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The Online Stoning of MD & GT:
 Manifestations of Patriarchal
  Microaggressions on Twitter
         in Indonesia
         A Thesis by Fariez Setiawan
Outline
  •   Background
  •   Methodology
  •   Results
  •   Discussions
  •   Conclusion
Background
Malinda Dee
           (MD)
Age          : 48
Occupation : Former Senior Relationship
Manager at Citibank
Indictment   : Embezzlement
Gayus Tambunan
      (GT)
Age          : 33
Occupation : Former Civil Servant at
Indonesian Directorate of Taxation
Indictment   : Corruption
Online Grapevine




                   Online Prosecution
Research Questions
These tweet differences raised some questions:
•   What social processes were involved and
    differed in the online prosecution of MD and
    GT?
•   To what extent do the use of Twitter
    characterized the ways in which Indonesian
    online society addressed their social concerns
    regarding corruption and embezzlement?
•   What were the implications of this
    phenomenon, particularly to Indonesian
    society?
Methodology
Sentiment &
     Google
                   Content        Results
K    Search
                   Analyses
e
y
                                  Thematic
w
    Gathered        Tweet      Tendencies +
o
     Tweets      Translation    Frequency
r                                Counting
d
s
    Systematic
     Random      Raw Data       Values
     Sampling
Results
Negative Tonality for MD: 39.81% v Positive Tonality for GT: 38.69%
Sam e si ze: 216
   pl              Sam e si ze: 199
                      pl
Condescension




                Toleration
Discussion
folk devil
a visible reminder of what we should not be
- Cohen, 2002/2011 -
moral panics
a condition, episode, person or group
of persons emerges to become
defined as a threat to societal values
and interests; its nature is presented in
a stylized and stereotypical fashion by
the mass media; the moral barricades
are manned by
editors, bishops, politicians and other
right-thinking people; socially
accredited experts pronounce their
diagnoses and solutions; ways of
coping are evolved or (more often)
resorted to; the condition then
disappears, submerges or deteriorates
and becomes more visible
- Cohen, 2002/2011 -
envy
n. a feeling of
discontented or resentful
longing aroused by
someone else’s
possessions, qualities, or
luck
- New Oxford American Dictionary,
2009 -
schadenfreude
 n. pleasure derived by someone
 from another person’s
 misfortune.
 Origin: German, from Schaden
 ‘harm’ + Freude ‘joy’
 - New Oxford American Dictionary, 2009 -
Anonimity, Disinhi
                       bition, Anarchy




                                            Patriarchal
Retributive Justice
                                            Perspective



Microaggressions                           Schadenfreude

                      Social Cognitive
                        Dissonance
Microaggressions
the brief and commonplace
daily verbal, behavioral, and
environmental
indignities, whether intentional or         Gender Inequality
unintentional, that communicate
                                           unequal treatment or
hostile, derogatory, or negative                                                Privileges
                                           perceptions of individuals
racial, gender, sexual-                                               special
                                           based on their gender
orientation, and religious slights         - Wikipedia, 2012 -        rights, advantages, immunities
and insults to the target person                                      granted or available only to a
or group                                                              particular person or group of
- Sue, Capodilupo, et al. in Sue, 2010 -                              people
                                                                     - New Oxford American Dictionary, 2009 -
INDONESIAN
PATRIARCHY




 INTERNET
 ANARCHY
Conclusions
Research Questions
These tweet differences raised some questions:
•   What social processes were involved and
    differed in the online prosecution of MD and
    GT?
•   To what extent do the use of Twitter
    characterized the ways in which Indonesian
    online society addressed their social concerns
    regarding corruption and embezzlement?
•   What were the implications of this
    phenomenon, particularly to Indonesian
    society?
Conclusions




   •   The social processes that differ between MD and GT: MD
       evoked social cognitive dissonance and moral panics
       among twitterers, who then attempted to dissociate
       themselves with MD through schadenfreude-laden
       microaggressions. On the contrary, GT create consonance
       to the commonality of corruption among civil servants, while
       his misconduct was still resonate well with Indonesian
       patriarchal culture, where men could err and regain their
       dignities.
Conclusions




   •   Indonesian twitterers used Twitter to address their
       social concerns regarding corruption and
       embezzlement only in superficial and material
       perspectives – the superficial appearance of MD
       and the material wealth of GT.
Conclusions




•   Twitterers justified their self-righteous behaviors as an act of
    punishing an extraordinary embezzler but not a common
    corruptor, not knowing they perpetrated gender-based
    microaggressions in the process. This social phenomenon was
    propagated through Twitter, which then could become a
    social conditioning on microaggressions and patriarchal
    permissiveness toward corruption for younger generations.
Recommendations



