focused on hearing impairment in children

2. Hearing loss
It indicate disability of hearing that may range in
severity from mild to profound.
In 2012 ,WHO estimated that
 there are 360 million people in the world with
disabling hearing loss (5.3% of world population)
 32 (9%)million of these are children

5. Types :
3 basic types
 Conductive hearing loss= sound is not conducted through outer ear
canal to the ear drum and ossicles of middle ear. Causes include
-Middle ear infection and exudation
-Impacted earwax
-Infection in the ear canal
-Presence of foreign body
 Sensorineural hearing loss = damage to inner ear or to the nerve
pathway from inner ear to the brain. Permanent loss . it not only
involves reduction in sound level , ability to hear faint sound but also
affect speech understanding . cause by disease ,birth injury , genetic
syndrome.
 Mixed hearing loss=sometime hearing loss occurs with combination of
both above hearing loss.

6. Sign and symptoms:
The child may experience
 frequent ear infections.
 delayed in their language development.
 difficult to identify or locate certain sounds.
 watch TV at a really high volume.
 behavioral issues, displaying inattentiveness and
disruptive behavior.
 sound different or not speak clearly.
 vocabulary may consist many words that are often
missing endings.

9. Management:
 Hearing aid may be option for children with unilateral hearing
loss(UHL)
 Conventional hearing loss=recommended if there is usable
hearing in the impaired ear . allow child to have perception of
more balanced hearing . most young children are fit with
Behind-The-Ear (BTE)type of hearing aid when child ear canal
grows slows at approx 12yrs he/she is candidate for In The Ear
(ITE) .
 Osseointegrated hearing device=placed surgically in the bone
behind the ear . it is approved for children over 5yrs of age
 Contralateral routing of signal CROS aid=severe or profound
UHL .it pick sound on the impaired side & delivers into good ear
. useful in quiet listening situation.
 Cochlear implant=placed surgically in inner ear , only for
children with severe or profound hearing loss in both ears

11. References:
 Child health nursing tumla shrestha
 kidshealth.org/en/parents/hear.html
 www.webmd.com/parenting/help-for-parents-hearing-
impaired-children