Bluetooth Mesh Basics and BlueNRG-Mesh SDK Solution

BlueNRG-MESH
José Ricardo de Freitas
Eng. De Aplicações Conectividade e Sensores.

Agenda
#2 Bluetooth® Mesh Basics
#3 BlueNRG-Mesh SDK Solution
#4 Getting started with BlueNRG-Mesh
2
#1 Bluetooth Low Energy Portfolio

BlueNRG chipset evolution
4
Bluetooth LE product roadmap
2015 2016 2017 2018
NEW Package
QFN48
Data Length Extension
(3x times faster OTA update)
BT5.0 certified
BlueNRG-248
BlueNRG-234BlueNRG-2
BT5.0 (*)BT4.1 BT4.2 BT5.0 (*)
BlueNRG-1BlueNRG-MS
BT5.0
2020
BlueNRG «next gen»
In development
BlueNRG-132 (QFN32)
BlueNRG-134 (WLCSP34)
BlueNRG-MSQTR (QFN32)
BlueNRG-MSCSP (WLCSP34)
BlueNRG-232 (QFN32) BlueNRG-248 (QFN48)
NEW BLE 5.0 radio (2Mbps/LR/AE)
Link budget (dBm): 104dBm
Embedded RF BALUN
DESIGN ongoingBluetooth 4.2
+8 dBm output power
< 1uA in sleep mode
Fast wake-up optimization
Up to 8x connection
(*) Certified for BLE 5.0. It does not support other optional BLE 5.0 features like 2 Mbit/s, Long Range and Advertising Extensions.
BT5.0
BlueNRG-232N
BlueNRG-234N
BlueNRG-232 (QFN32)
New BLE 5.0 Certified
Network Coprocessor
QFN32/WLCSP34

BlueNRG modules
5
2016 2017 2019
SPBTLE-1S
BT4.2BT4.1
SPBTLE-RF0TR
SPBTLE-RFTR
Based on
BlueNRG-1
5dBm PoutBased on
BlueNRG-MS
4dBm Pout
13.5 x 11.5 x 2 mm
13.5 x 11.5 x 2 mm
13.5 x 11.5 x 2 mm
BT5.0
2018
SoC PROCESSOR
NETWORK PROCESSOR
BLUENRG-M0A
BLUENRG-M0L
13.5 x 11.5 x 2 mm
Based on
BlueNRG-MS
6dBm Pout
BLUENRG-M2SP
sampling Q2 ’19
in production Q4 ‘19
BLUENRG-M2SA
sampling Q2 ’19
in production Q4 ‘19
Based on
BlueNRG-2
6/7dBm Pout
13.5 x 11.5 x 2 mm 13.5 x 11.5 x 2 mm
PCB antennaChip antenna
Bluetooth LE product roadmap
Legacy Modules NRND New Module Offering
LEGACY MODULES NRND

2.4GHz Wireless markets
6
Wearable, healthcare,
smart appliances
Toys, gaming, remote
controllers
Sensor networks,
home appliances,
industrial
• Security
• Interoperability
• BT SIG Standard
• Open radio
• Low latency
• High throughput
• Mesh topology
• Large scale
• BT SIG Standard
2.4 GHz proprietary Bluetooth Mesh
Sensor networks,
home appliances,
industrial
• Mesh topology
• Large scale
• Open Standard
Sensor networks,
industrial, home
automation
• Mesh topology
• Large scale
• Zigbee Compliant

• A standard network protocol to extend the communication range with a mesh
network topology between several nodes over multiple hops when there is not
direct reachability between two nodes.
What is the Bluetooth® mesh?
8
TX
RX
• The Bluetooth® Mesh is standardized
by the Bluetooth Core also known as
Special Interest Group (SIG).
July 18, 2017 - Bluetooth SIG Announces Mesh Networking Capability
Brings proven, global interoperability and the mature, trusted ecosystem of Bluetooth technology to
industrial-grade device networks

