This document discusses the concepts of robustness and resilience in structural and infrastructure systems. It begins by defining key concepts like robustness, attributes of structural quality, and factors that can negatively impact systems like faults, errors and failures. It then discusses performance criteria for structures under service, ultimate and accidental limit states. The document presents views of structural life cycles and degradation over time. It provides examples of infrastructure systems and how components can be connected in series or parallel. Finally, it discusses approaches for improving dependability, reliability and fault tolerance in structural design.

1. Robustezza e Resilienza
di Sistemi Strutturali e Infrastrutturali
Franco Bontempi
Professore Ordinario di Tecnica delle Costruzioni
Facolta’ di Ingegneria Civile e Industriale
Universita’ degli Studi di Roma La Sapienza
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3. Concepts
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4. Structural Robustness
more robust
AVAILABILITY
ATTRIBUTE
S
MAINTAINABILITY
SAFETY
SECURITY
INTEGRITY
less robust
STRUCTURAL QUALITY
RELIABILITY
NEGATIVE CAUSE
FAULT
THREATS
ERROR
FAILURE
it is a defect and represents a
potential cause of error, active or dormant
the system is in an incorrect state:
it may or may not cause failure
permanent interruption of a system ability
to perform a required function
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under specified operating conditions

5. Performance layout
OBJECT
SLS
USE
ULS
Structural
System
ILS
SAFETY
NET
Infrastructural
System
INTEGRITY
D
Mean
Frequent
Maximum
Rare
Accidental
Exceptional
Black Swan
f(D)
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6. Life Cycle View
RESILIENCE
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CONSTRUCTIONS
RESILIENCE
NEW
“As Designed”
“As Built”
EXISTING
“As Actual”
COLLAPSED
“As Failed”
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8. CONSTRUCTIONS
NEW
Activities
“As Designed”
“As Built”
EXISTING
“As Actual”
COLLAPSED
Codes & Standards
Information Retrivial
Data Mining
Risk Analysis
Performance Based
Design
Dependability
“As Failed”
Conceptual Design
Innovatice Concepts
Structural Oprimization
Advanced Materials
Special Devices
Structural Control
Energy Harvesting
DESIGN
ENVIRONMENT
/
BOUNDARY
CONDITIONS
GEOLOGICAL ASPECTS
EARTHQUAKES
NATURAL
Structural Identification
Structural Health Monitoring
Damage Assessment
Remaining Capacity
Structural Refurbishment
Structural Augmentation
Codes Compliance
Historical and
Monumental Costructions
Back Analysis
Forensic Engineering
Legal Issues
SOIL - STRUCTURE
ACTIONS
ANTROPIC
Fire
WIND - STRUCTURE
ACCIDENTAL
EXCEPTIONAL
FSI
Explosions
HPLC
LPHC
Black Swan
WAVE - STRUCTURE
INTERACTIONS
Components and Structures Testing
Experimental Design
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Rapid Prototyping

9. Case
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Seismic Action
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Critical Node
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13. Infrastructure plan view
Representation of the system
Individuation of the system/network components
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WU
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2
4
3
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WD
HY
CU
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1 RETAINING WALL UP (WU)
2
RETAINING WALL DOWN (WD)
4 CONDUIT UP (CU)
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CONDUIT ROSALBA
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3
6
CR
HYDROELECTRIC POWER STATION (HY)
HYDRAULIC JUNCTION
CB
ELECTRICITY
WATER
Outputs
CONDUIT PAVONCELLI BIS
Node Congestion
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14. (0,62)
(28.5,62)
(53,56)
(0,54)
(63,45)
WU
(92,34)
WD
(92,32)
HY
(0,29)
(92,29)
CU
CR
CB
(0,0)
(92,0)
System with Element connected in Series
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System with Element connected in Parallel
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Structural System Degradation
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Damage at Local Level
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Damage at Element Level
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Damage at Structural Level
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21. Design
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27. Concepts again
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28. TIGHT
couplings
LOOSE
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LINEAR interactions NONLINEAR
Perrow
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29. Holistic View
OBJECT
FAR FIELD ZONE
EXCHAGE ZONE
STRUCTURE
Local / Punctual
Scale
Global / Regional
Scale
NET
INFRASTRUCTURE
Structural
System
Also if artificial,
these systems
need to have
necessarily
evolutive soundness,
ecological coherence
and sustainability
characteristics
Infrastructural
System
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30. Structural System
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31. RELIABILITY
A way to assess
the dependability of a system
ATTRIBUTES
AVAILABILITY
MAINTAINABILITY
SAFETY
the trustworthiness
of a system which allows
reliance to be justifiably placed
on the service it delivers
SECURITY
INTEGRITY
DEPENDABILITY
of
STRUCTURAL
SYSTEMS
High level / active
performance
FAULT
THREATS
An understanding of the things
that can affect the dependability
of a system
Dependability
ERROR
FAILURE
Low level / passive
performance
it is a defect and represents a
potential cause of error, active or dormant
the system is in an incorrect state:
it may or may not cause failure
permanent interruption of a system ability
to perform a required function
under specified operating conditions
FAULT TOLERANT
DESIGN
FAULT DETECTION
MEANS
FAULT DIAGNOSIS
ways to increase
the dependability of a system
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FAULT MANAGING

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