•   This research can hopefully raise public awareness of the possible
    impact of the phenomenon to the society, most importantly regarding
    aggressive and derogative online behaviors.
•   The outcome of this research showed that the subject of this research
    still requires further and broader investigation, particularly on the
    sociological and psychological implications of internet use in relation to
    the cultural disposition of Indonesians.
Thank you

            fariez.setiawan@gmail.com

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The Online Stoning of MD & GT: Manifestations of Patriarchal Microaggressions on Twitter in Indonesia

  • 1. The Online Stoning of MD & GT: Manifestations of Patriarchal Microaggressions on Twitter in Indonesia A Thesis by Fariez Setiawan
  • 2. Outline • Background • Methodology • Results • Discussions • Conclusion
  • 4. Malinda Dee (MD) Age : 48 Occupation : Former Senior Relationship Manager at Citibank Indictment : Embezzlement
  • 5. Gayus Tambunan (GT) Age : 33 Occupation : Former Civil Servant at Indonesian Directorate of Taxation Indictment : Corruption
  • 6. Online Grapevine Online Prosecution
  • 7. Research Questions These tweet differences raised some questions: • What social processes were involved and differed in the online prosecution of MD and GT? • To what extent do the use of Twitter characterized the ways in which Indonesian online society addressed their social concerns regarding corruption and embezzlement? • What were the implications of this phenomenon, particularly to Indonesian society?
  • 9. Sentiment & Google Content Results K Search Analyses e y Thematic w Gathered Tweet Tendencies + o Tweets Translation Frequency r Counting d s Systematic Random Raw Data Values Sampling
  • 11. Negative Tonality for MD: 39.81% v Positive Tonality for GT: 38.69%
  • 12. Sam e si ze: 216 pl Sam e si ze: 199 pl
  • 13. Condescension Toleration
  • 15. folk devil a visible reminder of what we should not be - Cohen, 2002/2011 -
  • 16. moral panics a condition, episode, person or group of persons emerges to become defined as a threat to societal values and interests; its nature is presented in a stylized and stereotypical fashion by the mass media; the moral barricades are manned by editors, bishops, politicians and other right-thinking people; socially accredited experts pronounce their diagnoses and solutions; ways of coping are evolved or (more often) resorted to; the condition then disappears, submerges or deteriorates and becomes more visible - Cohen, 2002/2011 -
  • 17. envy n. a feeling of discontented or resentful longing aroused by someone else’s possessions, qualities, or luck - New Oxford American Dictionary, 2009 -
  • 18. schadenfreude n. pleasure derived by someone from another person’s misfortune. Origin: German, from Schaden ‘harm’ + Freude ‘joy’ - New Oxford American Dictionary, 2009 -
  • 19. Anonimity, Disinhi bition, Anarchy Patriarchal Retributive Justice Perspective Microaggressions Schadenfreude Social Cognitive Dissonance
  • 20. Microaggressions the brief and commonplace daily verbal, behavioral, and environmental indignities, whether intentional or Gender Inequality unintentional, that communicate unequal treatment or hostile, derogatory, or negative Privileges perceptions of individuals racial, gender, sexual- special based on their gender orientation, and religious slights - Wikipedia, 2012 - rights, advantages, immunities and insults to the target person granted or available only to a or group particular person or group of - Sue, Capodilupo, et al. in Sue, 2010 - people - New Oxford American Dictionary, 2009 -
  • 21.
  • 24. Research Questions These tweet differences raised some questions: • What social processes were involved and differed in the online prosecution of MD and GT? • To what extent do the use of Twitter characterized the ways in which Indonesian online society addressed their social concerns regarding corruption and embezzlement? • What were the implications of this phenomenon, particularly to Indonesian society?
  • 25. Conclusions • The social processes that differ between MD and GT: MD evoked social cognitive dissonance and moral panics among twitterers, who then attempted to dissociate themselves with MD through schadenfreude-laden microaggressions. On the contrary, GT create consonance to the commonality of corruption among civil servants, while his misconduct was still resonate well with Indonesian patriarchal culture, where men could err and regain their dignities.
  • 26. Conclusions • Indonesian twitterers used Twitter to address their social concerns regarding corruption and embezzlement only in superficial and material perspectives – the superficial appearance of MD and the material wealth of GT.
  • 27. Conclusions • Twitterers justified their self-righteous behaviors as an act of punishing an extraordinary embezzler but not a common corruptor, not knowing they perpetrated gender-based microaggressions in the process. This social phenomenon was propagated through Twitter, which then could become a social conditioning on microaggressions and patriarchal permissiveness toward corruption for younger generations.
  • 28. Recommendations • This research can hopefully raise public awareness of the possible impact of the phenomenon to the society, most importantly regarding aggressive and derogative online behaviors. • The outcome of this research showed that the subject of this research still requires further and broader investigation, particularly on the sociological and psychological implications of internet use in relation to the cultural disposition of Indonesians.
  • 29. Thank you fariez.setiawan@gmail.com