- Points, LInes and Planes, - Segment and Angle Addition - Segment and Angle Bisectors - Distance and Midpoint Formuals - Special Angle Relationshsips - Area

2. Points, Lines and Planes
 Point (A): Any location in space
 Line ( AB, l ): No width, series of points extending in
either direction without end
 Ray ( AB ): All points starting with initial point (A) and
continuing without end in towards (B)
 Segment ( AB ): All points between and including
endpoints A and B.
 Plane (ABC, M): All points extending in two
directions.

3. Segments
 Segment addition: A B C
AB + BC = AC
 Length (distance) A(Xa, Ya) to B (Xb, Yb)
d = AB = √ (Xb - Xa)2 + (Yb - Ya)2
 Midpoint A(Xa, Ya) to B (Xb, Yb)
(XM, YM) = (Xa + Xb) , (Ya + Yb)
2 2

4. Reverse Midpoint
 Steps
 Stack the known Endpoint over the Midpoint
 Find the change in X and Y to get from the Endpoint to
the midpoint.
 Repeat that change to the midpoint to get the other
endpoint
A ( 2, 4 )
M ( 1, 10) {Pattern: change X by -1, change Y by +6}
B (1 + (-1), 10 + 6 ) = (0, 16)

5. Angles
 Angle Addition Postulate
A
B m<1 + m<2 = m<AVC
1
2
V C

6. Bisectors
 VB bisects <AVC
A
B m<1 = m<2
1
2
V C
M is the midpoint of AB
A M C AM = MC

7. Special Angle Relationships

8. Area and Perimeter
Figure Area Perimeter
Square bh = s2 4s
Rectangle lw 2(l+w)
Parallelogram bh add the 4 sides
Trapezoid ½ (b1 + b2) h add the 4 sides
Triangle ½bh add the 3 sides
Circle π r2 2πr= πd
May need the Pythagorean Theorem: a2 + b2 = c2
c
a
b