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Stomach pacemaker for weight loss
1. Abeezar I. Sarela Consultant in Upper GI & Bariatric Surgery St James’s University Hospital & The Nuffield Hospital Leeds, UK Gastric Neuromodulation (Electric Stimulation) for Obesity
21. Study Population Unpublished data Number of Subjects 30 Gender 25 Females / 5 Males Age (years) Mean, range 40 (20 to 60) Weight (lb) Mean, range 284.6 ( 213.4 to 370) Excess weight (lb) 124.6 (72.9 to 177.5) BMI Mean, range 43.8 (32.5 to 55)
Phasic contractions are driven by slow waves generated by pacemaker ICC – depolarizations enable Ca2+ Entry – action potential – electromechanical Coupling Motility of GI tract is results from coordinated contractions of smooth muscle, which in turn derive from two basic patterns of electrical activity across the membranes of smooth muscle cells — slow waves and action potentials.[2] Slow waves are initiated by pacemakers — the interstitial cells of Cajal (ICC). Slow wave frequency varies in the different organs of the GI tract and is characteristic for that organ. They set the maximum frequency at which the muscle can contract: stomach — about 3 waves in a minute – during fasting, these do not result in contractions. For 2-3 hours after meals, spikes are superimposed on slow waves – result in contractions that propogate distally. Bradygastria – assocaited with GP Tachygastria Disorganised – dysrthythmia duodenum — about 12 waves in a minute, ileum — about 8 waves in a minute, rectum — about 17 waves in a minute.[3] jejunum — about 11 waves in a minute.[4]