Given by: Dr Terry van Gevelt Our Seoul media workshop was a two-day residential event featuring a combination of background briefings from local and international experts and entrepreneurs on energy markets and developments in the South East Asian off-grid sector. The workshop offered an opportunity to explore the Smart Villages concept and study nascent Smart Village projects and relevant technologies from around the world.

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DAY 1 – FRIDAY JUNE 12TH - CONCEPT AND OFF-GRID ENERGY
FACILITATION/CHAIR: RICHARD HAYHURST
09.00 Welcome & introductions
09.30 Smart Village concept – Dr Terry van Gevelt, University of Cambridge
10.15 Video case study – Terrat Village, Tanzania
10.30 Break
11.00 Group discussion: taking energy for granted
What is it like having to live without (reliable) energy?
11.30 Presentation – Dr Alvin Yeo, UNIMAS (Universit Malaysia Sarawak
Employing ICT for Socio-Economic Development in Remote and Rural Communities in Malaysian Borneo:
A Holistic, Interdisciplinary and Participatory Approach
12.15 Video case study – Cinta Mekar, Indonesia
12.30 Lunch
14.00 Group discussion: in-country examples
14.45 Insights in energy reporting, journalistic practice & challenges across different global regions – Sharon
Schmickle, Julia Vitullo-Martin
15.30 Break
16.00 Video case study – Light Up Borneo, Sabah, Malaysia
16.15 Group discussion: technology options –Where is cutting-edge research taking us? Dr Claudia Canales
17.00 Video case study – SACASOL, Philippines
17.30 Close

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DAY 2 – SATURDAY JUNE 13TH - BENEFITS AND CHALLENGES
FACILITATION/CHAIR: RICHARD HAYHURST
09.00 Recap of day 1; Technology leapfrogging benefits
09.15 Entrepreneurship case study - EKOCENTER
09.45 Presentation – Dr Chong Eng Tan, UNIMAS
Objective-Oriented Technology Innovation for ICT Adoption in the Remote and Rural Areas
10.30 Break
11.00 Health case study – QUANTUMDX
Video case study – Swasthya Slate, India
11.45 Journalism challenge - Smart City analogy - JVM/SS
13.00 Lunch
•
14.00 Group exercise – imagining a smart village
15.00 Insights in energy reporting – Sharon Schmickle, Julia Vitullo-Martin
15.30 Break
16.00 E4SV Stories, Images and Blogs – Dr Claudia Canales-Holzeis, University of Oxford
16.30 E4SV Future activities, opportunities, conclusions and finish – Richard Hayhurst
17.00 Close

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CONCEPT AND OFF-GRID ENERGY
• 3 year project with related activities in 5 regions – W&E
Africa, SE Asia, India, South America
• Off grid energy to rural communities and potential impact
• Bottom up approach – listening to ambitions, mapping
on-ground initiatives,
• Matching with general progress, leading to policy advice
at national and international level
• Give you a background on off-grid renewable energy –
key issue in Paris

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CONCEPT AND OFF-GRID ENERGY
• Energy provision roughly kept track with population
growth
• Still an off-grid population + poor quality access
• Pico/nano solutions – good penetration, no longer toys,
big guys moving in
• Mini-grids – fallacy that private sector will provide
• Hub and spoke approach
• Metrics a developing field – Multi-tiered access key to
new Sustainability Goals of Energy Access for All

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CONCEPT AND OFF-GRID ENERGY
• Terrat – our first smart village – jatropha as biofuel, from
darkness to light, stimulating entrepreneurship, health,
community
• ICT as enabling technology via UNIMAS telecentres
• Working with remote communities at their pace, on their
terms
• Forest signs saving knowledge and passing on to young
generation
• Handicrafts – installing ambition, go for high end
products
• Deconstruction stories from Myanmar, Vietnam

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CONCEPT AND OFF-GRID ENERGY
• Local examples – Abdallah on Nigerian SERC’s 3 offgrid
villages, Lominda on Biogas from cowdung for school
cooking, solar for vegetable drying, Yao on Philippines
and bicycle power, Anna on island using solar for battery
charging
• State of technology – solar forges ahead, storage
investment, biofuel energy/cost ratios, floating hydro,
geothermal, new appliances (DC), powerful enough for
pumps, mobile coverage (google) – watch out for Otech.
• Need for researchers to take into account developing
world applications right from the beginning

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WHY ARE WE HERE, WHAT ARE WE DOING?
• WE HAVE SOME NEW THINKING
WE BELIEVE JOURNALISTS ARE BEST WAY TO SPREAD THIS
VALUE YOUR INSIGHTS, INDEPENDENCE AND INDIVIDUALITY
• WE WANT TO PROVIDE INSPIRATION, CONTEXT, CASE STUDIES, DATA AND CONTACTS
TO FOLLOW SMART VILLAGES OVER NEXT 2.5 YEARS
• 2ND WORKSHOP – FIRST IN KIGALI, OTHERS TO FOLLOW IN INDIA, BOLIVIA AND WEST
AFRICA
MIX OF PRESENTATIONS, CASE STUIDES, EXERCISES AND DISCUSSION
INTERACTIVE
REPORT AND NETWORK

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WHY NOW?
• PARIS CLIMATE CHANGE TALKS
• SUSTAINABILITY GOALS – ENERGY ACCESS
FOR ALL
• LOCAL SITUATION
• TECHNOLOGY TIPPING POINT
• PROTO SMART VILLAGES

