1.
THE SHARING ECONOMY
---
EMBRACING CHANGE WITH CAUTION

2.
• Launched June 2010
300 cities in 58 countries
• Limited physical assets
• USD 41 bln valuation
• Expected USD 50 bln valuation
Uber
Global platform for local community

3.
Examples and well-known actors
in the Sharing Economy

4.
Peer-to-peer exchange of tangible and intangible
slack (or potentially slack) resources, including
information, in both global and local contexts.
The Sharing Economy
Harvard Business Review, 2014

5.
Drivers of the Sharing Economy
 Technology
− Increasing penetration of Internet and smart phones
− Technological advancements in areas such IT
platforms and big data analytics
− Falling entry barriers due to digitalization
− Increased ease of financial transactions
− Increased transparency
 Declining consumption patterns
 Financial crisis

6.
Increasing access to capital
through all forms of crowdfunding

7.
Four forms of crowdfunding
Form Benefits for funders
Donation-based Donation Intangible benefits.
Reward-based
Donation or pre-
purchase
Rewards in addition to intangible
benefits.
Equity-based Investment
Return on investment if company
does well. Rewards sometimes also
offered and intangible benefits may
motivate too.
Debt-based Loan
Repayment of loan with interest.
Alternatively intangible benefits if loan
given interest-free.
Ingram & Teigland 2013

8.
From the north of Sweden

9.
Hoffice –
Home + Office

10.
Hoffice – a Swedish concept gone global

11.
Why is Sweden a leader?
Average per capita monthly mobile data use 2008-2013

12.
Mixed economic implications
 New pricing mechanisms push inflation down
 Lower demand for capital in “Zero Marginal
Cost Society”?
 Perfect competition on monopolistic
platforms?
 Labor productivity – net effect?

13.
New pricing mechanisms push inflation down
Income in Swedish music industry by format

14.
Influence on labor productivity?

15.
-Arun Sundarajan
Professor, Stern School of Business
The Sharing Economy will expand the
job market faster than the job loss
due to robotization - in the near term.

16.
Thomas Jefferson (1816)
“Laws and institutions must go hand in hand
with the progress of the human mind.”
The problem is that the human mind itself
can’t keep pace with the advances that
computers are enabling.
http://wadhwa.com/2014/04/15/mit-technology-review-laws-and-ethics-cant-keep-pace-with-technology/

17.
Regulatory considerations
 Employment
 Production and commerce
− Taxation
− Safety
− IoT and privacy
− Intellectual property and ownership
− Risk

18.
Exercise
For Uber Against Uber
1. Uber CEO 1. Taxi Stockholm CEO
2. Uber Taxi driver 2. Taxi Stockholm driver
3. Uber passenger 3. Average taxi passenger
4. Automobile Dealer
Association Chairman
4. Taxi Industry Association
Chairman
5. Politician 5. Politician
Develop an argument for your position:

19.
Scenarios for 2020

20.
Four scenarios for 2020
High Tech
Adoption
Global
Recession
Global
Growth
Business as Usual
•Limited SE platforms
•Neo-sharers
•Steady growth in freelancing
•Crowdfunding
Low Tech
Adoption

21.
Four scenarios for 2020
High Tech
Adoption
Global
Recession
Global
Growth
Shadow Economy
•TaskRunner society
•Vast urbanization
•Monopoly SE platforms
•Barter economy
Low Tech
Adoption

22.
“Sharing” is big business…
http://www.web-strategist.com/blog/2015/06/04/the-collaborative-sharing-economy-has-created-17-billion-dollar-companies-and-
10-unicorns/

23.
Local initiatives

24.
http://www.inc.com/adam-vaccaro/uber-isnt-a-car-service.html

25.
Four scenarios for 2020
High Tech
Adoption
Global
Recession
Global
Growth
Freelance Economy
• Differentiated SE platforms
• High tech skills “exported”
• Expansive crowdfunding
• Neo-sharing
• “De-urbanization”
Low Tech
Adoption

26.
Four scenarios for 2020
High Tech
Adoption
Global
Recession
Global
Growth
Internet of Space
• Differentiated SE platforms
•Attraction of talent
•Test market
•Focus on privacy and integrity
•Transitioning industries
Low Tech
Adoption

27.
http://app.cotunity.com/space

28.
La’Zooz – Real-time transportsharing

29.
Four scenarios for 2020
High Tech
Adoption
Global
Recession
Global
Growth
Internet of Space
• Differentiated SE platforms
•Attraction of talent
•Test market
•Focus on privacy and integrity
•Transitioning industries
Freelance Economy
• Differentiated SE platforms
• High tech skills “exported”
• Expansive crowdfunding
• Neo-sharing
• “De-urbanization”
Business as Usual
•Limited SE platforms
•Neo-sharers
•Steady growth in freelancing
•Crowdfunding
Shadow Economy
•TaskRunner society
•Vast urbanization
•Monopoly SE platforms
•Barter economy
Low Tech
Adoption

30.
Policy Implications
 Flexible regulation using “trial and error”
 Facilitation of entrepreneurship
 Government’s involvement in Sharing
Economy
 Challenges for general statistics
 Dynamic clusters
 Internet for all

31.
Local Stockholm success story:
Flippin’ Burgers
Money raised:
SEK 36,502 /
€4,000
Number of
investors: 186
Date funded:
September 2011
Sector: Food

32.
Jobs that did not exist 10 years ago
 iOS/Android developer
 Social media manager
 UI/UX designer
 Big data architect
 Cloud services specialist
 Digital marketing specialist
 Sustainability expert
 Zumba instructor
 Beach body coach
http://talent.linkedin.com/blog/index.php/2014/01/top-10-job-titles-that-didnt-exist-5-years-ago-infographic

33.
Discussion