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中国的互联网具有独一无二的特性,造成使用谷歌分析
(Google Analytics,以下简称GA)面临多重挑战:
•	 连接速度较慢,网络延时较高
•	 谷歌数据中心位于中国大陆境外
•	 GA报告的界面在中国大陆的访问速度较慢(或无法访问)
•	 与其它工具经常存在数据差异
但是,由于其强大的功能,GA依然是国内众多顶级电子商务网站首选的网站分析工具之一。
在中国,要收集到完整的数据是一项挑战,但这完全是可以实现的。
本文将提供一些要点和建议,使您即使在防火墙内依然能够进行完美的数据监测和分析。
网站分析在中国
在防火墙内也能进行完美的数据分析
•	 数据准确性
•	 登录GA报告界面
•	 各种数据的计算方法差异
•	 我们的建议
概要
本文将提及以下英语缩写
BT: Baidu Tongji GA: Google Analytics UA: Universal Analytics
数据准确性
虽然防火墙不会阻隔对GA服务器的呼叫,但是,它会造成数据收集受到一定程度的延迟。这反过来
会影响数据的准确性,因为访客可能在GA数据发出之前就更换到新的页面。不过,这个潜在的数据
收集延时不会影响网站的性能。
常规防火墙的影响:连接延迟问题
GA的数据不完全可靠 将GA升级到UA(UA的跟踪代码库比GA轻
量化50%以上)
将谷歌标签管理器(Google Tag
Manager)进行本地部署,以实现零延迟
(需要高级设置)
影响 解决方案
我们的测试显示,UA和百度统计里的页面浏览
量(PageView,以下简称PV)达到98-99%的一
致性。
在监测代码被触发、监测数据被发送到谷歌服务器之
前,访客可能已经离开原来的页面。
“特殊事件”影响
在此图表中,我们可以看到某时段网站流量明
显下跌。然而,这并非实际访问流量减少的结
果,而是由于审查制度政策的加强,影响了谷
歌在中国的网站服务。
根据我们的观察,这种情况的确存在,但极少
发生,在过去4年里只出现了3次,期间流量
干扰持续时间不超过3天。
同时使用GA和百度统计对您的网站进行双
重监测。如果您从GA观察到访问流量显著
下跌,可以使用百度统计验证这类异常情
况是否由防火墙引起。
影响 解决方案
3
FIREWALL
GOOGLE’S SERVER
China
CN WEBSITE
结果
根据我们的观察,中国互联网环境受到防火墙持续和稳定的影响,在某些政治活动或特殊事件期间,其影响较为
显著且不可预测。
4
登录GA报告界面
GA界面(www.google.com/analytics)和谷歌搜索引擎共享同一个域名。因此,GA会受到防火墙的严
格控制,并且访问速度可能会很慢,甚至根本无法访问。
各种数据的计算方法差异
这并不代表您的数据采集存在问题(如果采取
上文所建议的解决方案来处理防火墙的常规影
响)。GA报告界面的访问问题并不影响数据
收集的准确性。
虚拟专用网(VPN)1
是一种简单且经济可
行的解决方案,可以绕开防火墙以正常访
问GA报告界面。请确保您选择性能良好、
运行稳定的VPN。
影响 解决方案
PV是GA和百度统计用于衡量网站流量的唯一相同指标。因此,我们建议用PV作为对比两款工具的
“客观”标准,评判其数据的准确性。
当访客浏览网页时,网页上的跟踪代码被触发并加载。此时,该网页的PV计数为1。i
其他度量值的不同定义
在GA中,独立访客(Unique Visitor)是根据
所选日期范围内网页浏览器中所储存的一系列
cookies来识别。
在百度统计中,独立访客(Unique Visitor)
是根据一个唯一的、永久储存在浏览器本地文
件中的访客ID(VisitorID)来识别的。即使删
除cookies,该访客ID也会永久保存在浏览器
的本地储存中。此外,百度统计中的独立访客
实际上是指一天之内的独立访客数。
1
VPN是一种互联网技术,可模拟从其他位置(而非用户实际所在位置)建立的互联网连接。
2
百度统计中的独立访客和新会话的定义请参考:http://goo.gl/9s8Cfp
5
