1. 中国地区 GDP 核算
China’s Regional GDP Account
赵同录
国家统计局国民经济核算司
2010 年 3 月
Zhao Tonglu
Department of National Account, NBS
March 2010
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2. 中国地区 GDP 核算
China’s Regional GDP Account
一、中国地区 GDP 核算 现状
The Status Quo of China’s Regional GDP Account
二、中国地区 GDP 核算方法
The Methods of China’s Regional GDP Account
三、中国地区 GDP 数据 审 核
The Review of China’s Regional GDP Data
四、中国地区 GDP 核算存在的问题
The Problems of China’s Regional GDP Account
五、改 审 和完善中国地区 GDP 核算
Improvement and Optimization of China’s Regional
GDP Account
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3. 一、中国地区 GDP 核算 现 状
The Status Quo of China’s Regional GDP
Account
（一）核算制度 Account System
地区与国家同 审 建立核算制度
Account system is simultaneously established in the region and the country
1985 年建立 GDP 年度核算制度（生 产 核算和支出核算）
The annual GDP account system was established in 1985 (production account
and expenditure account)
1992 年建立季度核算制度（生 产 核算；累 计 核算）
The quarterly account system was established in 1992
（二）核算方法 Account Method
地区 GDP 核算方法包括 ：季度 GDP 和年度 GDP 核算方法
Regional GDP account method includes: quarterly GDP and annual GDP
account method
地区 GDP 核算方法由国家 统计 局 统一制定
The regional GDP account method is established by National Bureau of
Statistics
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4. 一、中国地区 GDP 核算现状
The Status Quo of China’s Regional GDP
Account
（三）核算模式 Account Mode
分级核算：国家、省分别核算本级 GDP
Level-by-level account: the country and province conduct GDP
account separately
（四）数据 审 核 Data Review
1 、逐 级审 核，即国家 统计 局 审 核省 级 GDP, 省 级统计 局 审 核市 县
GDP
Level-by-level review, i.e. NBS reviews the provincial GDP, and
provincial bureaus review the GDP of municipality and county.
2 、市县 GDP 统一核算
Unified GDP Account by Municipality and County
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5. 一、中国地区 GDP 核算 现 状
The Status Quo of China’s Regional GDP
Account
（五）核算程序和数据公布
Account procedure and data
publication
地区 GDP 核算分 为 初 步 核算和最 终 核 实
； 审 史数据 审 整
各地区自行公布，即省审 GDP 经国家统
计局审核认定后，各省统计局自行 对 外 公布
The regional GDP account is divided into initial
account and final review; the adjustment to historical
data is announced by the regions, i.e. upon reviewing the
provincial GDP by NBS, the provincial statistics bureaus
make announcement by themselves.
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6. 二、中国地区 GDP 核算方法
The Methods of China’s Regional GDP
Account
（一）地区季度 GDP 核算方法
The methods of quarterly GDP account of the
region
1 、行业分类 sector classification
2 、基本核算方法 basic account methods
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7. 二、中国地区 GDP 核算方法
The Methods of China’s Regional GDP
Account
1 、行 业 分 类 Sector classification
① 农林牧渔业 agriculture, forestry,
animal husbandry, and fishery
② 工业 industry
③ 建筑业 architecture
④ 交通运输、仓储和邮政业 transportation,
storage and post service
⑤ 批发和零售业 wholesale and retail
⑥ 住宿和餐饮业 accommodation and catering
⑦ 金融业 finance
⑧ 房地产业 real estate
⑨ 营利性服务业 profit service
⑩ 非营利性服务业 non-profit service
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8. 二、中国地区 GDP 核算方法
The Methods of China’s Regional GDP
Account
2 、基本核算方法 Basic account methods
① 增加 审 率法 the method of value-added
rate
主要是农林牧渔业和建筑业。 Mainly refers
to agriculture, forestry, animal
husbandry, fishery and architecture.
基本方法：先核算增加 值总 量，再核算不 变 价增
长速度。 Basic method: first calculate the
gross value-added, and then get the
growth speed of constant price.
增加值 = 总产出 × 上年年度增加值率
value-added=total output ×value-added
rate of last year
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9. 二、中国地区 GDP 核算方法
The Methods of China’s Regional GDP
Account
2 、基本核算方法 Basic account methods
② 相 审 指 审 增 审 速度推算法
Estimation of the growth speed of relevant
indicator
主要是除农林牧渔业和建筑业以外的其他行业。
Mainly refers to the sectors apart from agriculture,
forestry, animal husbandry, fishery and architecture.
基本方法：先核算增 长 速度，利用同期基数核算当期增加 值总 量。
Basic methods: first calculate the growth speed, and
then use the base of same period of last year to get
the gross value-added of the present.
