1. CONTRIBUTIONS OF
IBADAN TO THE
DEVELOPMENT OF
PATHOLOGY IN THE
TROPICS
Prof. EEU Akang
FMCPath, FWACP
INAUGURAL
LECTURE
27 July 2007
2. “I returned, and saw under the
sun, that the race is not to the
swift, nor the battle to the
strong, neither yet bread to
the wise, nor yet riches to
men of understanding, nor yet
favour to men of skill; but time
and chance happeneth to
them all.”
Eccl. 9:11, KJV
3. PATHOLOGY?
Pathology is the clinical
diagnostic science that
underpins patient care
(Royal College of
Pathologists, 2006)
6. THE LADY AND THE
LOOKING GLASSBREAST CANCER IN
NIGERIAN WOMEN
Prof. PU Aghadiuno
MD, FRCPath,
FMCPath, FWACP
INAUGURAL LECTURE
7. HEADS OF PATHOLOGY
WD SILVERA
BGT ELMES
GM EDINGTON
AO WILLIAMS
BO OSUNKOYA
AA ABIOYE
TA JUNAID
PU AGHADIUNO
JO THOMAS
JO OGUNBIYI
8. CONTRIBUTIONS OF
IBADAN TO THE
DEVELOPMENT OF
PATHOLOGY IN THE
TROPICS
Prof. EEU Akang
FMCPath, FWACP
INAUGURAL
LECTURE
9. DEFINITIONS
NEOPLASM- new growth
TUMOUR- swelling
An
abnormal
mass
produced
by
autonomous, uncontrolled, purposeless
proliferation of cells derived from a
single cell in which mutations have
occurred.
May be benign (harmless) or
malignant (CANCER)
12. HISTORY OF TERATOMA
Ancient Babylon
(2000 BC)
Records on cuneiform
tablets
Scultetus (1659)
Earliest medical record of
teratoma
Calbet (1893)
Escape of primordial cells
from growth control
Meckel (1880)
Foetus in foetu (theory of
suppressed second twin)
Bosaeus (1926)
Parthenogenesis
14. S IT E A N D S EX D IS T R IB UT IO N O F T ER A T O M A S
A ka ng e t a l, 1994
O the r
6
1
4
0
8
8
0
C he s t
T e s ti s
Ne c k
Sa c r um
4
Ovar y
15
FE MA LE
MA LE
22
342
0
0
50
100
150
200
250
Numbe r of c a s e s
300
350
400
15. A G E A N D S EX D IS T R IB UT IO N O F T ER A T O M A S
A ka ng e t a l, 1994
2
70- 79
0
60- 69
0
50- 59
1
40- 49
8
11
31
3
30- 39
FE MA LE
1
20- 29
5
33
1
0- 9
44
12
0
MA LE
69
3
10- 19
77
20
40
60
Numbe r of c a s e s
80
100
16.
17. CHILDHOOD TERATOMA
IN IBADAN-
Akang EE et al: Hum Pathol 1992
Bimodal peak age incidence
Female: male ratio = 5:1
Sacrococcyx and ovary are 2
most common sites
81% mature; 15% immature;
4% malignant
18. RETINOBLASTOMA IN IBADANAjaiyeoba et al: Afr J Med Med Sci 1993
Malignant embryonal childhood
intraocular neoplasms displaying
retinal differentiation
More common in developing
countries
Worse outcome in younger patients
Dismal outcome in Nigerian children
19.
20.
21. CHILDHOOD MORTALITY IN
IBADANAkang EE et al:
Nig J Paediatr 1992; 19:30-36
Bronchopneumonia, meningitis,
gastroenteritis
Tuberculosis, measles, malaria
Most deaths preventable
High perinatal death toll
(pregnancy and early childhood
problems)
25. NEUROPATHOLOGY
Osuntokun et al 1994- Low incidence
of plaques and tangles in elderly
Africans- Lancet
Park et al 1997- Report of a case of
subacute sclerosing panencephalitisAm J Ophthalmol
Ogunniyi et al 2002- Lewy body
disease case report- Int Psychogeriatr
27. M E D L IN E T OT A L A N D P A T HOL OG Y C IT A T ION S
900000
800000
70 0 0 0 0
600000
50 0 0 0 0
400000
300000
200000
10 0 0 0 0
0
T OT A L
P A T HOL OG Y
29. M ED LIN E T O T A L A N D P A T H O LO G Y C IT A T IO N S
3000
2500
2000
1500
1000
500
0
T OT AL
P A T HO LO G Y
30. George Millar Edington
Co-author of Pathology in the
Tropics
Started professional career in
Ghana (1950-1960)
In Ibadan (1960-1976)
Zaria
Maiduguri (Acting ViceChancellor)
31. Akin Olufemi Williams
One of most prolific African
Pathologists
First Nigerian Head of Pathology
Established Pathology in Calabar
Ambassador to OAU
Laboratory of Molecular Virology
at NIH
32. Babatunde O. Osunkoya
Burkitt’s lymphoma
Ayinla A. Abioye
Amoebiasis
First inaugural lecture
Ed ‘B Attah
Tropical pathology, cardiac pathology
Zaria, Calabar
33. T. Abisogun Junaid
Gynaecological pathology
Patrick U. Aghadiuno
Breast cancer
Second inaugural lecture
Jaiyeola O. Thomas-Ogunniyi
Renal pathology, cytology and lymphoma
J. Olufemi Ogunbiyi
Liver pathology, hypertension and prostate
cancer
37. FINIS
“Therefore let us also, seeing we
are surrounded by so great a
cloud of witnesses, lay aside
every weight and the sin which so
easily entangles us, and let us
run with patience the race that is
set before us”
Hebrews 12:1, KJV