在GA中,以下情况都会被视为一次新会话:
•	 在30分钟不活动之后出现新的活动
•	 通过一个与之前不同的引荐来源回到网站
(仅适用于UA)
•	 通过一个与之前不同的广告系列回到网站
在百度统计中,以下情况都会被定义为一次
新会话:
•	 在30分钟不活动之后出现新的活动
•	 通过一个与之前不同的引荐来源回到网站
•	 重启网页浏览器后重新进入网站
假设某个用户在支付过程中离开网站,前往第三方支付平台,然后在30分钟内返回确认页面。
在GA中,这并不算一次新会话,因为该用户回到该网站时的URL里没有utm参数(cf.http://goo.gl/0AwGKE。但在
UA中情况有所不同)。
在百度统计中,如未配置跨域跟踪功能,这种情况将被视为一次新的会话,并且第三方支付平台的网址会成为新
会话的引荐来源。
在GA中,网站跳出率是单一互动访问百分比
(用户访问网站时,未与着陆页进行互动就离
开该页面)。
•	 随着对网站的互动监测越来越精细,事件监
测可影响网站跳出率
•	 然而,通过高级事件监测的设置,可以将某
个事件配置为“非互动事件”,即使访客在着
陆页上进行了某个互动才离开网站,该会话仍
可被视为跳出
在百度统计中,网站跳出率是严格的单一页面
浏览百分比。与GA不同,百度统计计算网站
跳出率方法如下:
•	 事件监测并不影响网站跳出率
•	 在百度统计中,对于事件监测的设置没有
“非互动事件”这个选项
例如,访客来到着陆页,关闭了一个有关“订阅邮件”的弹出窗口,然后离开网站。在GA中,这将不会计算为一
个网站跳出。但是,您可以将此关闭弹窗的事件配置为“非互动事件”,从而将这个低参与度的访问计算为一个
网站跳出。在百度统计中,此场景只能被计算为跳出。
平均会话时长(Average Session Duration):
由于GA和百度统计对于跳出率的计算方法不同,平均会话时长的数值在两个工具中自然也会不同
(跳出会话的平均会话时长为零)。此外,在访客关闭网页时,百度统计会向服务器发送一个带时
间戳的匹配(hit),但是GA代码不会向服务器发送任何匹配(hit)。
简单来说,对于诸如“会话数”和“独立访客数”之类的数据,不同的工具之间数据有差异是很正
常的。在不同工具之间对比数据的最佳方式,是比较趋势而不是比较具体的数值。
2
百度统计中的独立访客和新会话的定义请参考: http://goo.gl/9s8Cfp
同时安装GA(或UA)以及百度统计(并且培训您的团队,以确保他们掌握使用方法),结
合两者的优势:
	 Google Analytics
•	 充分利用GA的高级功能和新功能,同时使用百度统计对比流量趋势
百度统计
•	 百度统计账号可与百度推广账号打通,导入推广数据
•	 在百度统计的实时报告中,可看到访客粒度的数据,包括IP地址和所有该访客浏览过
的页面(不同于GA)
•	 百度统计提供以中国为核心的人口统计学数据和本地化报告
•	 百度统计也可提供网站速度对比、防火墙内的网站索引、百度趋势、单击品牌专区跟
踪、搜索引擎优化建议(GA或UA会隐藏搜索引擎关键词,除非支付Google Adwords
进行关键词优化)
我们的建议
55是全世界首个品牌科技集团You  Mr Jones旗下的数据公司,我们致力于帮助品牌收集、分
析并激活来自各个渠道的数据,以提高他们的营销投资回报率,赢得更多新客户,维系现有老
客户。公司总部位于巴黎,在伦敦、香港、上海和纽约设有办公室。凭借其独特的“人才、软
件和专业服务”三合一的技术方法,55被德勤评为欧洲发展最快的高科技公司之一。
fifty-five 版权所有www.fifty-five.cn | contact-cn@fifty-five.com | 巴黎 • 伦敦 • 香港 • 上海 • 纽约

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55 | fifty-five | Whitepaper: Web Analytics in China, From Good to Great Analytics behind the Firewall (Chinese version)