- 先核算现价增长速度：价值量指标外推 First calculate
the growth speed of current price: extrapolate the
value-added indicator
- 先核算不变价增长速度：物量指标外推 First calculate
the growth speed of constant price: extrapolate the
physical indicator
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10. 二、中国地区 GDP 核算方法
The Methods of China’s Regional GDP
Account
（二）地区年度 GDP 核算方法
The methods of annual GDP account of the region
1 、生 审 核算和支出核算
Production account and expenditure account
生产核算：生产法和收入法；年度核算和季度核算
Production account: production approach and income
approach; annual account and quarterly account
支出核算：支出法；年度核算
Expenditure account: expenditure approach; annual
account
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11. 二、中国地区 GDP 核算方法
The Methods of China’s Regional GDP
Account
2 、核算方法 Account method
（ 1 ） 审 价增加 审 核算方法
The method of value-added account of current price
① 生 审 法。如 审 林牧 审审 Production approach, e.g.
agriculture, forestry, animal husbandry and fishery
② 增加值率推算法。如工业增加值采用总产出和成本费用结构调
审 增加 审 率推算；建筑 审 增加 审 采用 审 审 审 和增加 审 率推算。
The method of value-added rate estimation, e.g. the
industrial value-added applies gross output and cost
structure to survey the value-added to estimate; the
architecture applies gross output and value-added
rate to estimate.
③ 收入法。如其他服 审 行 审 。 Income approach, e.g.
other service sectors.
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12. 二、中国地区 GDP 核算方法
The Methods of China’s Regional GDP
Account
（ 2 ）现价增加值核算资料 The material on value-added account of
current price
① 统计部门分地区调查资料。包括全面调查资料、抽样调查资料和重点调查
资料。 The regional survey material of statistics department,
including comprehensive survey material, sample survey
material and key survey material.
② 管理部门分地区统计资料 The regional statistics material of
management department.
③ 部门行政记录分地区资料 The regional material of
administrative records of the departments.
④ 地区服务业统计调查资料 The statistics survey material of
regional service sector.
⑥ 分地区经济普查资料 The regional economic census material
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13. 二、中国地区 GDP 核算方法
The Methods of China’s Regional GDP
Account
（ 3 ）不变价增加值核算方法 The methods to account value-
added of constant price
除个 审 行 审 不 审 价增加 审 采用物量指数外推外， 审 大部分行 审
不 变 价增加 值 采用价格指数 缩 减法核算。 Apart from several sectors
apply the physical index to extrapolate value-added of constant price,
most of the sectors apply the method of price index deflation to get the
value-added of constant price.
① 铁路运输、道路运输、水上运输、航空运输、管道运输和邮
政 审 ：不 审 价增加 审 采用物量指数外推，即：
不 变 价增加 值 = 上年不 变 价增加 值 × （ 1+ 物量指数）
Railway transportation, road transportation, water transportation,
airline transportation, pipe transportation and post service: the value-
added of constant price is extrapolated by physical index, i.e.
The value-added of constant price – value-added of constant price in last
year × （ 1+physical index ）
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14. 二、中国地区 GDP 核算方法
The Methods of China’s Regional GDP
Account
（ 3 ）不变价增加值核算方法 The methods to account value-
added of constant price
② 其他行业：不变价增加值采用价格指数缩减法核算，
即：
不变价增加值 = 现价增加值 ÷ 缩减指数
其中：缩减指数为以基期年为 100 的定基价格指数。
Other sectors: The value-added of constant price is calculated by
price index deflation, i.e.
The value-added of constant price – value-added of current
price ÷deflator
Of which, deflator is the fixed base index taking 100 as base year.
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15. 三、中国地区 GDP 数据 审 核
The Review of China’s Regional GDP Data
（一）建立地区 GDP 数据审核制度
Establishing regional GDP data review system
1 、 1998 年，国家 审审 局建立了地区 GDP 及主要专业统计指标数据质量评
估制度
NBS established the data quality evaluation system to regional GDP and main
professional statistics index in 1998.
2 、 2004 年，建立地区 GDP 数据联审制度；与 GDP 相关的地区专业统计指
标，实行国家统计局联审
The joint review system of regional GDP data was established in 2004; the
professional statistics indicators of the region related with GDP are jointly
reviewed by NBS.
3 、从 2005 年开始，地区建筑业增加值由国家统计局统一核算
From 2005, NBS conducts unified account to the regional value-added of
architecture.
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16. 三、中国地区 GDP 数据审核
The Review of China’s Regional GDP Data
（二）地区 GDP 数据的审核内容
The review contents of regional GDP data
目前，地区 GDP 数据审核主要侧重于季度 GDP 。审核内
容包括： At present, the regional GDP data review
is mainly focused on quarterly GDP. The review
contents include:
1 、核算方法审核 Account method review
2 、与基础指标趋势性审核 review the trend
with basic indicators
3 、与主要统计数据关系审核 review the
relationship with main statistics data
4 、与部门行政记录指标匹配性审核 review the
matching with administrative record indicators
of the department
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17. 三、中国地区 GDP 数据审核
The Review of China’s Regional GDP Data
（三）地区 GDP 数据的调整与公布 The adjustment and
publication of regional GDP data
1 、地区 GDP 数据的调整 The adjustment of regional GDP
data
审 个季度后，国家 审 审 局都要 审 各地区 GDP 数据进行审核。在审核
审 程中，如果 审 审 地区 GDP 核算存在以下问题，国家统计局将进行重新
核算，并对地区 GDP 核算结果进行调整。 Upon the end of each
quarter, NBS reviews the GDP data of the regions. In the
revision process, if there are following problems in
regional GDP account, NBS would review the data again
and make adjustment to the result of regional GDP
account.
