature Sensor

20. GPS/GPRS/GSM MODULE – SIM900A
• This module get communicate with
Raspberry Pi via USB interface.
• The longitudes and latitudes of the
current path received from GPS get
compared with the stored
longitudes and latitudes in the
particular file format inside the
database of raspberry pi. If that
longitudes and latitudes not match
with the stored one then wrong
path detection alert massage will
get sent to vehicle’s owner mobile.

21. • If the driver drives the vehicle in the wrong path, then the alert
message is sent from the system to vehicle’s owner mobile and also
speaker alert done using raspberry pi’s audio jack.
• If the vehicle’s speed goes beyond the specified limit then warning
message will be sent from system to owner’s mobile.
• Traveler’s safety increased by using – gas leakage sensor, temperature
sensor
Working of tracking system

22. System Interfacing

23. Flow chart of the
safety system

24. Strengths & Gaps
• Easy detection mechanism of
wrong path of the vehicle.
• This system provides vehicle’s
current location and speed to the
vehicle’s owner’s mobile.
• Safety mechanism for students
also provided in this system.
• The system cost and implementation
cost is increased due to the use of
Raspberry Pi B+ module.
• System complexity increased because
of raspberry pi and extra connections
for different types of sensors.
STRENGTH GAPS

25. Future Scope
• For future work, design of vehicle tracking system can be undertaken on multilayer PCB
to reduce wire complexities.
• We can implement a system using combination of constant acceleration and constant jerk
model to get the advantages of both.
• Reliability can be improved and other additional features can be implemented with the
tracking and monitoring module.
• We can also enhance this system by implementing carbon monoxide sensor to control the
pollution cause by the vehicle.
• For better safety we can implement an alcohol sensor with the tracking system for
detection of alcohol concentration in the breath of the driver.

26. References
• P.Choudhari, “Development of vehicle tracking system using passive sensor”, IEEE,
International conference on communication, information & computing technology
(ICCICT), ISBN: 978-1-4577-2078-9, Oct-2012.
• Hoang Dat Pham, Drieberg M, Chi Cuong Nguyen, “Development of vehicle tracking
system using GPS & GSM modem”, IEEE, International conference on open system
(ICOS), ISBN: 978-1-4799-0285-9, Dec 2013.
• Ahmad Fuad M.R, Drieberg M, “Remote vehicle tracking system using GSM modem &
google map”, IEEE conference on sustainable utilization and development in engineering
and technology, ISBN: 978-1-4673-4691-7, 2013.
• Seokju Lee, Tewolde G, Jaerock Kwon, “Design and Implementation of vehicle tracking
using GPS/GSM/GPRS technology and Smartphone application”, IEEE world forum on
Internet of Things (IoT), ISBN: 978-1-4799-3459-1, 2014.
• Shinde P.A, Mane Y.B, Tarange P.H, “Real time vehicle monitoring & tracking system
based on embedded Linux board and Android application”, IEEE International conference
on Circuit, power & computing technologies (ICCPCT), ISBN:978-1-4799-7075-9,
March 2015.