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THE SMART VILLAGES CONCEPT
Dr Terry van Gevelt
Project Manager, Smart Villages Initiative
Research Associate, University of Cambridge

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A RURAL ANALOGUE TO SMART CITIES
• 47% of world’s population
• 70% of world’s poor

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ENERGY AND RURAL DEVELOPMENT
• 1.3 billion individuals
without electricity
• 3 billion suffer from
energy poverty
• Overwhelming
majority in rural areas
(85%)

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ENERGY AND DEVELOPMENT

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ENERGY AND DEVELOPMENT

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ENERGY AND DEVELOPMENT: SOUTH KOREA
• Saemaul Undong (New Village movement)
• Arguably the most successful modern
integrated rural development strategy
• Top-down and bottom-up approach that
balanced local control and participation
with central government control

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ENERGY AND DEVELOPMENT: SOUTH KOREA

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ENERGY AND DEVELOPMENT: SOUTH KOREA

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ENERGY AND DEVELOPMENT: SOUTH KOREA
Today he has electricity and television, access to motortillers and
mechanical transport, and his life is comfortable, but, like most
Koreans his age, he remembers when things were different. In
his youth most farming was done by hard stoop labour, and one
family could manage only a small farm. Fields were reaped with
a sickle, and every day for weeks afterwards farmers like Chang
had to spread dried sheaves in the courtyards and thresh them
with a flail. Wives had to separate the grain from the chaff with
winnowing baskets, and husk each day’s grain laboriously with a
mortar and pestle.
Sorensen (1988:3)

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ENERGY AND DEVELOPMENT: SOUTH KOREA

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RURAL ELECTRIFICATION

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INCUMBENT TECHNOLOGY BUNDLE
Technology Generation capacity (W) Services available Estimated economic cost
Fuel-based lighting, dry
cell batteries, fee-based
mobile phone charging
N/A Lighting, radio communication
reception, two-way mobile
communication
Day-to-day payments for
increments of energy

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HOME SOLUTIONS
Technology Generation capacity
(W)
Energy sources Services available Estimated economic
cost
Pico-lighting solution 0.1 - 10 Hydro, wind, solar Lighting, radio
communication
reception, two-way
mobile communication
US$ 10-100

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HOME SOLUTIONS
Technology Generation capacity
(kW)
Energy sources Services available Estimated economic
cost
Stand-alone home
systems
10 – 1,000 Hydro, wind, solar Same as PLS plus
additional lighting and
communication,
television, fans, limited
motive and heat power
US$ 75 – 1,000

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MINIGRIDS
Technology Generation capacity
(kW)
Energy sources Services available Estimated economic
cost
Mini-grids 1 - 1000 Hydro, wind, solar,
biomass; diesel; hybrid
combinations
Same as SHS plus
enhanced motive and
heat power, and ability
to power community-
based services
Medium-large capital
cost, low marginal cost
to end-user

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ENERGY SYSTEMS
Cost to
consumer
Population Density
Home systems Minigrids

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HUB-AND-SPOKE MODEL

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INTEGRATED RURAL DEVELOPMENT

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LINKING ENERGY AND DEVELOPMENT
• Electricity  development?
• Lighting, Television vs. Income generation
• Energy requirements
…a society’s ability to harness energy [is] the basis of development
- Spencer (1897)
…the energy available to man limits what he can do and influences what he
will do.
- Cottrell (1955)

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LINKING ENERGY AND DEVELOPMENT: S. KOREA
• Agriculture
– Electricity-powered processing
– Seedlings nurtured in greenhouses
– Television programs for farmers (85%)
– Diversified crop portfolios
– High value cash crops
– Larger-scale ranch management for livestock

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LINKING ENERGY AND DEVELOPMENT: S. KOREA
• Agriculture
– Urban demand
– Market structured by cooperatives
– Processing and storage infrastructure
– Increased information improved rural
household bargaining power

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LINKING ENERGY AND DEVELOPMENT: S. KOREA
• Rural industry
– Companies manufacturing light industrial
goods for export and domestic markets
• Food processing, textiles, leather products, wigs,
furniture, paper products, chemicals, ceramics,
electronics and machine parts

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LINKING ENERGY AND DEVELOPMENT: S. KOREA

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PILLARS OF RURAL DEVELOPMENT
EnergyInfrastructure
(physical/ICT)
Market structuring
Education
Champions
Entrepreneurs
Health

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THE SMART VILLAGES INITIATIVE
Project team:
Universities of
Cambridge and
Oxford
Key partners:
- National Science
Academies
- Practical Action / TERI
Funding:
charitable
foundations:
CMEDT & TWCF

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REGIONAL ENGAGEMENT
 East Africa – June 2014
 SE Asia – January 2015
 South Asia – October 2015
 South America – January 2016
 West Africa – April 2016
 Central America – November 2016

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THE SMART VILLAGES INITIATIVE
Focus: pico -systems, stand-alone home systems, micro-
/mini-grids
Policy advice: an insightful, ‘view from the frontline’ of the
challenges of village energy provision for development, and
how they can be overcome
Approach: bring together the key players: villagers,
entrepreneurs, academics, NGO’s, financers, regulators and
policy makers etc:
 What are the barriers?
 How can they be overcome?
 What messages to funders and policy makers?

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OUR ACTIVITIES
Regional engagement activities
Forward-look workshops
Entrepreneurial competitions
Case study documentation
Impact evaluations
Technical reports
Policy briefs
Edited books
Final workshops
Six international workshops

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Thank you for your attention
www.e4sv.org | info@e4sv.org | @e4SmartVillages