BLE MESH: backed up by industry leaders
9

Bluetooth Low Energy networking
PAIRING
one-to-one
BROADCASTING
one-to-many
MESH
Many-to-many
MASTER SLAVE
1 MASTER with
Up to 8 SLAVEs
MASTER & SLAVE
SLAVE MASTER
DATA TRANSFER
• Sports & fitness devices
• Health and wellness devices
• Peripherals and accessories
LOCALIZED INFORMATION
• Point of interest beacons
• Item finding beacons
• Way finding beacons
LARGE DEVICE NETWORKS
• Building automation
• Wireless sensor networks
• Asset tracking
10Signal range depends on RF output power
Coverage extended by relaying
messages over multiple hops

Bluetooth® Mesh Applications
11
• Lighting
• Interface to major light IOs (ST supports DALI, PWM, etc.)
• Smart Home and Building automation
• Heater/Fan control
• Temperature / Shutter control
• PIR Sensors
• Smart Industry
• M2M control
• Wireless sensor networks
The Bluetooth SIG MESH extends the capabilities of Bluetooth Smart chips to answer more and more
complex applications. The protocol has been developed with the Smart Lighting industry in mind.
Source : Bluetooth® SIG
Smart Home/Building Smart IndustrySmart Things

Bluetooth MESH vs BLE stack
12
BLE MESH
MESH Model
BLE Stack
2.4GHz Radio
BlueNRG MESH Concept
Application
• Bluetooth Mesh runs on
top of the BLE Stack
• It is not linked to BLE 5.0
• It is backward compatible
with BLE 4.x

Bluetooth® Mesh Topology
Managed Flooding
13
The Bluetooth Mesh network mechanism is based on a managed flooding protocol
• Message relay extends the communication range (Multi-hop data transmission)
• No single point of failure
• does not require any centralized operation nor coordination
• dynamic self healing
• Direct communication between contiguous nodes
• Rules to restrict devices from re-relaying messages:
• Messages contain a Sequence Number to optimize the
network usage and protect against replay attacks
• Reject messages already received
• TTL (Time To Live) method:
• Limit the number of times a message is relayed
BLE
connection
NODE

Security, Attacks and Protection
• The Mesh security uses a privacy mechanism
called obfuscation through AES to encrypt the
header information.
• Messages are encrypted twice. Once with an
Application or device key and the second time with
a Network key.
• Mesh security protects the network against third-
party interference and monitoring: Replay/Eaves
Dropping/Man-in-The-Middle attacks.
• Nodes can be removed from the network securely,
preventing trash-can attacks, by erasing the
security keys stored in the flash memory.
14

• Device Key: Never transmitted over air
• Unique key for each single device, only known by the Provisioner (i.e. Smartphone) and the
device, used for provisioning, configuration and key management.
• Network Key: Provided by Provisioner
• Shared across all Nodes in the network, allows a node to decrypt message’s header and to relay
messages throughout a network
• Application Key: Provided by Provisioner
• Different applications have a different “Application key” used to encrypt/decrypt messages
payload (application data).
Security in the Bluetooth mesh: keys
15

• Elements:
• define the functionalities of a single node, i.e. a light fixture may have two lamps, each of them is
a separate element independently controlled. Each element can support one or more models
• Models:
• represent specific Services and define a set of States and Messages supported by the element;
(i.e. a lamp supports the Lighting model for On/Off Control or Dimming
Mesh Node
Element #1 Element #2 Element #3
Model #1 Model #1 Model #1
ID: 0x0001
states[]
subscriptions[]
applications[]
ID: 0x0001
states[]
subscriptions[]
applications[]
ID: 0x0001
states[]
subscriptions[]
applications[]
Model #2 Model #2
ID: 0x0002
states[]
subscriptions[]
applications[]
ID: 0x8002
states[]
subscriptions[]
applications[]
Bluetooth® mesh for smarter devices how node features
are exposed – two entities: elements and models
16
Using Elements and Models helps exchange messages between a BLE device and a Smart
Application (Controller) for simple control and monitoring applications
ControllerMultiple Roles
Android, iOS
(or embedded)