（ 1 ）不 严 格 执 行 规 定的核算方法 The account method un-
strictly abided by regulations
（ 2 ）与基 础 指 标发 展 趋势 不一致 inconsistent with the
trend of basic indicator development
（ 3 ）与相 关专业统计 数据的 关 系不 协调 being discordant
with professional statistics data
（ 4 ）与部 门 行政 记录 指 标 不匹配等 问题 not matching the 17
administrative record indicator of the department

18. 三、中国地区 GDP 数据审核
The Review of China’s Regional GDP Data
2 、地区 GDP 数据的公布 Publication of regional GDP
data
国家 审审 局 审 各地区 GDP 数据 结 果 审 核 认 定，由各地区 统计 局 对
外公布，国家 审审 局不 审 一公布各地区 GDP 数据。
NBS reviews the GDP data of the regions, and the
regional bureaus publish the result, with NBS not
publishing GDP data of the regions in a unified
manner.
各地区统计局对外公布的本地区 GDP 数据，必 须 以国家 统计 局 审
核认定的数据为准。
The regional GDP published by the regional bureaus
must be the one reviewed by NBS.
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19. 四、中国地区 GDP 核算存在的问题
The Problems of China’s Regional GDP
Account
（一）基 础资 料不 统 一
inconsistence with the basic material
（二）核算方法不一致
inconsistence with the account method
（三）地区与国家 GDP 数据存在差距
gap between the regional and national GDP
data
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20. 四、中国地区 GDP 核算存在的问题
The Problems of China’s Regional GDP
Account
（一）基础资料不统一。 主要集中在服务行业。 inconsistence
with the basic material . Mainly focused on service sector.
1 、年度核算 annual account
（ 1 ）地区与国家不统一 inconsistence between the region and
the nation
国家核算：大量使用管理部门统计资料和相关行政记录资料；
national account: use many statistics material and the
administrative record of management department;
地区核算：还使用本地区服务业统计调查资料。
regional account: use the statistics survey material of
the service sector in the region.
（ 2 ）地区之间不统一 inconsistence among the regions
各地区服务业统计调查制度差异引起基础资料不统一。 The
difference in the statistics survey system of service sector
in the regions leads to the inconsistence of basic material.
2 、季度核算 Quarterly account
主要是地区与国家不统一。 Mainly the inconsistence between
the region and the nation.
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21. 四、中国地区 GDP 核算存在的问题
The Problems of China’s Regional GDP
Account
（二）核算方法不一致 inconsistence in account method
由于基 审审 料不 审 一，地区 GDP 与国家 GDP 之 审 、地区 GDP
与地区 GDP 之间核算方法也不完全一致。
Due to the inconsistence in basic material,
there is also not absolute consistence in the GDP
account between regions and the nation and among
regions.
核算方法差异也主要集中在部分服务行业。 The
difference in account method is mainly focused on
part of service sector.
年度核算方法差异体现在地区与国家、地区与地区之间。
The difference in annual account method is
mainly between regions and the nation and among
regions.
季度核算方法差异主要体现在地区与国家之间。
The difference in quarterly account method is
mainly between regions and the nation.
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22. 四、中国地区 GDP 核算存在的问题
The Problems of China’s Regional GDP
Account
（三）地区与国家 GDP 数据存在差距
gap between the regional and national GDP data
1 、 GDP 审 量存在差距 Gap in gross GDP
2009 年，地区汇总 GDP 为 362233 审 元，国家 GDP 为 335353 亿
元，地区数比国家数多 26880 亿元，总量差率为 8% 。
In 2009, the GDP by regions is 36223.3 billion RMB,
and that of the nation is 33535.3 billion RMB, with
the region 2688billion more than that of the nation
and 8% gap in gross.
2 、 GDP 增 审 速度存在差距 Gap in GDP growth rate.
在一般年份，地区汇总 GDP 增长速度比国家 GDP 增长速度要高 2
个百分点以上。 2009 年为 2.8 个百分点。
In ordinary years, the GDP growth rate summarized by
the region is more than 2 percentage point higher than
that of the nation. In 2009, the percentage was 2.8.
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23. 五、改进和完善中国地区 GDP 核算
Improvement and Optimization of China’s
Regional GDP Account
（一）建立和完善服务业统计制度 Establishing and
optimizing the statistics system of the service
sector
（二）建立主要统计数据质量评估体系 Establishing the
quality evaluation system to the main statistics
data
（三）统一和规范地区与国家 GDP 核算方法 Unifying and
standardizing the GDP account method between the
region and the nation
（四）改进和完善地区 GDP 数据 审 核方法 Improving and
optimizing the review method of GDP data
（五）研究建立地区 GDP 统一核算制度 Researching to
establish unified account system of regional GDP
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24. 谢 谢！
Thank you all!
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