1) The document discusses strategic spatial planning processes and territorial governance configurations in urban regions. It covers topics like plan making, plan implementation through projects, and examples from different case studies. 2) In plan implementation, strategic urban projects are used to help realize plans in a limited funding environment. Projects are often area-specific or functionally-oriented and involve collaborations between public entities and private interest groups. 3) The Dublin case study shows how "Strategic Development Zones" allow for a fast-track planning process for lands deemed strategically important. The Helsinki-Uusimaa case involved interest groups and integrated expert knowledge on issues like transportation and green infrastructure.

1. Thursday, November 9
• Part I: Territorial Governance in Strategic Spatial Planning
• Part II: Examples for Strategic Spatial Plan Making
Eduardo Oliveira
eduardo.oliveira@wsl.ch
Expert Workshop The Impact of Strategic Spatial Plans on Land Change in
Urban Regions: Debating Plan Making and Plan Implementation
9-10 November 2017

2. Example at 14:25
Aim 2
In strategic spatial
plan implementation through
projects (3rd step)
14 urban regions
In strategic spatial
plan making phase (1st step)
In-depth Interviewing
Investigating Territorial Governance Configurations in
Strategic Spatial Planning Processes
In strategic spatial
plan implementation phase
(2nd step)
Eduardo Oliveira
eduardo.oliveira@wsl.ch

3. Based on Oliveira (2016); Bryson and Roering, (1988); Poister and
Streib, (1999): Quinn, (1980); Healey (1997); Kunzmann, (2000);
Mintzberg, (1994); Albrechts (2004).
Formal and informal processes through which
• Governmental institutions (e.g. regional
governments);
• Non-governmental organizations (e.g.
environmental NGOs);
• Profit-oriented interest groups (e.g. real estate
agents; retail companies; other businesses);
• Educational institutions (e.g. universities;
research institutes)
• Civic-minded developers come together to:
 To share interests and tacit/expert
knowledge;
 To identify and set key priority areas of
intervention;
 To scrutinize the available resources (e.g.
financial; land);
 To make decisions regarding the
development of a territory
Aim 2
Territorial Governance Strategic Spatial Plans
• Are transformative and integrative; often public-
sector-led involving multi-level governance
configurations;
• SSP are well established practice in many
European (e.g. Stockholm), North America (e.g.
Toronto) and Australasian (e.g. Melbourne; Pearl
Delta River region, China) urban regions;
• Some of main objectives:
 To frame long term spatial logic for land
use, for resource protection, for sustainable
development and for spatial quality:
 To shape the development, transformation,
structural change of an urban region;
 To deal in an integrated manner with
sustainability, liveability, climate change,
low carbon growth, green transport and
green & grey infrastructures;
Based on Schmitt & Van Well (2016a); Mäntysalo, Kangasoja &
Kanninen (2015); Legacy (2010); Davoudi et al. (2008); Healey et al.
(2006).

4. Governance
in
planning?

5. Governance in plan making
The involvement of actors Processes and tools
• Interest groups involvement
 Chambers of commerce, retail or industry;
NGOs; think tanks; transport associations,
including freight agents, port authorities
and national railway companies; and
cultural associations;
• Integration of expert knowledge
 Knowledge produced by universities,
research centres and other scientific
organizations;
• Citizen participation
 Operationalized through more traditional
means, such as workshops and public
meetings, or by using online platforms,
including geographic information systems;
• Negotiation
 Facilitates the allocation of financial,
human and natural resources, and helps to
overcome conflicts that often emerge
among interest groups and between
interest groups and governmental
institutions
• Consensus building
 Making it certain that the content of the
plan will satisfy the overall interests.
• Consolidated planning practice
 The experience in dealing with strategic
spatial planning at the urban region level
• Coordinating role of the leadership
 A public institution which has the role of
facilitating decision-making, driving
change, showing direction and motivating
others to follow.
• Multilevel government coordination
 Coordination between city and regional
councils;

6. Vienna
Citizen participation
is manifested in 7 out of 14 cases
Integration of expert knowledge
is manifested in 6 out of the 14 cases
Interest groups involvement
is manifested in all of the cases
Consensus building
is manifested in 5 out of the 14 cases
Consolidated planning practice
is manifested in 5 out of the 14 cases
Coordinating role of the leadership
is manifested in 4 out of the 14 cases
Multilevel government coordination
is manifested in 11 out of the 14 cases
Negotiation
is manifested in 10 out of 14 cases
The involvement of actors
Processes and tools
Except in

7. Governance in plan implementation
Negotiation
Funding
Schemes
Interest groups:
 Urban developers, will support your public
entity by providing access roads as well as
public spaces, support the maintenance of
green areas as part of the planning
permission to build the requested number
of houses.
Interest Groups Leadership
The leadership:
 Allows to build the requested number of
houses in the zoned area if you also build
the necessary primary infrastructures such
as access roads, public spaces and
maintain green areas.

