Local Biogas Grids - improving the economics of biogas plants

SERVICE MIT ENERGIE.

Development of local biogas grids in
Germany

Oldenburger Gastage, 1. Dezember 2010

© KWA EVIVA GMBH 2010 VOGELSANGER STRASSE 250 I 50825 KÖLN I GERMANY


Content

Biogas in Germany
Motivation for local biogas grids
Best-practice examples
Outlook

© KWA EVIVA GMBH 2010 Eviva nachhaltige Energiedienstleistungen


Biogas plants in Germany

Amount of newly built plants
Total amount in previous year
Average size of plant (kWel.)
Additional capacity (MWel)
Installed capacity (MWel)

Electrical capacity
Amount

Source: German Biogas Association



Agricultural Biogas Plants
Source: KWA Eviva GmbH

Source: KWA Contracting AG


Industrial Biogas Plants
Desulphurisation
CHP-plant + Thermal
Digestion stack treatment Storage tank
Source: BioWerk Hamburg

BGP WTE
Soccer
Stadium
Fat
tank

Source: BioWerk Hamburg

Bio filter Hydrolysis Heat exchanger Treatment hall
Transformer station
Source: HSV



Market Development in Germany

More than 1,000 enterprises working in the sector
About 5000 biogas plants in operation
Technologies for upgrading to biomethane (23
projects) and biogas as transport fuel (2 projects)
Technologies for efficient use of thermal energy
Advanced technologies for treatment of digestate
and its application as fertilizer



Feedstock for Biogasproduction in
Germany

Source: IBBK


Overview on biogas utilisation
applications
Slightly pre-treated biogas
Combustion in CHP s for electricity, heat and cold
generation
Flare (only back-up)
Upgrading to natural gas quality
Feeding into the natural gas grid
Vehicle fuel



Combined Heat and Power (CHP)

Source: Econcern
Application in Co-generation units for
electricity, heat and cold production



Co-gen unit with district heating grid



Upgraded Biogas

Source: Deutsches BiomasseForschungsZentrum gGmbH / Econcern

Upgrading and injection into natural gas grid
or utilisation as vehicle fuel


Why biogas grids?



Motivation
>5000 biogas plants with 2200 MWe installed electrical
capacity in Germany à ~2300 MWth capacity potential
Current degree of heat utilisation: ~50%, often only to a
small degree and/or to heat some buildings
Using the heat
Increased degree of utilisation
improved economics
Relating the heat sales price to market prices of fossile
energy carriers
à Improved hedging of economic risks
Fixed EEG-tarifs + market volatile heat revenues
à hedging of substrate market prices



Biogas and efficient resource utilisation

Prime energy: biogas à 6 kWh/Nm3
Biogas in co-gen unit
à2,5 kWhe per Nm3 of biogas used
+ 2,4 kWhth per Nm3 of biogas used
but how to use the heat?



Heat usage options

Heating of buildings
Heat supply via district heating grids
Drying systems
Heating greenhouses
Cold supply to cooling applications
Heat supply to large cleaning businesses
Process heat for (e.g.)
Food industry processes
biogas pipelines and satellite CHP units


Nahwärmenetz


Co-gen unit with biogas pipeline



Solution: local biogas grids
less thermal losses
more economic for small/medium size biogas plants (<1000 kWe)
when heat off-take can be increased significantly and distances <3 km
Biogas grid costs 1/3 compared to heating grid
Additional costs for compressor and auxiliary material
Operational costs higher
Versatile: possibility to connect more biogas plants on one biogas
pipeline
Safety important
Pipeline must be errected und operated according to DVGW-rules
Construction by DVGW-enterprises
Operation with 24 h availability
DVGW materials (PE)



Best-practice examples in Germany



Germany s 1st Biogas grid
Braunschweig/Lower Saxony, 2007
Biogas CHP unit
500 kWe
Biogasleitung 20km
satellite-CHP units
2 x 1 MW e
Heat injection into
district heating grid of
the local utilityof BS
Energy (16 Mio kWh/a)
Details
Under large canal
under motorway
Savings: 7200 t CO2/a

Source: Abwasserverband Braunschweig


Biogas grid Braunschweig - ecocnomics

Investment costs
Biogas plant: 6.6 Mio.
Biogas pipeline + CHP unit: 4.8 Mio.
Annual costs
O&M: 560 k /a
Substrate: ~1.04 Mio. /a
Financing: 645 k /a
Revenues Heat & electricity: 2,62 Mio, /a
P&L: + 375 k /a



Biogasgrid Schwäbisch Hall/Baden-
Württemberg, 2010
Biogas CHP unit
100 kWe, 120 kW th
Biogasleitung 7km
Satellite-CHP unit
300 kWe, 330 kW th
Heat injection into
district heating Source: Energiepflanzen, 4/2010

grid of the local
utilityof
Schwäbisch Hall
Savings: 2.500 t
CO2/a



Biogas grid Bad Bevensen/Lower Saxony,
2010
Biogas pipeline 5,5 km
satellite-CHP unit
600 kWe
Heat utilisation by public
thermal baths (4 Mio
kWh/a)
Heat off-take contract
to be always
cheape than heat
from gas/oil
Details
Under little river
Savings
400000 l/a fueloil
2700 t CO2/a
Source: KWA Contracting AG



Ins & outs

External heat supply for fermenter necessary
Safety regulations for gas grids (e.g. 24h support)
Often additional CHP unit needed
Versatile connect several biogas plants to one
grid
Q: Selling biogas or electricity and heat?



Summary and Conclusions

Many biogas plants utilise the available heat
insufficiently
Large economic potential to make use of waste heat
from CHP units
EEG and prices of fossile energy carriers call for
biogas heat solutions
Biogas grids can be an economically attractive option
to increase the degree of utilisation of the energy
content of biogas with less haet losses compared to
heating grids



Questions?

Frank Schillig

e: f.schillig@eviva-energy.com
t: +49-221-78946910
w: www.eviva-energie.de

Eviva Strives for a Proper and Straight Support of Your
Sustainable Energy Supply

Local Biogas Grids - improving the economics of biogas plants

Recomendados

Recomendados

Más contenido relacionado

La actualidad más candente

La actualidad más candente (19)

Destacado

Destacado (20)

Similar a Local Biogas Grids - improving the economics of biogas plants

Similar a Local Biogas Grids - improving the economics of biogas plants (20)

Local Biogas Grids - improving the economics of biogas plants