SIS & ESD (IEC 61511, 61508) Training - Process Hazard Analysis

XRS Consulting Engineers and Project
Managers 1
Section 6
Safety Instrumented Systems (SIS) & Emergency Shutdown
(IEC 61511 & IEC 61508) and Boiler/Gas Turbine Control
Safety Instrumented Systems
Section 6
Process Hazard Analysis

Managers 4
Section 6
Process Hazard Analysis (PHA) is a key requirement of
OSHA’s Process Safety Management (PSM) standard 29 CFR
1910.119 and the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA)
Risk Management Programme (RMP) rule, 40 CPR Part 68.
These regulations require that PHA address toxic, fire and
explosion hazards resulting from specific chemicals
(referred to as Major Hazards) and their possible impacts
on employees, the public and the environment.
The specific chemicals are defined in the regulations and
are called “Highly Hazardous Chemicals” by OSHA and
“Regulated Substances” by EPA
INTRODUCTION
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Managers 7
Section 6
HAZOP STUDY

Managers 10
Section 6
HAZOP studies may also be used more extensively,
including:
At the initial concept stage when design drawings are
available
When the final piping and instrumentation diagrams
(P&ID) are available
During construction and installation to ensure that
recommendations are implemented
HAZOP STUDY

Managers 13
Section 6
The team leader should be independent (i.e., no
responsibility for the process and/or the performance of
operations)
HAZOP STUDY

Managers 16
Section 6
HAZOP STUDY

Managers 19
Section 6
HAZOP STUDY

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Section 6
HAZOP STUDY
HAZOP Procedure

Managers 25
Section 6
HAZOP STUDY

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Section 6
6. HAZOP results
Reporting principles
Classification of recordings
Main results
Appendix 1: HAZOP work-sheets
Appendix 2: P&IDs (marked)
HAZOP STUDY
Report Contents

Managers 31
Section 6
Systematic examination
Multidisciplinary study
Utilizes operational experience
Covers safety as well as operational aspects
Solutions to the problems identified may be indicated
Considers operational procedures
Covers human errors
Study led by independent person
Results are recorded
HAZOP STUDY
Advantages

Managers 34
Section 6
Fault Tree Analysis

Managers 37
Section 6
FAULT TREE SYMBOLS AND DESCRIPTIONS
FAULT TREE ANALYSIS

Managers 40
Section 6
The following steps are required:-
• Define scope of project
• Select a set of symbols
• Define the top event
• Create fault tree
• Document results
FAULT TREE ANALYSIS

Managers 43
Section 6
Event Tree Analysis

Managers 46
Section 6
The Event Tree Analysis:
• Assists in the understanding of the consequence of
events
• It models an initiating event and the time sequence
of event propagation to the potential consequences
• Can be used qualitatively or quantitively
• Can be developed independently or in combination
with Fault Tree Analysis
EVENT TREE ANALYSIS

Managers 49
Section 6
ADDING AN SIS PROTECTION LAYER
FAULT TREE ANALYSIS

Managers 52
Section 6
Purpose:
FMEAs are conducted to improve the safety of equipment
by:
1. Identifying single component, equipment and system
failure modes.
2. Determining the potential effects on the equipment,
system, or plant associated with each individual
failure mode.
3. Generating recommendations for increasing reliability
of the component, equipment and/or system.
FAILURE MODE AND EFFECTS ANALYSIS (FMEA)

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Section 6

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SIS & ESD (IEC 61511, 61508) Training - Process Hazard Analysis

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SIS & ESD (IEC 61511, 61508) Training - Process Hazard Analysis