Samuel Ajai Crowther

1. MISSIONARY TO
YORUBALAND
Samuel Ajayi
Crowther
(1807 – 1891)
By Dr. Peter Hammond

3. MISSIONARY TO
YORUBALAND
Samuel Ajayi
Crowther
(1807 – 1891)
By Dr. Peter Hammond

4. SETTING THE CAPTIVES FREE
One of the many fruits of William Wilberforce’s life-long
crusade against the slave trade, was that Samuel Ajayi
Crowther, who was born , in Yorubaland, in 1807, the
year Great Britian abolished the slave trade, became the
first African bishop of the Church of England.

5. Enslaved
Samuel Crowther
was born in
Yorubaland
At age 13, He
was captured by
African slavers

6. and sold to a Portuguese trader for transport across the Atlantic.

7. Freed
Samuel was rescued by a British naval squadron in 1822
and put ashore at Freetown.

8. From 1809 the British government mobilised
its navy to search suspected slave ships,
even foreign vessels, on the high seas.

9. For a century, the Royal Navy was dedicated
to setting the captives free, going far beyond
clearing the oceans of slave ships,

10. to boldly sailing up unchartered rivers
and creeks,

11. to storm slave stockades,

12. freeing captives at every turn.

13. Great Britain dedicated it’s resources to fighting
and opposing the slave trade.

14. The British spent millions of pounds in suppressing
the slave trade, and sacrificed much blood in fighting
to set the captives free.

15. The West-African country of Sierra Leone had been established by British
Evangelicals to serve as a haven for freed slaves.

16. Britain invested vast amounts of money into
developing Sierra Leone as a free and independent
state, where liberated slaves could settle.

17. Converted
In Sierra Leone, Crowther was converted
to Christ. He received an education both
in Sierra Leone and in England.

18. “About the third year
of my liberation from
the slavery of man, I
was convinced of
another worse state of
slavery, that of sin and
satan. I was admitted
into the visible Church
of Christ here on earth
as a soldier to fight
manfully under His
banner against
spiritual enemies.”

19. Called
In 1843, he was ordained as a Church of England minister
for service with the Church Missionary Society (CMS).

20. Impact
Crowther was one of the leaders of a
successful missionary venture that
took him, and several other former
slaves back to their native Yorubaland,
where a vigorous Christianity soon
developed.

21. One of the first
converts Samuel
baptised was his own
mother – who took the
Christian name –
Hannah.
His language Yoruba
became the first
African Language to
be used for Church of
England liturgy in
worship.

22. Yoruba Christian worship was distinctly Protestant and Evangelical
in the Church of England style. Crowther led converts in burying
or destroying their traditional charms, fetishes and idols.

23. In 1864, Crowther was ordained as the first
African bishop of the Church of England
in an overflowing Canterbury Cathedral

24. Crusade Against Slavery
and directed to undertake a mission along the Niger River.
This was to follow up on the Niger expedition of 1841, which was led by
William Wilberforce’s successor, Foxwell Buxton.

25. T. Foxwell Buxton was an Evangelical leader in Parliament
and an anti-slavery crusader.

26. His expedition up the Niger River Valley of West Africa was to overcome the
ravages of the slave industry still entrenched there. Of the 145 Europeans on
that expedition, 130 were struck down with Malaria, and 40 died.

27. Transformation
Yet, the expedition succeeded in establishing a Missionary Centre at Fourah Bay
for training liberated slaves to evangelise West Africa. It was built on the very
place where a slave market had once stood..

28. The rafters of its roof were made almost entirely from the masts
of old slave ships.

29. Samuel Crowther was one of the first four
students to graduated from Fourah Bay College,
sub Saharan Africa’s first university.

30. Winning Muslims to Christ
Samuel laboured diligently to bring the
Gospel to the diverse tribes along the Niger
River, producing Biblical tracts and
Scripture texts dealing with witchcraft
and charms.

31. He also dealt with the common ground
between the Qur’an and the
Scriptures, and produced Gospel
presentations for Muslims founded
entirely on Biblical quotations.

32. Teaching God’s Book
Crowther wrote in 1854 of his contact with King Ogara of Panda: “I asked if he
would like his people to be taught God’s Book, and how to worship God
as we do in the white man’s country…

33. …for it was these two
things together which
made England great,
and that they would
bring peace and
prosperity to any
country who received
and embraced them
…he replied …that he
was very desirous that
war should cease, that
his people might trade
and be taught God’s
Book; he wished us
many blessings…”

34. He was effective in opposing slavery, witchcraft
and Islam and, and won many converts among
the Nupe and the Hausa.

35. Enduring Fruit
Bishop Crowther worked
effectively at indigenising an
Evangelical Anglicanism,
which was truly African.
Today there are over 14
million Anglicans in Nigeria.

38. REFORMATION SOCIETY
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Cape Town
South Africa
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