Stormwater Maintenance Awareness Training 1

A Fairfax County, VA, publication
Department of Public Works and Environmental Services
Working for You!
Stormwater Maintenance Awareness Training
For privately maintained stormwater management facilities
Maintenance and Stormwater Management Division (MSMD)
Winter 2018

MSMD/DPWES
Course Objectives
• History of Stormwater Management (SWM) and regulations
• Basic County inspection protocols for SWM facilities and Best
Management Practices (BMPs)
– Includes review of the inspection report, information provided to a
private facility owner, and how to close an inspection
• Common SWM/BMP facility types and their purpose/function
• Typical SWM/BMP facility maintenance items (deficiencies)
– Items which prevent a facility from functioning as designed
• Most common remedies for SWM/BMP facility deficiencies
• Additional resources and references
2

MSMD/DPWES
Course Schedule
AM session (includes two short breaks)
– History of SWM and regulations
– County inspection basics
– The inspection report and Maintenance Activity Report (MAR)
– Common SWM/BMP facility types
• Common maintenance items-General
– Common SWM/BMP facility types, deficiencies and remedies
• Above Ground Facilities
12:00-1:00 PM Lunch
PM session (includes two short breaks)
– Common SWM/BMP facility types, deficiencies and remedies
• Below Ground Facilities
• Vegetative Practices
– Closing remarks/questions
3
NOTE: All pictures, unless noted, are the property of Fairfax County

MSMD/DPWES
Participant Introductions
• Name
• Employer
• Current position
• Experience with SWM/BMP facilities
• Course expectations
*Important Reminders:
• Please be sure to sign-in, as Certificates of Attendance and the
Contractor Listing will be generated from that sheet.
• Common abbreviations and acronyms are noted at the end of the
Introduction section, for your reference.
4

MSMD/DPWES
History of Stormwater Management
WHY DO THIS TRAINING?
• Fairfax County conducts inspections on all privately owned
SWM/BMPs at least once every 5 years (800+/year).
• Approximately 68% (4,430 of the 6,500) of SWM/BMP County
facilities are privately owned.
– Approximately 45% (397 of the total 884 inspected in FY17) of privately
owned facilities required maintenance (noted deficiencies) in the last
inspection cycle.
– Some owners lack a full understanding
of the maintenance requirements for
their SWM/BMPs.
– Understanding the basic requirements &
importance of timely maintenance/repairs
serves everyone’s interest, supports public
safety, & helps facilities function as designed.
5

MSMD/DPWES
WHAT’S NEXT?
Fairfax County will compile a list of all attendees, and this list will be:
– Posted on the County’s stormwater website as a public resource
– Provided as an attachment with the final inspection report sent to each
private owner
– Used to notify attendees of any future County training opportunities
So, let’s get started!
Please note the following disclaimer will be on the County Contractor Listing:
The companies and/or individuals listed below hold a Certificate of Attendance from the Fairfax County Maintenance and
Stormwater Management Division’s Stormwater Maintenance Contractor Training Program. This training program is provided
solely as a means for companies and/or individuals to be included on a contractor list and is not a requirement to perform
maintenance on stormwater management facilities within Fairfax County.
Fairfax County does not endorse or recommend any contractor or vendor and makes no representation or warranties
regarding the qualifications or suitability of any particular contractor or vendor, nor does a contractor’s or vendor’s inclusion
or non-inclusion on this list constitute any such representation or warranty. This list is provided solely as a service to our
citizens and is not a representation that Fairfax County is in any way certifying the contractor’s or vendor’s qualifications and
ability to perform specified stormwater maintenance improvements.
6

MSMD/DPWES
Fairfax County Overview
7
• Washington, DC metropolitan
area
• 400 square miles
• 30 Watersheds
– Chesapeake Bay Watershed
• 1.1 Million residents
• Phase 1 MS4 Permittee

MSMD/DPWES
A watershed is an area of land which drains into a specific water
body (e.g., river, stream, or lake) due to the topography of an area
(i.e., the lay of the land).
8

MSMD/DPWES
• The County Storm Drainage System is a network of public and
private structures, channels, and underground pipes that
carries stormwater runoff directly to local receiving waters.
– SWM/BMPs are a vital tool in managing this runoff.
• Urbanization increases:
– Non-point source pollution in stormwater run-off (a water quality issue)
– Downstream flooding (a water quantity issue)
9

MSMD/DPWES
When SWM/BMP facilities function as designed they help to
manage:
• Water quality
• Water quantity
– Timing
– Distribution
10
Collection
Conveyance
Management
…interconnected…