BlueNRG-MESH for Smarter devices
Addresses
17
Kitchen
• Unicast:
• it represents a single element of a node (i.e. a lamp)
• Group:
• multicast address representing multiple elements in one or more nodes,
i.e. a lighting fixture with multiple light bulbs associated to light switches,
where several light bulbs can be associated and controlled by a one or
more the one light switch
• Virtual:
• multicast address representing multiple elements on one or more nodes
• A 128-bit Label UUID, which can have semantic meaning to users (e.g.
the name of a room i.e. kitchen)
Three types of addresses

Generic OnOff
Client
Generic OnOff
Server
The mesh messaging model
Publish and Subscribe paradigm
18
• Publish: send a message to unicast /virtual /group address
• A Client device (e.g. a switch) can publish messages (e.g. ON/OFF control) and a
Server device (e.g. a light bulb) can subscribe and be notified of new command arrival.
• Also, one Node can publish messages to a multicast address, and several nodes can
subscribe to such specific address.
Client
Server
GardenBedroomHallwayDining RoomKitchen
Publish
Subscribe

BlueNRG-MESH for Smarter devices
Messages
19
• Acknowledged/Reliable messages:
• require a response that serves two purposes: confirmation and returns
data to the message sender.
• typically the response is a “status” message defined by the model
• no response implies the retransmission of the original message
• Message timeout should be set to a minimum of 30 seconds
• Not recommended to send an acknowledged message to the all-nodes
address
• Unacknowledged/Unreliable messages:
• do not require response, typically used to convey a “status”
• Status message is sent to the publish address of a model associated with
the changed state
The communication in the mesh is “message-oriented”
Turn On
ACK: ON
one-sided
message
Client Server
Client Server

Bluetooth® mesh network topology
nodes types
20
PROXY
NODE
RELAY
NODE
FRIEND
NODE
RELAY
NODE
NODE
NODE
NODE
FRIEND
NODE
LOW
POWER
NODE
LOW
POWER
NODE
To stay efficient, the BLE Mesh takes advantage of a managed flooding network mechanism.
Compared to routed protocols, it is much more simpler to deploy.
• Expose the interface for Smartphone/
Tablet to interact with a mesh network
• Simple leaf node whom you don’t want
to relay messages (Weak nodes or
Resource constrained nodes)
• Able to retransmit received messages
• Enable multiple “hops” in the network
• Battery operated devices
• Primarily send but Rarely receive
messages
• No need 100% duty cycle: mostly sleep
• Stores messages addressed to LPNs
and delivers them whenever the LPN
polls for “waiting messages”
RELAY
NODE
PROXY
NODE
FRIEND
NODE
LOW
POWER
NODE
NODE
Provisioner
RELAY
NODE

• SDK
• Firmware, Android and iOS app sources
• www.st.com/blemesh
• ST BLE Mesh app on Store
• BlueNRG-mesh community forum
• http://community.st.com/blemesh
STSW-BNRG-MESH
22

