1. SEKOLAH SULTAN ALAM SHAH,
PARCEL G, PERSINT 1, 62520
WILAYAH PERSEKUTUAN PUTRAJAYA
Chapter 1
INTRODUCING TO SCIENCE
START

2. Introducing Science
What is Science?
Science Laboratory
Steps in Scientific Investigation
Physical Quantities and Their Units
The Use of Measuring Tools
Weight and Mass

3. OUT
What is Science?
Science is the systematic study of nature and how it effects us and our
environment.
Important is science.
• Understand ourselves. Knowing how our body work.
• Understand our environment. This helps us to improve the
quality of our environment and conserve it for our future
generation.
• Makes our life more comfortable.
NEXT

4. OUT
Careers in science.
Vetenarinarian
Computer programmer
Doctor
Careers in
science
Pharmacist
Chemist
Engineer
Architect
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NEXT

5. OUT
Areas of study.
Biology
Biochemistry
Physics
Areas of
study
Meteorology
Chemistry
Geology
BACK
Astronomy

6. Science Laboratory
1. Laboratory is the place where a scientist works.
2. Carrying out experiments is interesting and exciting. However, some
chemicals used may be dangerous and poisonous.
3. To prevent injury to oneself and others, one needs to know the
general rules and safety precautions in a laboratory.
Click here to see the rules and safety precautions in the laboratory.
Click here to see the general laboratory apparatus and their uses.
Click here to see the hazard warning symbol
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7. Rules and safety precautions in the laboratory.
- Never enter the laboratory unless a teacher is present.
- Do not eat, drink or taste any chemicals.
- Always follow the teacher’s instruction.
- Never touch chemicals with your bare hands. Use a spatula.
- Read the label on a reagent bottle before using its content.
- Turn of the bunsen Burner after use.
- Do not pure back any unused chemical into its bottle.
- Do not throw solid wastes into the sinks.
- Wash and keep all apparatus after use.
- Do not run or play in the laboratory.
- Do not taste anything without the teacher’s permission.
- Report any breakages to the teacher.
- Keep the bench clean and tidy.
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8. General laboratory apparatus and their uses.
BACK

9. BACK
Hazard warning symbols
SYMBOL
Explosive
EXAMPLES
PROPER HANDLING METHOD
Explodes easily when mixed with other substances
Follow instructions given
when handling the
substance.
Potassium, sodium, concentrated acids and alkalis,
mixture of hydrogen and air.
Flammable
Catches fire and burns easily
Petrol, ethanol, kerosene, methylated spirit, white
phosphorus, yellow phosphorus.
Toxic or
poisonous
Corrosive
Irritant or
harmful
Radioactive
Causes death or harm to the body
Mercury, sodium cyanide, hydrogen sulphide, lead,
benzene, chlorofrom, bromine
Keep away from fire and
heat sources
Do not taste these
substance
Keep under lock and key
Causes damage to the skin or eyes upon contract
Concentrated acids and alkalis, bromine, hydrogen
peroxide.
Irritates (cause itchiness and rashes) eyes, skin and
respiratory system.
Ammonia, alcohol, bromine vapour, chlorine,
chloroform
Emits radiation that can destroy body cells/tissues
Uranium, plutonium, radium, thorium
Avoid direct contract with
the skin or eyes
Avoid inhalation
Use in a fume chamber
according to the
instruction given.
Keep in lead containers

10. OUT
Steps in Science Investigation
Identify the problem
Forming the hypothesis
Carrying out the experiment
Planning an experiment
Analysing and interpreting data
Making a conclusion
Writing a report on the experiment

11. Physical Quantities and Their Units
Physical quantity
SI unit
Symbol
Length
metre
m
Mass
kilogram
kg
Time
second
s
Temperature
kelvin
K
ampere
A
A physical quantity is a
quantity that can be measured
Numerical value
giga
G
1 000 000 000
mega
M
1 000 000
kilo
k
1 000
da
10
deci
d
0.1
centi
Prefixes are useful in expressing physical quantities
that are either very big or very small.
Symbol
deca
Electric current
Prefix
c
0.01
mili
m
0.001
micro
µ
0.000 001
nano
n
0.000 000 001
pico
p
0.000 000 000 001

12. Weight and Mass