MSMD/DPWES
• Stormwater Management (SWM, BMP, or both):
– SWM facilities provide water quantity management through:
• Reduction of downstream flooding via temporary storage
• Quantity control of runoff from impervious areas (e.g., pavement,
sidewalks, etc.)
• Aiding control of larger flood events (i.e., 2- and 10-year events)
– BMPs provide water quality management by temporary storage and via:
• Settling
• Infiltration (slow movement into ground)
• Filtration (biological or mechanical separation)
• Biological nutrient uptake
11

MSMD/DPWES
Stormwater Regulations
FAIRFAX COUNTY REGULATIONS OF
INTEREST:
• Fairfax County Codified Ordinances
– Chapter 124: Stormwater Ordinance
– Chapter 118: Chesapeake Bay
Preservation Ordinance
Code amendments are listed in detail at
https://www.fairfaxcounty.gov/landdevelo
pment/public-facilities-manual-and-code-
amendments
12
OF SPECIAL NOTE:
• §124-2-10.3: All facilities should have
access for maintenance and
inspections.
• §118-3-3: Notes the restrictions for
pruning and removing trees, “noxious
weeds and dead, diseased, or dying
trees or shrubbery", as well as noting
specific vegetation replacement
requirements
• §118-2-1e.7: Routine maintenance is
allowed in Resource Protection and
Chesapeake Bay Preservation Areas to
ensure continued function per design.
• §124-8-3: Civil penalties may be
imposed for improperly installed or
maintained stormwater BMPs or
erosion and sediment controls

MSMD/DPWES
INTEREST(Continued):
– Chapter 112: Zoning Ordinance
amendments
13
OF SPECIAL NOTE:
• §112-13-300: Transitional Screening &
Barriers
• §112-17-106: Required Information
on Site Plans:
– 26. All proffered conditions….
– 30. Provisions for the adequate
disposition of natural and stormwater
in accordance with Chapter 124.

MSMD/DPWES
– Chapter 104: Erosion and Sediment
(E&S) Control
amendments
14
OF SPECIAL NOTE:
• §104-1-8: Notes conservation
standards and specifications for E&S
controls for any land disturbing
activities
• §104-1-2, 3, & 4: Approved
Conservation/E&S plan required for
regulated land disturbance activities
of greater than 5,000 ft2

MSMD/DPWES
• Fairfax County Public Facilities Manual
(PFM)¹
– Chapter 12: Tree Conservation
– Chapter 6: Storm Drainage
15
OF SPECIAL NOTE:
• §6-1306: Requirements for
maintenance access, grading, etc.
– §6-1310 to 6-1321: Design and
access requirements, by
SWM/BMP type
• §6-1606.2G (impoundment areas and
“likely sediment accumulation areas”)
– Requires maintenance access and
20’ cleared access easement
"from entrance along downstream
side of embankment toe to the
outlet channel"
Public Facilities Manual, Fairfax County Department of
Public Works and Environmental Services, 2011.
¹

MSMD/DPWES
Fairfax County PFM
• §6-1606-2A; §6-1318.3D; §6-1319.3D;
& §6-1320.3D [sediment forebays for
SWM permanent pools, constructed
wetland (WL), wet pond (WP) and dry pond
(DP), respectively]
– Recommends “an onsite area
designated for sediment
dewatering and disposal”
16
• VMRC, VDEQ, & the County may
require permits for any land
disturbance, dredging, and/or on-site
disposal of dredge spoils.
– Permits are often project specific
VMRC-Virginia Marine Resources Commission
VDEQ-Virginia Department of Environmental Quality
FAIRFAX COUNTY REGULATIONS/OF SPECIAL NOTE (Continued):

MSMD/DPWES
• Useful contact references:
– DPWES-MSMD-703.877.2800
– Permits, Clearing and Grading-
703.222.0801
– Permits, Special Exceptions-
703.324.1290
– Permit Applications Center-
703.222.0801
– VMRC Habitat permit-757.247.2252
– VDEQ-804.698.4000
DPWES-Department of Public Works and Environmental Services
MSMD-Maintenance and Stormwater Management
17
• Contractors do not need a special
business disposal permit to haul
dredge to a landfill.
– Prior coordination is recommended
during the bid process to confirm
acceptance and existence of any
special requirements (e.g., hazardous
material testing, etc.).
– County’s I-95 Landfill in Lorton may
have areas for dewatering and
potential reuse. (703.690.1703)
FAIRFAX COUNTY REGULATIONS/OF SPECIAL NOTE (Continued):