BlueNRG-mesh latest news
23
STSW-BNRG-Mesh
v1.09.000
FP-SNS-BLEMESH1
v1.2.0 (*)
X-CUBE-BLEMESH1
v1.4.0 (*)
Chip:
BlueNRG-1
BlueNRG-2
Modules:
BlueNRG-M2SA
BlueNRG-M2SP
Chip:
BlueNRG-2N
BlueNRG-MS
Modules:
BlueNRG-M0A
BlueNRG-M0L
 Multiple Network Keys
 Embedded Provisioner
 Concurrent Beaconing
(Alpha)
 AT-layer (Alpha)
 Support BlueNRG Soc
as Network Processor
 Support SensorTile.box
DEVICES EVALUATION KITS DEVELOPMENT KITS HIGHLIGHTS
STEVAL-IDB007V2
STEVAL-IDB008V2
STEVAL-IDB009V1
STEVAL-BCN002V1B
STEVAL-IDB007V1M
STEVAL-IDB008V1M
STEVAL-BLUEPLUG1
STEVAL-BLUEPLUG2
X-NUCLEO-IDB05A1
X-NUCLEO-IDB05A2
X-NUCLEO-BNRG2A1 (*)
STEVAL-MKSBOX1V1 (*)
Core Lib
v1.12.000
Android Lib
v1.11.000
iOS Lib
v1.06.002
New Products (e/o Q1 2020)
Legacy Devices
(*) Coming soon
BLESoCEcosystemSPItoBLEEcosystem

STSW-BNRG-Mesh v1.09.000
X-CUBE-BLEMESH1 v2.0.0
FP-SNS-BLEMESH1 v1.2.0
January 2020
• Multiple Network Keys
• Embedded Provisioner
• BT Mesh v1.0 Server Models
Certification ready
BlueNRG-Mesh software roadmap
(*) Coming soon
(**) Library package available upon request
April 2020
• Concurrent Beaconing
• BT Mesh v1.0 Server Model
Certification
• BT Mesh v1.0.1 Profile
Certification Update
August 2020
• SIG Mesh Profile 1.1
Certification ready
• Direct Forwarding
• Remote Provisioning
• DFU-Mesh (a.k.a. FW Update
over BLE Mesh)
December 2020
• SIG Mesh Profile 1.1
Certification
Available Platforms
• STEVAL-IDB009V1 (BlueNRG-248)
• STEVAL-IDB007V1M (SPBTLE-1S) (**)
• STEVAL-IDB008V1M (BlueNRG-M2SA) (*)
• STEVAL-BLUEMIC1 (SPBTLE-1S) (**)
• STM32 Open Development Environment (X-NUCLEO-IDB05A1 / 2, X-NUCLEO-BNRG2A1)
• On NUCLEO-L152RE, NUCLEO-L476RG, NUCLEO-F303RE, NUCLEO-F401RE
• BlueNRG-Plug (SPBTLE-1S / BlueNRG-M2SA)
• BlueNRG-Tile (BlueNRG-232)
• SensorTile.box (SPBTLE-1S / BlueNRG-M2SA)
24

BlueNRG-Mesh
brings smart-home to your fingertip
Available across full BlueNRG portfolio – iOS and Android SDK
Easily connecting appliances to iOS/Android, out-of-the-box
• Bluetooth Mesh 1.0.1 certified Profile Library, Server Model, and
Bluetooth LE stack
• Two-layer security (128-bit AES-CCM and 256-bit ECDH protocol)
• Low-power and Friendship supported
• Provisioned node database transfer among smartphones via Email
and Cloud application
• Embedded and Mobile SDK to build both your Android and iOS Apps
• Reduces development costs and accelerates time-to-market
25

2.4GHz wireless portfolio
3
DS
BLE CONNECTIVITY
FEATURES
BlueNRG-MS
BLE4.1 Network processor
QFN32, WLCSP34
ST: the most complete Bluetooth® Low Energy portfolio in the market!
Single-Core
Dual-Core
ULTRA-LOW POWER
BlueNRG-2N
BLE5 Network processor
QFN32, WLCSP34
BlueNRG-2
BLE5.0 Application processor
Cortex-M0 32MHz, 256KB
QFN32, QFN48, WLCSP34
BlueNRG-LP
Cortex-M0+ 64MHz,
Flash: 256KB Flash
RAM: up to 64KB
up to 32 GPIOs
QFN, WLCSP49
BlueNRG-1
Cortex-M0 32MHz, 160KB
QFN32, WLCSP34
STM32WBxx
802.15.4, Zigbee, Thred, 2.4GHz prop.
Dual core Cortex-M4, 64MHz / M0+, 32MHz
Flash: 256K up to 1MB
RAM: 48K up to 256K
UQFN48, VQFN68, WLCSP47, WLCSP100, BGA129
(SAMPLING, MP e/o Q2’20)
ADVANCED CONNECTIVTY - MULTI-PROTOCOL
STM32WB
BlueNRG