8. Interest groups
‘give’ support on
infrastructure
and the leadership
‘give’ planning
permissions
Plan implementation
actions
are scheduled
and
prioritized
Interest groups
‘take’ support for
area specific
projects and the
leadership ‘take’
infrastructure
support
Exercises ‘give and take’ Prioritizes Promotes
Interest Groups Leadership
Funding Schemes
Involves Discusses Coordinates
Negotiation
Provide certainty to
land change as
likely local plans
comply with the
strategic spatial
plan in force at the
urban regional level

9. Transportation Green-infrastructures Housing
Retail Industry Finance / business
In strategic spatial plan implementation through projects
Are area-specific (e.g. dev. zones) and functionally-oriented (e.g.
transport) projects derived directly from the content of the strategic spatial
plan or prepared after the publication of a local development plan
(e.g., at municipal level) elaborated in line with a strategic plan.

10. THE REASONS FOR THE IMPLEMENTATION of strategic spatial plans
through strategic urban projects:
TERRITORIAL GOVERNANCE ARRANGEMENTS BEHIND the
implementation of strategic plans through development projects:
Main urban function of the projects
Transportation Green-infrastructures Housing
 Limited public funding;
 Scarce land resources;
 Repurposing of outdated facilities (industrial, harbour);
 Environmental preoccupations.
 Collaborations among public entities
 Collaborations between public entities and private interest groups.

11. Dublin case: fast-track plan implementation modus operandi
“Strategic Development Zones (SDZs)
were established in planning
legislation in 2000. They enable
government to designate certain
parcels of land for
A FAST TRACK PLANNING
PROCESS
where the development of those
lands is considered to be of
STRATEGIC IMPORTANCE”

12. Thursday, November 9
• Part II: Examples for Strategic Spatial Plan Making
Eduardo Oliveira
eduardo.oliveira@wsl.ch
Expert Workshop The Impact of Strategic Spatial Plans on Land Change in
Urban Regions: Debating Plan Making and Plan Implementation
9-10 November 2017

13. Helsinki-Uusimaa case study, Finland
In strategic spatial plan making phase

14. Helsinki-Uusimaa case study, Finland
• Intra-regional transportation
network
• Allocation of logistics platforms;
• Housing needs;
• Maintenance of green
infrastructures
• Supporting the achievement of joint
decision-making and collectively
thinking regional challenges.
• Involved nature protection
organisations, business people and
big land owners.
Interest groups involvement
Integration of expert knowledge
• Knowledge and inputs on green
infrastructures, intraregional
transportation issues
• Doing things together by relying on
the spirit of trust among those
involved
Negotiation
Trust

15. Friday, November 10
Discussions on plan implementation through
strategic urban projects
Expert Workshop The Impact of Strategic Spatial Plans on Land Change in
Urban Regions: Debating Plan Making and Plan Implementation
9-10 November 2017
Goal:
Get a better understanding of the pros and cons of
implementing strategic spatial plans through
strategic urban projects in a scenario of limited
resources in the present and in the future.
Projects and the future of planningProjects and urban transformation

16. Expert Workshop The Impact of Strategic Spatial Plans on Land Change in
Urban Regions: Debating Plan Making and Plan Implementation
9-10 November 2017
 What are the reasons for the implementation of strategic
spatial plans through urban-regional development projects?
 Are strategic projects only a fast-track plan-implementation modus
operandi or they entail other power struggles, interests (e.g.
interest groups lobby; economic interests) ?
 What is the role of strategic urban projects in steering
urban transformation?
 Are strategic projects really strategic or more isolated attempts to
make something happen at the ground?
Strategic urban projects and urban transformation

17. Expert Workshop The Impact of Strategic Spatial Plans on Land Change in
Urban Regions: Debating Plan Making and Plan Implementation
9-10 November 2017
 What is the future of spatial planning with the increasingly
interest upon strategic urban projects?
 Are strategic projects cable of truly generating synergies
between social, cultural, economic and spatial dimensions in
urban regions?
 Is plan implementation possible without following a
implementation path through strategic urban projects?
Strategic urban projects and the future of planning