MSMD/DPWES
STATE REGULATIONS OF INTEREST:
• Virginia Pollutant Discharge
Elimination System Permit Program
(VPDES)-VDEQ
• Virginia Stormwater Management
Program (VSMP) (§9VAC25-870)
• Virginia Chesapeake Bay Preservation
Act (§9VAC25-830)
• VMRC Habitat Management Division
regulations for subaqueous or
bottomlands & tidal wetlands (§4 VAC
20-395-10 et seq., 4 VAC 20-400-10 et
seq. and Subaqueous Guidelines)
• Virginia Department of Transportation:
– (VDOT) Right-of-Way (ROW) Manual
– Virginia Work Area Protection Manual
– Procedural Memorandum
(Supplemental ROW Dedication)
18
OF SPECIAL NOTE:
• Per County PFM §1-0602: Unless a
more stringent County standard exists,
use VDOT standards.
• VDOT permits may be required for
temporary traffic control and includes
post-construction utility work/
maintenance.
• As of 3/1/14, per VDOT website (N. VA
Fairfax and Arlington Counties
Permits), VDOT permits for minor sites
with no impact to VDOT ROW or high
traffic volumes may be waived, but you
should still submit for permit review.

MSMD/DPWES
FEDERAL REGULATIONS OF INTEREST:
• The Clean Water Act-primary law for
protecting the Nation’s water quality
and integrity
• National Pollutant Discharge
Elimination System (NPDES) (§402)
• OSHA Confined Space Regulation (29
CFR 1910.146)
• US Army Corps of Engineers (USACE)
Nationwide Permit (NWP) #43-
Stormwater Management Facilities (77
FR 10184)
19
Of Special Note:
• Confined Space Certification and entry
permits are REQUIRED to enter any
applicable space.
• USACE permits are required for work in
areas designated as wetlands .
– Permits allow for proper maintenance
of authorized structures or fills.
– Permits include proper discharges of
dredged or fill material into non-tidal
waters of the United States.
– “Critical resource waters” may have
additional special requirements.

MSMD/DPWES
Fairfax County Inspections-Basic Overview
20

MSMD/DPWES
Fairfax County Inspections- Basic Overview
Private Inspection Program’s 4 basic steps:
• Step 1
– The County notifies the owner in advance of an inspection.
– Inspectors prepare appropriate maps/documents (e.g., appropriate
County Inspection form for the SWM/BMP type, easement information,
etc.).
• Step 2
– Visual condition assessments (inspections) are conducted & facility
components documented by photograph.
– Common maintenance items are recorded by relative severity on a field
inspection form and any unusual items are noted.
21
Step 1
Pre-Assessment
Research
Step 2
Visual Condition
Assessment
Step 3
Reporting & Tracking
Step 4
Enforcement

MSMD/DPWES
• Step 3
– Inspection results are then verified,
reviewed, and formatted in the office
into a formal report provided to the owner.
– Owner responses are tracked in a County
database, with checkpoints at specific
dates from when the owner received the
inspection report and follow-up correspondence.
• 45-days (deadline for required maintenance completion/written response)
• 90- & 135-days (responses are delinquent)
• A completed/signed Maintenance Activity Report (MAR) and photos
(preferably date stamped) MUST be received to close the inspection file!
NOTE: Inspections are only a “point in time” observation of the condition at a
SWM/BMP facility.
22

MSMD/DPWES
• Within approximately thirty (30) days of a completed
inspection, the County provides a Notice of Inspection (NOI)
to the facility owner, which currently includes all available
documents as follows:
– Cover letter
– Condition Assessment Report (CAR)
– Photos with captions and an o
orientation sketch
– Maintenance Activity Report (MAR)
– Private Maintenance Agreement
(PMA), if applicable
– Site Plans
– Tax and GIS Maps
– Maintenance Guidelines and “Owner’s Guide” Brochure
23

MSMD/DPWES
Examples of a CAR
24
No deficiencies
Maintenance recommended
Maintenance required

MSMD/DPWES
Examples of a CAR: Required Maintenance
25
14
16
XXXXXXXXX
XXXXXXXXX

MSMD/DPWES
• To ensure an adequate response, a fully completed MAR should
note the following:
– Site ID and Facility ID, as noted on
the NOI and all inspection forms
• Please make sure this is also noted
in any verbal/written correspondence.
– Must address each maintenance
issue described in the CAR
• Attach copies of photos, invoices,
contracts, proposals, and/or
work plans to MAR.
– MAR form completed and signed
– A completed/signed MAR must
be received to close the inspection file!
26