ST BLE mesh: provisioning of the nodes
27
Provisioning Address Configuration List of provisioned Nodes
The Node can be
added to a specific
group of elements
Before the provisioning
the ones listed are
called “devices”
AppKey Select
Select the default
Application Key or
Add a New one

ST BLE mesh: nodes list tab features
28
Element inside
the node
Models Supported: Generic,
Lighting, Sensor, Vendor
Models
View
Groups
View
Network
ViewProvisioning
View
Proxy Node
indicated with
the name in bold
Proxy, Relay and Friend
roles are supported

STSW-BNRG-MESH software suite documentation
(*) Differences due to available control and libraries to design the App
Unified User Interface available since v1.05.000
How to enable low power operations, according to Bluetooth Mesh Profile v1.0 and Friendship concept
UM2290 - BlueNRG Mesh Android API guide for Mesh over Bluetooth Low Energy
UM2417 - BlueNRG Mesh iOS API guide for Mesh over Bluetooth Low Energy
Start developing Bluetooth Low Energy Mesh applications on Android devices
• Network creation
• List un-provisioned nodes
• Provision a new node
• Send unicast/broadcast commands
• Save/Restore network configuration
• Register/Un-register callbacks
UM2180 - Getting started with the ST BlueNRG-Mesh Android application (*)
UM2361 - Getting started with the ST BlueNRG-Mesh iOS application (*)
Provision, un-provision, and control nodes in Bluetooth Low Energy Mesh network
UM2295 - Getting started with the ST BlueNRG-Mesh embedded firmware
Start developing Bluetooth Low Energy Mesh applications on available platforms
• Core functionality for secure provisioning and communication
• Smart Light sample application
AN5285 - STSW-BNRG-Mesh Friend and Low Power features
29

BlueNRG-Mesh SDKs – videos
30
Getting started with BlueNRG-Mesh
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=MV5M5AHMuU0
Introduction to BlueNRG-MESH
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=NMeHUAlaPxI
BlueNRG-MESH: Provisioning & Transfer
www.youtube.com/watch?v=8ocXQmQa-dA

• Bluetooth SIG website: Bluetooth Mesh deep dive from the official
• Bluetooth Mesh specification
• Bluetooth Mesh overview
• Bluetooth Mesh FAQ
• BlueNRG-Mesh SDK available (firmware, mobile app for Android, iOS):
• www.st.com/blemesh
• BlueNRG-mesh community forum
• http://community.st.com/blemesh
• ST BLE Mesh Android application available on Google Play Store:
• https://play.google.com/store/apps/details?id=com.st.bluenrgmesh&hl=en
• ST BLE Mesh iOS application available on the Apple iTunes App Store:
• https://itunes.apple.com/us/app/bluenrg-mesh/id1348645067?mt=8
BlueNRG-mesh additional resources
31

• A SIG certified BLE Mesh library running on ST’s BlueNRG SoC series
• Multiple evaluation platforms: BlueNRG evalkit, Nucleo kit and BlueTile
• Easy-to-use SDK, providing Firmware, Android and iOS app source code
• Customers already shipping ST BlueNRG-2 with BlueNRG-Mesh in high volume!
Takeaways
32

© STMicroelectronics - All rights reserved.
The STMicroelectronics corporate logo is a registered trademark of the STMicroelectronics
group of companies. All other names are the property of their respective owners.
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Bluetooth Mesh Basics and BlueNRG-Mesh SDK Solution

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