MSMD/DPWES
Please note:
• Documenting the work requested and completed is very
important!
• Regular updates on complex repairs/situations will not
stop letters or enforcement actions, but they will be
noted and taken into consideration.
• Relaying the above information via telephone does not
substitute for completion and return of the MAR form.
• No extensions will be granted.
• All work must be completed in order to have the facility
file closed.
• E-mail address: dpwes-msmd-inspections@fairfaxcounty.gov
27

MSMD/DPWES
• Step 4
– If facility deficiencies note REQUIRED maintenance, the owners are
requested to return a fully completed MAR, upon maintenance
completion and within 45 days.
• If no response is submitted, owners receive 45- and 90-day follow-
up letters, as required.
• After 135 days and no MAR received by DPWES, the file is then
forwarded for enforcement review and follow-up.
• Non-compliance can face injunctions as well as civil/criminal
penalties, dependent upon the circumstances and severity of the
violation.
– Public health, safety, and welfare are priority concerns.
– If a fully completed MAR is received within the allowable timeframe,
the file is closed until the next scheduled inspection.
28

MSMD/DPWES
Common SWM/BMP Facility Types
• Above-Ground Facilities
– Wet and Dry Ponds (WP, DP)
– Wetlands (WL)
– Infiltration Trenches (TR)
– Permeable Pavement (PP)
– Rooftop Detention (RT)
– Parking Lot Detention (PL)
• Below Ground Facilities
– Underground Detention (UG)
– Sand Filters (SF)
– Manufactured BMPs (MB)
• Proprietary
• Non-proprietary
29
• Vegetative Practices
– Bioretention (BR)
– Tree Filters (TF)
– Green Roof (GR)
– Vegetated Swales (VS)
BR
DP
GR
MBPLPP
RT
SF
TF
TR
UG
VS WL
WP
BR
DP
GR
MB
PL
PP
RT
SF
TF
TR
UG
VS
WL
WP

MSMD/DPWES
Common Maintenance Items-General
• Blockages
– Restriction/obstruction of water flow
• Spalling/Cracks
– Material (e.g., concrete, metal, etc.)
eroding, deteriorating, or becoming
brittle
30

MSMD/DPWES
• RCP Joint Issues
• Overgrown Vegetation
– Overgrowth can compromise a facility’s
accessibility, function, and design (e.g.,
obstruct or alter water flow during
storm events).
31
LEFT: Significant
pipe separation and
misalignment
BOTTOM:
Overgrown inletGood
Misalignment
Separation

MSMD/DPWES
• Encroachments
– Objects which are not part of the original design, create potential
obstruction, and alter facility function are considered encroachments.
– Evidence of human habitation in the
impoundment area or within the riser is
also a safety issue.
• Graffiti
– If graffiti is visible to the public, it
can be a potential
security issue, as
well as an eyesore.
32

MSMD/DPWES
Common Acronyms & Abbreviations
• GENERAL
– BMP – Best Management Practice (stormwater quality treatment)
– CAR – Condition Assessment Report
– DPWES – Department of Public Works and Environmental Services
– GIS – Geographic Information System (a mapping software)
– LID – Low Impact Development
– MAR – Maintenance Activity Report
– MSMD – Maintenance and Stormwater Management Division
– NOI – Notice of Inspection
– NOV – Notice of Violation
– PFM – Public Facilities Manual
– PMA – Private Maintenance Agreement
– SWM – Stormwater Management (stormwater quantity treatment)
33

MSMD/DPWES
Facility Types and Components
• AS – Amended Soils
• BR – Bioretention
• CI – Curb Inlet
• CMP – Corrugated Metal Pipe
• CS -- Cistern
• DI – Drop Inlet
• DP – Dry Pond
• D/S - Downstream
• ES – Emergency Spillway
• EW – End Wall
34
(Note: If used in an NOI, they will be
defined in report.)
• FB – Forebay
• FTW – Floating Treatment Wetland
• GR – Green Roof
• MB – Manufactured BMP
• MH – Manhole
• OS – Open Space
• PL – Parking Lot Detention
• PP – Porous Pavement
• PSP – Principal Spillway Pipe

MSMD/DPWES
Facility Types and Components
(continued)
• RCP – Reinforced Concrete Pipe
• RD – Rooftop Disconnection
• RF – Reforestation
• RT – Rooftop Detention
• SF – Sand Filter
• TF – Tree Box Filter / Filterra
• TR – Infiltration Trench
35
(Note: If used in an NOI, they will be
defined in report.)
• UG – Underground Detention
• U/S - Upstream
• VF – Vegetated Filter
• VS – Vegetated Swale
• WL – Wetland
• WP – Wet Pond
• YI – Yard Inlet

Additional Information
For additional information, please contact
36

Stormwater Maintenance Awareness Training 1

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